7thSquare Project

7thSquare Archive Data

$hlenschläger	Adam Gottlob	Adam Gottlob $hlenschläger Romantic poet of Denmark. Under the influence of Steffens he became acquainted with German romantic literature, and hi...
*	Agathon	Agathon * Athenian tragic poet, contemporary and friend of Euripides, Aristophanes, and Socrates. He appears to have most nearly approached the great trio, Esc...
?hlenschläger	Adam Gottlob	Adam Gottlob ?hlenschläger Romantic poet of Denmark. Under the influence of Steffens he became acquainted with German romantic literature, and hi...
Abdul (Kadir)	Algilani	Algilani Abdul (Kadir) A Moslem saint and mystic. He was born in the province of Gilan, Persia, and died at Bagdad. He wrote on Moslem law and my...
Abélard	Pierre	Pierre Abélard Pierre Abélard, or Abailard (Lat. Abælardus). Theologian and scholastic philosopher, was born at Pallet (Palais), near Nantes, when...
About	Edmond François Valentin	Edmond François Valentin About French novelist and dramatist, born at Dieuze, Lorraine; devoted himself to fiction and journalism, and produced La Grèce ...
Acosta	Gabriel D'	Gabriel D' Acosta Also known as Uriel D' Acosta, a Portuguese of noble birth; born at Oporto; brought up a Roman Catholic; adopted Judaism, but was after...
Addison	Joseph	Joseph Addison One of the most influential of English Writers; born at Milston, near Amesbury, Wiltshire, where his father was rector. He was ele...
Adeler	Max	Max Adeler Renaissance, a general term or the revival of ancient classical influences which moved Europe in the 15th and 16th centuries. It is also known...
Aerestrup	Car Ludwig Emil	Car Ludwig Emil Aerestrup Danish lyric poet, born at Copenhagehn; practiced as a doctor. His Efterladte Digte (1863) created a sensation by their ...
Agathon		Agathon Athenian tragic poet, contemporary and friend of Euripides, Aristophanes, and Socrates. He appears to have most nearly approached the gre...
Aguilera	Ventura Ruiz	Ventura Ruiz Aguilera Spanish poet, lived an active life at Madrid, filling several posts under the progressive governments, and carrying on journalistic...
Aicard	Jean François Victor	Jean François Victor Aicard French poet. Has published several volumes of verse' e.g. Les Poèmes de Provence (1874); La Chanson de l'En...
Aidé	Charles Hamilton	Charles Hamilton Aidé English novelist; served from 1845-52 in the army. Among his works are Eleonore, and other Poems (1856); Songs wi...
Ainsworth	William Harrison	William Harrison Ainsworth Historical novelist, born at Manchester; in 1826 abandoned law, married a publisher`s daughter, and for a year and a half foll...
Akenside	Mark	Mark Akenside Physician and poet, the son of a butcher of Newcastle. At seventeen he began his chief work, The Pleasures of Imagination (1...
Aksakov	Ivan Sergeievitch	Ivan Sergeievitch Aksakov Russion poet and publicist, son of Sergei Timofeievitch; born at Moscow; was editor of several Panslavist journals, including t...
Al-Asmai	Abd Al-Malik	Abd Al-Malik Al-Asmai Al-Asmai (Abd Al-Malik) was born in Basora, 122/740 and died in Baghdad in 213/828 ; author of Al-Asmaiyyat and Kitah a...
Al-Dabbi	Al-Mufaddal	Al-Mufaddal Al-Dabbi Al-Mufaddal al-Dabbi (known also as Dibbi) was born in Kufa and died in Bagdad, 170/786; also author of al-Amtal / The Prover...
Al-Yumahi	Muhammad ben Sallam	Muhammad ben Sallam Al-Yumahi Born at Basora and killed in Bagdad, Muhammad Al-Yumahi was the author of a magnificient work titled Tabaqat Fuhul al-Su...
Alamanni	Luigi	Luigi Alamanni Italian poet; born at Florence, died at Amboise. Detected in a conspiracy against Giuliano, he escaped to Venice, and thence to Fr...
Alberti	Leone Battista Degli	Leone Battista Degli Alberti Italian writer, architect, sculptor, painter, and scholar; spent most of his life at Rome, where, from 1432-72, he was papal...
Alberus (Alber)	Erasmus	Erasmus Alberus (Alber) Theologian and reformer; born near Frankfort-on-the-Main. In 1518, at Wittenberg, he became intimate with Luther and Mela...
Alceus		Alceus Alceus of Lesbos, one of the greatest of Greek lyric poets, who gave his name to, if he did not invent, the metre called Alcaic. He was an aristo...
Alcott	Louisa May	Louisa May Alcott American writer for the young; born at Germantown, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.; daughter of Amos Bronson Alcott; began life as a school-mistre...
Aldrich	Thomas Bailey	Thomas Bailey Aldrich American poet and novelist, has contributed much prose and verse to many of the principal magazines, and was editor of Every Sat...
Aleardi	Aleardo	Aleardo Aleardi Italian poet, often imprisioned for revolutionary tendencies; professor (1864) of esthetics in the Accademia della Belle Arte at F...
Aleman	Mateo	Mateo Aleman Spanish novelist; author of the popular story of roguery, La Vida del Picaro Guzman de Alfarache (1599; several English trans.), also...
Alfieri	count Vittorio	count Vittorio Alfieri Italian poet and dramatist, born at Asti, in Piedmont; succeeded at fourteen to a large inheritance. From his nineteenth year he t...
Alford	Henry	Henry Alford Scholar and poet; laboured as clergyman in Ampton, Wymeswold, London, and (1857) as dean of Canterbury; was evangelical in sympathy; is reme...
Alin	Oskar	Oskar Alin Swedish historian and statesman, was professor of history and political economy at Upsala, and leader of the Protectionist Conservatives in th...
Alishan	Leon	Leon Alishan Armenian national poet and historian. His numerous works include Collected Poems (5 vols. 1857-67); Popular Songs of the A...
Allan	Sir William	Sir William Allan Liberal M.P. for Gateshead (1893-1903), was born in Dundee, where he served na apprenticeship to an engineer, afterwards engaging himse...
Allardyce	Alexander	Alexander Allardyce Author, born in Aberdeenshire; was sub-editor of the Friend of India (1868-75), afterwards editing the Ceylon Times. ...
Alleine	Richard	Richard Alleine Puritan clergyman, and author of many books on pratical religion; born at Ditcheat, Somerset; was for twenty years rector of Batcombe, a...
Alleine	William	William Alleine Younger brother of Richard Rilliam, was for many years cruelly persecuted by the Cavaliers, and was ejected in 1662 when vicar of Blandfo...
Allen	Charles Grant Blairfindie	Charles Grant Blairfindie Allen Best known as 'Grant Allen'. Novelist and scientist, was born at Alwington, near Kingston, Canada. He was for a s...
Allen	James Lane	James Lane Allen Novelist, born in Kentucky, U.S.A., was professor of Latin and higher English at a Virginian college, but devoted himself entirely to li...
Allestree	Richard	Richard Allestree English royalist divine, who took up arms in the civil war. After the restoration he was made chaplain to the King and professor of div...
Allingham	William	William Allingham Irish poet, was first a bank clerk, and then an officer of the Customs. In 1850 he published his first volume of verse; a...
Allmers	Hermann	Hermann Allmers Poet and author, born at Rechtenfleth, near Bremen; published the Marschenbuch (1858; 4th ed. 1902), an entertaining description o...
Allston	Washington	Washington Allston Painter and poet, called `the American Titian` because of his love of strong colours. A native of S.Carolina, he studied in London, Pa...
Almqvist	Karl Jonas Ludvig	Karl Jonas Ludvig Almqvist Swedish author, after a short official career withdrew into the forests of Vermland, where he lived for two years like a backw...
Alxinger	Johann Baptist Edler Von	Johann Baptist Edler Von Alxinger Austrian poet, was born in Vienna, and studied law there. He wrote the 'Rittergedichte' Doolin von Mai...
Amador de Los Rios	José	José Amador de Los Rios Spanish historian, born at Baena; became professor of literature at the Madrid University and member of the Academy. His ...
Ambrosius	Johanna	Johanna Ambrosius Penname of Johanna Voigt. German peasant poetess, wife of a farmer at Gross-Wersmeninken. Her poems reflect the hardness of lif...
Amicis	Edmondo De	Edmondo De Amicis Italian writer, born at Oneglia. He became editor of the Florentine paper L`Italia Militare in 1867. For this he wrote a series...
Amiel	Henri Frédéric	Henri Frédéric Amiel French author, born at Geneva. He published many poetical and literary works, but Fragments d`un Journal Intime (1883...
Anacreon of Teos		Anacreon of Teos Celebrated lyric poet; removed to Abdera in Thrace about 544 B.C.; afterwards lived with Polycrates, despot of Samos, until his death (...
Ancelot	Jacques Arséne Polycarpe François	Jacques Arséne Polycarpe François Ancelot French dramatist and academician; wrote Louis IX. (1819), for which he was pensioned by Louis XVIII.; Fiesqu...
Andersen	Hans Christian	Hans Christian Andersen Danish author, son of a shoemaker at Odence, was sent to school and university by generous patrons. He then undertook, at the exp...
Anderson	Robert	Robert Anderson Cumbrian poet, whose works are valuable for their picture of old country customs. His best poems are, The Impatient Lass, ...
Andrea	Johann Valentin	Johann Valentin Andrea Poet and theological writer, was born at Herrenberg in Würtemberg. He travelled through Germany, Italy, and France as tuto...
Andreini	Giovanni Battista	Giovanni Battista Andreini Italian poet of the early 17th century, from whose drama of Adamo (Milan, 1613) Milton seems to have taken suggestions ...
Andrieux	François Guillaume Jean Stanislas	François Guillaume Jean Stanislas Andrieux French author of the first empire, professor (1814) in the Collège de France, and perpetual secretary (1829) o...
Aneurin		Aneurin A Welsh poet, who flourished during the 6th century, generally supposed to be the son of Caw ap Geraint, chief of the tribe of (Otadini), who in...
Angilbert	St.	St. Angilbert Poet, historian, and diplomatist; secretary and friend of Charlemagne, whose daughter, Bertha, he married. He filled high offices o...
Angiolieri	Cecco	Cecco Angiolieri Italian poet of Siena. A Bohemian poet who tells us that `Women, the tavern, and dice' are the only things that attract him. This...
Antimachus		Antimachus The Colophonian. A Greek poet who flourished during the latter period of the Peloponnesian war. His works, of which the chief were
Anzengruber	Ludwig	Ludwig Anzengruber Austrian dramatic writer and novelist, spent most of his life in narrow circumstances, but won lasting fame by his tragedies of domest...
Appleton	Thomas Gold	Thomas Gold Appleton American author and amateur painter, born in Boston, Mass.; published A Nile Journal (1876), Syrian Sunshine (1877), <...
Arany	Janos	Janos Arany Hungarian poet, born in Nagy-Szalonta, Bihar, won in 1845 a prize of the Kisfaludy Society of Budapest with a humorous epic, Az Elveszett ...
Araujo Porto Alegre	Manoel de	Manoel de Araujo Porto Alegre Brazilian poet and architect, born in Rio Pardo, state of São Pedro, Brazil; completed his artistic training in Paris (1831...
Arctinus		Arctinus Arctinus of Miletus. One of the 'cyclic' poets, who completed the cycle of epic stories begun by Homer. Only fragments of his poems survive, bu...
Aretino	Pietro	Pietro Aretino Italian poet and satirist; born at Arezzo, whence he was banished on account of his lampoon against indulgences; worked as a bookbinder at...
Argensola	Lupercio Leonardo	Lupercio Leonardo Argensola Spanish poet and historian, brother of the preceding. His genius and works, poetical and historical, were similar to ...
Ariosto	Ludovico	Ludovico Ariosto Italian poet, was born at Reggio in Emilia. In 1503, after he had written two comedies, La Cassaria and I Suppositi, and ...
Aristophanes		Aristophanes The greatest comic poet of Athens and of Greece. His father Philippus came from 'gina, which cast some doubt on the Athenian citize...
Aristotle		Aristotle Is rightly called by Dante 'the master of them that know'(Inf., iv 130), for he first marked out the pathall science was to follow, and first ...
Armstrong	John	John Armstrong Physician, poet, and miscellaneous writer, was born at Castleton manse, Roxburghshire. He practised in London, writing several med...
Arnaboldi	Alessandro	Alessandro Arnaboldi Italian poet, born in Milan; was secretary to the town council at Milan until 1873. In 1872 he published a volume of Versi, w...
Arnault	Antoine Vincent	Antoine Vincent Arnault French poet and littérateur, born in Paris. He went with Napoleon to Italy, became secretary to the University of ...
Arndt	Ernst Moritz	Ernst Moritz Arndt German poet and patriot, born in the island of Rügen. After travels in France and Germany he became (1805) professor of histor...
Arngrim		Arngrim Arngrim ('The Learned'), otherwise Arngrimur Jonsson. A student of the ancient literature of Iceland. As the priest of Mel, he wrote ...
Arnim	Ludwig Achim Von	Ludwig Achim Von Arnim Gernan poet, born in Berlim. In 1806 he met his lifelong friend, Clemens Brentano, in Heidelberg. Together they edited (18...
Arnold	Edwin	Edwin Arnold Sir Edwin Arnold. English poet, born at Gravesend. For a poem, on The Feast of Belshazzar he gained the New prize (1853). He ...
Arnold	Mattew	Mattew Arnold Poet, critic, and educationist, was the eldest son of Thomas Arnold, headmaster of Rugby. He was born at Laleham, Middlesex. In 184...
Arnold	Thomas Kerchever	Thomas Kerchever Arnold Educational writer, rector of Lyndon in Rutlandshire, devoted himself (after 1838) to the writing of books of classical extracts,...
Arrebo	Anders Christensen	Anders Christensen Arrebo Danish poet, born in Ã?rö; was (1618) appointed bishop of Trondhjem, but was deposed in 1622, and afterwards reinstated as prea...
Arriaza y Superviela	Juan Bautista De	Juan Bautista De Arriaza y Superviela Spanish poet. His early poems are erotic; but, like Quintana and Nicasio Gallego, he found his opportunity ...
Asaky	George	George Asaky Roumaniam author, one of the leaders in the regeneration of his country. He established in Roumania (Moldavia) the first press for p...
Asclepiades	%20	%20 Asclepiades A Greek poet of Samos; who is said to have taught Theocritus. Thirty-nine epigrams in the Greek anthology are ascribed to him.
Atherton	Gertrude Franklin	Gertrude Franklin Atherton Atherton, née Horn. Novelist, was born at San Francisco and educated at Benicia, California, and Lexington, Kentucky. ...
Attar	Ferid Uddin	Ferid Uddin Attar Attar, or Athar. Persian poet of the mystic school, and author of the Mantik ut-Tair, or Conversations of the Birds
Atterbom	Peter Daniel Amadeus	Peter Daniel Amadeus Atterbom The most distinguished poet of the romantic school in Sweden. When a student at Upsala he helped to found the Auror...
Aubanel	Théodore	Théodore Aubanel Poet and dramatist of the Provençal language, and one of the leaders of the development of Provençal poetry, was born at Avignon, where ...
Audsley	George Aahdown	George Aahdown Audsley Count Von Anton Alexander Auersperg; whose pen-name was ANASTASIUS GRUN, Austrian poet; one of the very few allowed to sing of lib...
Ausonius		Ausonius Ausonius, called DECIMUS MAGNUS. One of the latest Latin poets. He was born at Bordeaux, where he practised at the bar until he reached ...
Austen	Jane	Jane Austen English novelist, was born at Steventon in Hampshire. The Austens remained at Steventon until 1801, when Jane was twenty-five. Jane a...
Austin	Alfred	Alfred Austin Poet laureate of England, was born at Headingley, near Leeds, and was called to the bar in 1857. On the death of his father (1861) ...
Authon	Jehan D'	Jehan D' Authon Chronicler and poet. Became historiographer to Louis XII., whom he accompanied to Italy. He died at Poitiers. Book ref.his Ch...
Avellaneda	Gertrudis Gomez De	Gertrudis Gomez De Avellaneda Spanish poetess, who often published under the pen-name of `Peregrina;` born in Cuba, but lived in Madrid and Seville. ...
Avempace	%20	%20 Avempace Avempace, surnamed Ibn-Sayeg or Ibn-Badja. Arab philosopher, physician, astronomer, and poet, was born at Saragossa and died in Fès, Morocco...
Avenarius	Ferdinand	Ferdinand Avenarius German poet and writer on art, was born in Berlim, from which in 1871 he moved to Dresden. Wandern und Werden, his fir...
Avianus	Flavius	Flavius Avianus A Latin fabulist of the 4th century, author of forty-two fables in imitation of Phædrus and Babrius, still extant, set forth in elegiac v...
Avicebron		Avicebron Avicebron, or Salomon-Ibn-Gabirol. Jewish poet and philosopher, born at Malaga in Spain. He is the author of the philosophical work Fons Vi...
Avienus	Rufus Festus	Rufus Festus Avienus A Latin poet who wrote on geographical and astronomical subjects in the 4th century A.D. To him are ascribed (1) Descript...
Ayala	Pedro Lopez De	Pedro Lopez De Ayala Spanish poet and historian. A noble of the court of Peter the Cruel, he fought for Henry of Trastamare at the battle of Naje...
Ayrer	Jacob	Jacob Ayrer A German dramatic poet, and a notary at Nuremberg, whose Opus Theatricum was published in 1618. In his early works he follows ...
Ayton	Robert	Robert Ayton Sir Robert Ayton. A Scottish poet, born at Kinaldie, Fifeshire; travelled in France, and was successively gentleman of the King`s bedchamber...
Aytoun	William Edmondstoune	William Edmondstoune Aytoun Scottish poet, was born in Edinburgh. In 1845 he became professor of rhetoric in the university. He married a daughter of Pro...
Azevedo	Manoel António Alvares De	Manoel António Alvares De Azevedo Brazilian poet. Wrote, in the temper of Heine and Byron, Lyra dos Vinte Annos (1851; 5th ed.1884), which show un...
Babrius		Babrius A Greek poet, probably before the time of Augustus. His work, called Fables, in ten books, was a version of 'sop`s Fables ...
Bacchylides		Bacchylides Bacchylides of Ceos, one of the great lyric poets of Greece, was a nephew of Simonides. He lived for some time at the court of Hiero...
Bacsanyi	Janos	Janos Bacsanyi Hungrian poet, whose first work was The Valour of the Magyars (1785), and who founded the periodical called the Magyar Museam. A c...
Bailey	Philip James	Philip James Bailey English poet, born at Nottingham; called to the bar in 1840. His reputation rests wholly upon Festus, a poem whi...
Baillie	Joanna	Joanna Baillie Scottish dramatist and poet, born at Bothwell, Lanarkshire. She went to London in 1784, and in 1790 published anonymously a volume...
Bajza	Joseph	Joseph Bajza Hungarian poet and critic, was director of the national theatre at Pest (1837), and wrote and (partly) translated the Hist. Library (...
Baker	Henry	Henry Baker English scientist and poet, was born in London. After completing his apprenticeship as a bookseller, he instituted a highly successfu...
Balaguer	Victor	Victor Balaguer Spanish politician, poet, and historian. He became an active Radical politician and advocate of the rights of Catalonia, fled to ...
Balestier	Charles Wolcott	Charles Wolcott Balestier American novelist and journalist, born at Rochester, N.Y.; died at Dresden, Germany. He wrote a number of novels - e.g....
Ballantine	James	James Ballantine Scottish poet and artist, born in Edinburgh, studied glass-painting, upon which he wrote a treatise (1845), and was entrusted, after com...
Ballantyne	Robert Michael	Robert Michael Ballantyne Writer of stories for boys, nephew of Scott`s James Ballantyne, was born in Edinburgh, and died in Rome. He served as a ...
Balzac	Honoré De	Honoré De Balzac A celebrated French novelist, was a native of Tours. Educated at Vendôme, and at the Sorbonne, Paris, for some years he lived in...
Bandello	Matteo	Matteo Bandello Italian novelist, was born at Castelnuovo (Tortona); entered the Dominican order, and became teacher of Lucrezia Gonzaga, in whose honour...
Banim	John	John Banim Irish novelist, was the younger of the two brothers who wrote Tales of the O`Hara Family (1825-9). Born at Kilkenny, he began life as ...
Banville	Theodore Faullain De	Theodore Faullain De Banville French poet, born at Moulins. In 1842 he published Les Cariatides, a volume of verse; and in 1846 Les Stalac...
Barahona	Luis	Luis Barahona Luis Barahona de Soto. Spanish poet. His principal work is a continuation of Orlando Furioso, called Angelica (1586; ...
Baratynski	Yvgeni Abramovitch	Yvgeni Abramovitch Baratynski Russian poet. Served as a soldier in Finland, during which he wrote his first poem, Eda (1826). He afterwards...
Barbauld	Anna Letitia	Anna Letitia Barbauld English authoress, was born in Leicestershire. In 1773 she published her first volume of poems, which was instantly success...
Barbey d'Aurévilly	Jules	Jules Barbey d'Aurévilly French author, born at St.-Sauveur-le-Vicomte (dep.Manche); wrote a great number of works characterized by the paradoxical boldn...
Barbour	John	John Barbour Scottish poet, was archdeacon of Aberdeen in 1356. In 1372 he became clerk of the King`s audit, and in 1374 one of the auditors of t...
Barclay	Alexander	Alexander Barclay Poet and translator, supposed, on good grounds, to have been a native of Scotland. He became a 'prest and monke of Ely,' and subseque...
Barclay	John	John Barclay English satirist, author of the Argenis, was the son od a French lady of distinguished birth. He wrote much in Latin verse, s...
Barclay	Robert	Robert Barclay Scottish Quaker and writer, was born at Gordonstown, Morayshire. Educated at Paris in the Scots College, of which his uncle was re...
Baretti	Giuseppe	Giuseppe Baretti Italian poet and critic, born at Turin. In 1751 he came to London, where he became secretary of the Royal Academy of Painting, a...
Barham	Richard Harris	Richard Harris Barham Author of the Ingoldsby Legends, was born at Canterbury, took orders (1813), and in 1821 was appointed a minor canon of St.P...
Barine	Arvède	Arvède Barine French writer, whose real name is Mme.Charles Vincens, born in Paris; writes chiefly about women, but has translated Tolstoy`s Souvenirs...
Baring (Gould)	Sabine	Sabine Baring (Gould) English divine, novelist, and miscellaneous writer, born at Exeter, and became incumbent of Dalton, Thirsk, in 1866, rector of E.Me...
Barlow	Henry Clark	Henry Clark Barlow English writer on Dante, born at Newington Butts, Surrey. In 1850 he published Remarks on the Reading of the 59th Verse of ...
Barlow	Joel	Joel Barlow American poet and politician; who visited England (1788) and France (1792), where he received the rights of citizenship. In 1795 he w...
Barnes	William	William Barnes Poet and clergyman, was born at Rushay, near Salisbury. His first volume - Orra: a Lapland Tale - was published in 1822. He...
Barnfield	Richard	Richard Barnfield English poet, born at Norbury, Shropshire, lived as a country gentleman at Stone, Staffordshire. He wrote sonnets and pastoral...
Barr	Robert	Robert Barr British novelist, born at Glasgow; educated in Toronto, but returned to Britain in 1881. His chief works are: In the Midst of Alarm...
Barrantes	Vicente	Vicente Barrantes Spanish poet and publicist; member of the Spanish Academy (1872); author of satiric articles which brought a heavy fine on him for thei...
Barret	Wilson	Wilson Barret Actor, novelist, dramatist, and poet, was born in Essex. He made his début at Halifax in 1863, and in 1874 became manager of the Am...
Barrie	James Matthew	James Matthew Barrie Scotish novelist and dramatist, was born at Kirriemuir, Forfarshire; went to Nottingham in 1883 as leader-writer on the staff of the...
Barrili	Antonio Giulio	Antonio Giulio Barrili Italian writer, was born at Savona. After taking part in the military campaigns of 1859,1866-67, he devoted himself entire...
Barros	João De	João De Barros Portuguese historian, called the 'Livy of portugal.' In 1522 he was made governor of the colony of Elmina (Guinea), Western Africa a...
Barry	John Arthur	John Arthur Barry Australian novelist, spent twelve years at sea: was then golddigger and bushman. Has written Steve Brown`s Bunyip (1893), In th...
Bartas	Guillaume De Salluste	Guillaume De Salluste Bartas Sieur Du Guillaume De Salluste Bartas. French Huguenot poet. His chief work, La Semaine ou Création du Monde ...
Bartels	Adolf	Adolf Bartels German man of letters, has lived as a journalist in Berlin and Weimar; has written Geschichte der Deutschen Literatur (1901-2), D...
Barthélemy	Jean Jacques	Jean Jacques Barthélemy French writer and scholar, born at Cassis, in Provence. In 1753 he was appointed keeper of the Royal Cabinet of Medals. H...
Barton	Bernard	Bernard Barton The 'Quaker poet,' was a native of Carlisle. He first engaged in trade, but afterwards became a bank clerck at Woodbridge, in Suff...
Basse	William	William Basse William Basse, or Bas. Poet, was the author of numerous poems on country life. He lived most of his life near Thame, in Oxfordshire...
Baudelaire	Charles Pierre	Charles Pierre Baudelaire French poet, born in Paris; began his literary career as an art critic; later, became editor of a short-lived conservative jour...
Bauernfeld	Eduard Von	Eduard Von Bauernfeld Austrian dramatist and poet, served in the Austrian civil service, but retired in 1848. He is best Known as the author of l...
Baumbach	Rudolf	Rudolf Baumbach German poet, who has written the epic Zlatarog (1877), Lieder eines fahrenden Gesellen (1878-80), Spielmannslieder (...
Bayly	Thomas Haynes	Thomas Haynes Bayly English lyrical poet and miscellaneous writer, a native of Bath. Wrote a number of pieces for the stage (notably Perfection...
Baynes	Thomas Spencer	Thomas Spencer Baynes English man of letters, born at Wellington, Somerset became a pupil, at Edinburgh University, of Sir William Hamilton, whose class ...
Beaconsfield	Benjamin Disraeli	Benjamin Disraeli Beaconsfield Earl Of Benjamin Disraeli Beaconsfield. Prime minister of England, politician, and novelist, was the second of the four ch...
Beattie	James	James Beattie Scottish poet and miscellaneous writer, born at Laurencekirk, Kincardine; died at Aberdeen, where he was (1760) professor of moral philosop...
Beaumarchais	Pierre Augustin Caron De	Pierre Augustin Caron De Beaumarchais French dramatist and politician, was born in Paris. Marrying the widow of a court dignitary, he obtained be...
Beaumont	Francis	Francis Beaumont English dramatist was son of Francis Beaumont, a judge, and younger brother of Sir John Beaumont. From Broadgates Hall (now Pembroke Col...
Beaumont	John	John Beaumont Sir John Beaumont. English poet, was son of Francis Beaumont, a judge, and brother of Francis Beaumont the dramatist. He was born a...
Beaumont	Joseph	Joseph Beaumont English poet. His principal work is an allegorical epic entiled Psyche (1648), written in a six-line heroic stanza, and de...
Beausobre	Isaac De	Isaac De Beausobre French Huguenot pastor and writer, born at Niort. After the revocation of the Edict of Nantes he took refuge in Rotterdam. Cha...
Becke	George Louis	George Louis Becke Novelist, native of New South Wales; gained, while trading in the South Seas (1870-93), the experience which he has turned to good acc...
Beckford	William	William Beckford Author of Vathek, was born at Wiltshire. After a private education, he made the 'grand tour' on the Continent. His letter...
Becque	Henri François	Henri François Becque French dramatist, was a Parisian by birth. His earliest dramatic effort was an operatic libretto, Sardanapale, in 18...
Becquer	Gustavo Adolfo	Gustavo Adolfo Becquer Spanish man of letters, was a wayward genius of the romantic period greatly influenced by Heine and Byron. His picturesque...
Beddoes	Thomas Lovell	Thomas Lovell Beddoes English poet, first attracted attention by the publication of The Bride`s Tragedy (1822), a play directly inspired by the influence...
Beecher	Harriet Elizabeth	Harriet Elizabeth Beecher Mrs. Harriet Elizabeth Beecher (Stowe). American novelist, was born at Lichfield, Conn. In 1850 , when the anti-slavery...
Beeching	Henry Charles	Henry Charles Beeching English man of letters. From 1885 to 1900 he was rector of Yattendon, Berks, and in 1900 was appointed chaolain of Lincoln...
Beets	Nicolaas	Nicolaas Beets Dutch writer, born at Haarlem; was pastor of Heemstede (1840) and Utrecht (1854), and professor of theology (1875-84) at Utrecht Universit...
Behn	Aphra	Aphra Behn English dramatist and novelist, 'the George Sand of the restoration,' was driven after the death of her husband, a wealthy Dutch merchant, to ...
Bekker	Elisabeth	Elisabeth Bekker Dutch novelist and poetess, wrote in conjunction with Agatha Deken, what are practically the first modern Dutch novels ' Historie van...
Belasco	David	David Belasco American dramatist, is the author of a number of popular plays of a melodramatic type. He is a native of San Francisco, became an ac...
Belinsky	Visarion Grigorievitch	Visarion Grigorievitch Belinsky Russian literary critic, born at Chembar, gov. Penza; studied at the Moscow University, and entered early upon a journali...
Bell	Henry Thomas Mackenzie	Henry Thomas Mackenzie Bell Scottish poet and critic. He went to London in 1884, publishing in the same year Charles Whitehead, a monograph on th...
Bell	John	John Bell Publisher, and the pioneer of popular publications. In 1782 he issued a pocket edition of The Poets of Great Britain complete from C...
Bell	Robert	Robert Bell Irish journalist and miscellaneous writer, edited the London Atlas for many years, contributed the 'History of Russia' and 'ives of En...
Bellamy	Jacobus	Jacobus Bellamy Dutch poet, was born at Flushing. He was first apprenticed to a baker, but sent (1782) by a clergyman to Utrecht University. He p...
Bellay	Joachim Du	Joachim Du Bellay French poet, was born at lyré, near Angers. In 1548 he met Ronsard, with whom he formed a close friendship; he also joined the ...
Bellenden	John	John Bellenden Scottish poet and translator. Employed by James V. to translate Hector Boece's Latin History of Scotland, editions of which ...
Belli	Giuseppe Gioachino	Giuseppe Gioachino Belli Italian dialect poet, was born at Rome. In his youth he held a government post, and was secretary to a prince; but after...
Bellman	Karl Mikael	Karl Mikael Bellman Poet and improvisator, who used the pseudonym of Fredman, and is the most original figure in Swedish literature, was the prince of bo...
Bello	Francesco	Francesco Bello Italian epic poet. Known from his blindness as Cieco da Ferrara, lived at Mantua and Ferrera in great poverty. His poem in 45 can...
Belloy	Pierre Laurent Buirette De	Pierre Laurent Buirette De Belloy French dramatist, a native of Auvergne, entered the dramatic profession, and acted with success in Russia. At P...
Benedix	(Julius) Roderich	(Julius) Roderich Benedix German author, actor, and singer, went on the stage in 1831, and for the next tem years appeared in various towns. From...
Benger	Elizabeth Ogilvy	Elizabeth Ogilvy Benger English author, born at Wells, Somerset. Her chief works are a poem On the Slave Trade (1809), and the Memoirs ...
Benham	William	William Benham English theological writer, rector of St. Edmund's , Lombard Street, London, since 1882; was tutor in St.Mark's College, Chelsea (1857-64)...
Benson	Arthur Christopher	Arthur Christopher Benson English poet, second son of Archbishop Benson; since 1885 has been a master at Eton. His publications are: Me...
Benson	Edward Frederick	Edward Frederick Benson English novelist, third son of Archbishop Benson, worked at Athens for the British Archæological School (1892-5), and in Egypt fo...
Berceo	Gonzalo De	Gonzalo De Berceo Spanish poet, one of the earliest and most prolific of sacred poets in the vernacular, but drawing his inspiration largely in form from...
Berchet	Giovanni	Giovanni Berchet Italian poet, whose influence, both on the Italian romantic school and on the political ideas of his countrymen, was considerable. ...
Bergerac	Savinien Cyrano De	Savinien Cyrano De Bergerac French author, born at Bergerac; went to Paris, and served with distinction in the army (1639-41). Always of a turbul...
Bernard	William Bayle	William Bayle Bernard Anglo-American dramatist, the son of British parents, but born at Boston, Mass. From 1830 he produced plays and farses with...
Berners	John Bourchier	John Bourchier Berners John Bourchier Berner, second Baron. Statesman and author, time of Henry VII. and Henry VIII. He assisted in suppressing P...
Berni	Francesco	Francesco Berni Italian poet, travelled for some time with Ghiberti, whose secretary he had been, and in 1530 settled in Florence, where he gained the fa...
Besant	Walter	Walter Besant Sir Walter Besant. English novelist and author, was born at Portsmouth; became (1861) senior professor in the Royal College of Mauritius (t...
Beskow	Bernhard Von	Bernhard Von Beskow Baron Berbhard Von Beskow. Swedish author, a determined opponent of the Swedish new romanticists; held minor offices at court,...
Betham = Edwards	Matilda Barbara	Matilda Barbara Betham = Edwards Matilda Barbara Betham Edwards. English novelist and poet. Published The White House by the Sea (1855),
Bettelheim	Anton	Anton Bettelheim Austrian man of letters, born at Vienna. Worked as a journalist (1881-6); has distinguished himself as biographer and literary cr...
Betterton	Thomas	Thomas Betterton English actor, dramatist, and theatrical manager, was born at Westminster. He appeared at the Cockpit Theatre about 1659-61. A v...
Bettinelli	Saverio	Saverio Bettinelli Italian writer, was born at Mantua. A Jesuit, he was successively teacher of rhetoric at Venice (1748), of history and literat...
Beyerlein	Franz Adam	Franz Adam Beyerlein German dramatist and novelist, born at Meissen. He wrote two of the greatest successes of the year 1903, the play Zapfenst...
Beyle	Marie Henri	Marie Henri Beyle French author, Known under the pseudonym of 'Stendhal' (from Stendal, the home of Winckelmann, whom he greatly admired), was born at Gr...
Beyschlag	Wilibald	Wilibald Beyschlag German evangelical writer, and professor of theology at Halle (1860-1900). He has published numerous works, including:Die...
Beöthy	Zsolt	Zsolt Beöthy Hungarian author, born at Komorn; professor (1882) of the fine arts at Budapest University. Since 1870 he was published several meri...
Bhartrihari		Bhartrihari *A Hindu poet who is believed to have flourished in the 1st century. He is reputed author of the Three Centuries* (Satakas...
Bhavabhuti		Bhavabhuti **A celebrated Indian dramatist of the 7th and 8th centuries, who, with Kalidasa and Harsha, completes the great dramatic trio. Three...
Bibbiena	%20	%20 Bibbiena Cardinal Bibbiena. Italian prelate and comic writer, whose real name was Bernardo Dovizi, but who was generally called Bibbiena, from ...
Bickerdyke	John	John Bickerdyke John Bickerdyke - nom de plume of Charles Henry Cook. English novelist, journalist, and writer on angling and other sports; b...
Bickerstaffe	Isaac	Isaac Bickerstaffe Dramatist, was a native of Ireland. His most successful works were Love in a Village (1762), a comic opera; and Maid...
Bigland	John	John Bigland Miscellaneous writer, born at Skirlaw, Yorkshire. Acted as village schoolmaster until the publication of his first work, Reflectio...
Bikelas	Dimitrios	Dimitrios Bikelas Greek poet and historian, born at Hermoupolis, on the island of Syra. He published Stichoi (1862), a collection of poems; Lo...
Bilderdijk	Willem	Willem Bilderdijk Dutch poet, born at Amsterdam, and studied at Leyden (1780). He practised law at the Hague till 1786, then went to Germany and ...
Bilse		Bilse *Lieutenant Bilse. An officer in the German army who wrote a book (1903) entiled Aus einer Kleinen Garnison*, throwing a lurid light ...
Bingham	Joseph	Joseph Bingham Author of the Origines Ecclesiasticæ, or the Antiquities of the Christian Church, was born at Wakefield. In 1695 an unjust imputat...
Binyon	Laurence	Laurence Binyon English poet and writer on art. He won the Newdigate prize in 1890 (the subject of the poem being 'Persephone'), and became assis...
Bion	%20	%20 Bion A poet of the Alexandrian period of Greek literarure, a contemporary of Theocritus, and the friend and master of Moschus, who wrote an elegy on ...
Biondi	Giovanni Francesco	Giovanni Francesco Biondi Sir Giovanni Francesco Biondi. Romance writer, born at Lesina, off Dalmatia; passed from the Venetian to the English dipl...
Birch	Samuel	Samuel Birch English dramatist, was a London pastrycook, who became lord mayor (1814). He was a strong supporter of Pitt's administration, but re...
Birch = Pfeiffer	Charlotte	Charlotte Birch = Pfeiffer German actress and dramatic writer, was born at Stuttgart. She became one of the leading actresses; in 1837 manager of...
Bird	Robert Montgomery	Robert Montgomery Bird American author, was born at Newcastle, Delaware. He early turned his attention to literature, and wrote three successful ...
Bisson	Alexandre Charles Auguste	Alexandre Charles Auguste Bisson Writer of French comedy. Several of his plays have been produced in England in adapted form. Among these are U...
Björnson	Björnstjerne	Björnstjerne Björnson Norwegian poet, dramatist, and novelist, was born in Osterdalen, and educated at Molde and the University of Christiania. ...
Black	William	William Black Novelist, was born in Glasgow, where he studied art. In 1864 he removed to London, where he joined the staff of the Morning Star. H...
Blacklock	Thomas	Thomas Blacklock Scottish poet, born at Annan; lost his sight by smallpox while still an infant. He is remembered chiefly for the fact that a let...
Blackmore	Richard	Richard Blackmore Sir Richard Blackmore. English court physician and author, was born in Wiltshire. He became physician-in-ordinary to William II...
Blackmore	Richard Doddridge	Richard Doddridge Blackmore Sir Richard Doddridge Blackmore. English novelist. Clara Vaughan, his first novel, appeared in 1864, succeeded ...
Blackwood	Adam	Adam Blackwood Scotish writer, born at Dunfermline. Studied at Paris, and as reward for his De Vinculo (1575), a justification of religious...
Blair	Robert	Robert Blair Scottish divine and poet, was born in Edinburgh, the eldest son of the Rev. Robert Blair. Was in 1731 presented to the living of Athe...
Blake	William	William Blake English mystic, poet, painter, and engraver, was born at 28 Broad Street, Golden Square, London, the son of a hosier whose real patronymic ...
Blakey	Robert	Robert Blakey English miscellaneous writer, was born at Morpeth. After an unsuccessful period as editor and proprietor of the Northern Liberator ...
Blamire	Susana	Susana Blamire English poetess, born at Cardew Hall, near Carlisle. As many of her poems were written in conjunction with Catharine Gilpon of Sca...
Bleibtreu	Karl	Karl Bleibtreu German man of letters. Has written, with a good deal of turbulent force, descriptions of battles (Dies Iræ....Sedan, 5th ed....
Blessington	Marguerite	Marguerite Blessington Countess Marguerite Blessington. Irish novelist and writer. Was an intimate friend of Lord Byron; held a little court for m...
Blicher	Steen Steensen	Steen Steensen Blicher Danish novelist and poet. From 1819 he led the life of a poor parson, till his growing needs forced him to produce those w...
Bloomfield	Robert	Robert Bloomfield English poet, born in Suffolk, was first an agricultural labourer, and then a shoemaker in London. During a short residence in ...
Blount	Thomas	Thomas Blount English miscellaneous writer, born at Bordesley. Was educated for the law, but, being a Roman Catholic, did not practise. He was the...
Blunt	John Henry	John Henry Blunt English writer of theological and ecclesiastical books. Taking orders in 1852, he was presented with the crown living of Beverst...
Blunt	Wilfrid Scawen	Wilfrid Scawen Blunt English poet, born at Petworth House, Sussex. Served in the British diplomatic service from 1858 to 1870. Blunt upheld the ca...
Bocage	Manoel Maria Barbosa Du	Manoel Maria Barbosa Du Bocage Portuguese poet, born at Setubal. Entered first the navy, where he remained until 1790, and after that devoted hims...
Boccaccio	Giovanni	Giovanni Boccaccio Great Italian writer and humanist, was born at Paris, the natural son of a Florentine merchant. In 1334 (or 1338) he fell in lo...
Boccage	Marie Anne Fiquet Du	Marie Anne Fiquet Du Boccage French poetess, born at Rlouen, Emulating Milton. She wrote Paradis Terrestre (1748); the poem Columbiade
Boccalini	Trajano	Trajano Boccalini Italian satirist, born at Loreto; became governor of several cities under the papal see (1608-11). In 1612-13 appeared his Ragg...
Bodenstedt	Friedrich Martin Von	Friedrich Martin Von Bodenstedt German poet and dramatist; taught in Russia (1841-7), and became (1854) professor of Slavonic languages and (1858) of Old...
Bodtcher	Ludvig	Ludvig Bodtcher Danish poet. Spent most of his earlier life in Italy with the Danish artists, including Thorwaldsen. It was largely through his ef...
Boiardo	Matteo Maria	Matteo Maria Boiardo Matteo Maria Boiardo - count of Scandiano. Italian poet, born near Reggio, in Emilia; appointed governor of Reggio (1478), of ...
Boileau = Despréaux	Nicolas	Nicolas Boileau = Despréaux French poet and critic, born in Paris, studied successively for the church and the bar, but in 1657 determined to devote hims...
Boisgobey	Fortuné Du	Fortuné Du Boisgobey French novelist of the school of Gaboriau, born at Granville in Normandy. For some time paymaster in the Algerian army, he d...
Boissier	Marie Louis Gaston	Marie Louis Gaston Boissier French writer, born at Nîmes. Professor of rhetoric at Angoulême (1846-56); became professor of Latin elocution in the...
Boito	Arrigo	Arrigo Boito Italian composer and poet, was born at Padua. After receiving a musical education at Milan, Boito, with a fellow-pupil, Faccio, comp...
Bolintineanu	Dimitrie	Dimitrie Bolintineanu Roumanian poet, born at Bolintin, near Bucharest. He founded the Dimbovitza (1861), in which he vigourously sustaine...
Bondi	Clemente	Clemente Bondi Italian poet and Jesuit, born at Mezzano in Parma. After the suppression of his order he devoted himself to literature, and became...
Boner	Charles	Charles Boner English poet and traveller, born at Bath; lived on the Continent from 1840, and was, after 1865, correspondent at Vienna and other places o...
Boothby	Guy Newell	Guy Newell Boothby Sensational novelist, was born at Adelaide, Australia, which continent he crossed (1891) from north to south. ''''Among his no...
Bormann	Edwin	Edwin Bormann German humurous poet. Has written in classic High German Schwalbenbriefe (1885; 19th ed.1894), Schwalbenpostkarten (18...
Bosboom = Toussaint	Anna Louisa Gertruida	Anna Louisa Gertruida Bosboom = Toussaint Dutch novelist, born at Alkmaar, and spent most of her life (1851-86) at the Hague. Wife of the painter ...
Boscan = Almogaver	Juan	Juan Boscan = Almogaver Spanish poet, served as a soldier in Italy until 1519, when he returned to Spain, and became tutor (1520-6) to the great Duke of ...
Boswell	Alexander	Alexander Boswell Antiquary and poet, was born at Auchinleck, Ayrshire. The eldest son of James Boswell, he succeeded to Auchinleck in 1795, and ...
Boucicault	Dionysius Laedner	Dionysius Laedner Boucicault Dionysius 'Dion' Lardner Boucicault. Irish dramatist author. Made his first appearence at the Princess's in 1852, and...
Bouflers	Stanislas	Stanislas Bouflers Marquis De Bouflers. French poet, born at Nancy. He became a marshal (1784), governor of Senegal (1785), and member of the Fre...
Bouilly	Jean Nicolas	Jean Nicolas Bouilly French dramatist and author, was born near Tours. The sentimental vein in his works procured him the surname of the poète...
Bourne	Vincent	Vincent Bourne Latin poet, became a master at Westminster, where Cowper was one of his pupils. In 1734 was appointed deputy serjeantat-arms to the...
Bouterwek	Friedrich	Friedrich Bouterwek German philosopher, poet, and critic, was appointed professor of philosophy at Göttingen in 1797. He wrote Ideen zu einer ...
Bowles	William Lisle	William Lisle Bowles English poet and antiquary, was rector of Bremhill in Wiltshire from 1804 to his death, and (from 1828) canon residentiary of Salisb...
Bowyer	George	George Bowyer Sir George Bowyer. English jurist and Catholic controversial writer. Was called to the bar of the Middle Temple (1839); became reade...
Boyer	Abel	Abel Boyer Miscellaneous writer, translator and adapter of Racine and Fénélon, and author of the long popular Dictionnaire Royal (French and English). ...
Bracciolini	Francesco	Francesco Bracciolini Italian poet, born at Pistoja, enjoyed the patronage of Cardinal Maffeo Barberini, who became Pope Urban VIII. He produced ...
Braddon	Mary Elizabeth	Mary Elizabeth Braddon English novelist, daughter of a London solicitor, was born in 1837. In 1860 the Strand Theatre produced her comedietta ...
Bradshaw	Henry	Henry Bradshaw English poet, was a native of Chester and monk of the Benedictine monastery of St. Werburgh's , and passed his course in theology at Glouc...
Brady	Nicholas	Nicholas Brady Divine and poet, born at Bandon, Ireland Became rector of St. Catherine Cree, London, and from 1696 to his death, of Richmond, Surr...
Braid	James	James Braid Scottish writer on hypnotism, was led to a scientific examination of this subject by La Fontaine's lectures in Manchester (1841), where he pr...
Brandes	Carl Edvard Cohen	Carl Edvard Cohen Brandes Danish author, brother of Georg Brandes. Distinguished himself early as an Orientalist and original dramatist, as a memb...
Brant	Sebastian	Sebastian Brant Sebastian Brant, or Brandt. German poet and humanist, went to Besel in 1746; licentiate of canon law (1481), and doctor of law (1489). ...
Brathwaite	Richard	Richard Brathwaite English poet, was a Westmorland man. Going to London, he started at once as a poet and dramatist, and continued to produce in ...
Bray	Anna Eliza	Anna Eliza Bray English novelist. Of her novels, some are concerned with foreign life, others (the most popular) with the history of the great De...
Bredahl	Christian Hviid	Christian Hviid Bredahl Danish poet, born and died a poor peasant. An opponent both of the romantic poetry of Oehlenschläger and of the realistic ...
Bremer	Frederika	Frederika Bremer Swedish novelist, was born at Tuorla, near Åbo, in Finland. In 1828 appeared Axel och Anna, the first of a whole series of roman...
Breton	Nicholas	Nicholas Breton English poet and pamphleteer, was son of a London merchant, and stepson of George Gascoigne. Some charming pastoral lyrics in the...
Breton de los Herreros	Manuel	Manuel Breton de los Herreros Spanish scholar and dramatist. Perpetual secretary to the Royal Spanish Academy and chief on the National Library; a...
Brewer	John Sherren	John Sherren Brewer English historical writer, was chaplain to the workhouse of St.Giles-in-the-Fields and St. George, Bloomsbury, London (1837). ...
Brialmont	Henry Alexis	Henry Alexis Brialmont Belgian general and writer on fortification, was born at Venloo. Entering the army in 1843, he was in 1847 entrusted with ...
Bridges	Robert Seymour	Robert Seymour Bridges English poet and critic, was born at Walmer, Kent. He studied medicine at St.Bartholomew's, London, and practised in Londo...
Brierley	Benjamin	Benjamin Brierley Writer and poet in the Lancashire dialect, was born at Failsworth, near Manchester. In 1863 he became sub-editor of the Oldh...
Brieux	Eugène	Eugène Brieux French dramatic author, born at Paris. He wrote his first play, Bernard Palissy, in 1880, but only became known in 1890, when his ...
Brillat = Savarin	Anthelme	Anthelme Brillat = Savarin French writer and magistrate, born at Belley. Is known by his Physiologie du Goût (1825; Eng. trans. 1884, as
Brinckman	John	John Brinckman Writer in Low German (Platt-Deutsch). Was a schoolmaster most of his life, but wrote popular stories - e.g. Kasper Ohm un ik (1854 ...
Brink	Jan Ten	Jan Ten Brink Dutch critic and novelist, born at Appingadam. Taught for a time (1860) at Batavia, Java, then (1862) at the Hague, and in 1884 beca...
Britton	John	John Britton English antiquary, topographer, and miscellaneous writer. Produced his first work, The Adventures of Pizarro, in 1799. In 1801...
Brockes	Barthold Heinrich	Barthold Heinrich Brockes German poet, born at Hamburg, where, returning in 1704 after a journey in Europe, he was elected to the senate. After car...
Brodzinski	Kazimierz	Kazimierz Brodzinski Polish poet; born at Krolówka, Galicia. He joined the French army (1809), fought in the Russian campaign (1812-13), and was ...
Brome	Richard	Richard Brome Dramatist, was probably of humble birth. In 1614 he was 'man' or servant to Bem Jonson. He took to dramatic writing collaborating w...
Brooke	Henry	Henry Brooke Irish author, published his first work - Universal Beauty, a poem - in 1735. He wrote several tragedies - e.g. Gustavos Va...
Brougham	John	John Brougham Irish dramatist and actor, was born in Dublin. Besides acting he undertook theatrical management, first in London and afterwards in...
Broughton	Rhoda	Rhoda Broughton Novelist, was born in Denbighshire. She started novel-writing with a work entitled Not Wisely but Too Well (1867), in whic...
Brown	Charles Brockden	Charles Brockden Brown The first prominent American novelist, was born of Quaker parentage at Philadelphia. His first attempt at literature, A...
Brown	Horatio Robert Forbes	Horatio Robert Forbes Brown Writer on Venice, was born at Nice. Has published: Life on the Lagoons (1884; 3rd ed.1899); Ve...
Brown	Thomas	Thomas Brown Satirist, generally styled 'Tom' Brown, author of numerous dialogues and other miscellanies, was a native of Shropshire. As a studen...
Brown	Thomas Edward	Thomas Edward Brown Schoolmaster and poet, was born at Douglas, Isle of Man. After taking orders and serving as vice-principal of King William's ...
Browne	William	William Browne English pastoral poet, was born at Tavistock. His poetic years were 1613-16, during which he produced Britannia's Pastorals, a rur...
Browning	Elizabeth Barrett	Elizabeth Barrett Browning Women-poet. Born at Coxhoe, in the county of Durham, on March 6, 1806. Conflicting evidence both as to place and exact ...
Browning	Robert	Robert Browning By many held to be the greatest English dramatic poet since Shakespeare, and all but universally admitted to be one of the two greatest p...
Bruce	Michael	Michael Bruce Scotish poet, born at Kinnesswood, Kinross-shire. Became schoolmaster at Gairney Brigde, near Loch Leven, and at Forrest Mill, Clack...
Brueys	David Augustin De	David Augustin De Brueys French dramatist and theologian, was born at Aix. Educated in the religious principles of the Calvinists, he engaged in ...
Brunamonti	Maria Alinda	Maria Alinda Brunamonti Italian poetess, born in Perugia. Ppublished her first book in 1856, and between 1859 and 1878 issued various Canti Naz...
Bryant	William Cullen	William Cullen Bryant American poet and journalist, was born in Hampshire, Massachusetts. In 1815 he was admitted to the bar, settling soon after...
Buchanan	Robert Williams	Robert Williams Buchanan Poet, novelist, and dramatist, was born in Warwickshire, of Scottish parents. His first volume of poems, Undertones
Buckstone	John Baldwin	John Baldwin Buckstone English actor and dramatist, was born at Hoxton, London. He was articled to a solicitor, but in 1820 abandoned law for the...
Bulthaupt	Heinrich	Heinrich Bulthaupt German poet and dramatist, born at Bremen, where he became (1879) librarian of the municipal library. He belongs to the school...
Bungener	Louis Félix	Louis Félix Bungener French Protestant theological writer, born at Marseilles, of German descent. He studied theology at Genova, and taught there...
Bunkimachandra Chatterrji		Bunkimachandra Chatterrji Bunkimachandra Chatterrji - or Bankim Chandra Chatterji. Bengali novelist. First graduate of Calcutta University;...
Burchiello		Burchiello Italian poet, whose real name was DOMENICO DI GIOVANNI, and who received his nickname from a certain portion of his poems, which deal with th...
Burgin	George B.	George B. Burgin Novelist and journalist. He accompanied Baker Pasha to Asia Minor as secretary of the Reform Commission in Armenia. In addition ...
Burgon	John William	John William Burgon British ecclesiastical writer, was born at Smyrna. From 1863-76 he was vicar of St.Mary the Virgin, Oxford; from 1868-75, Gre...
Burgoyne	John	John Burgoyne English soldier and dramatist. Entering Parliament in 1768, he criticised the War Office and foreign policy, and by his political c...
Burnand	Francis Cowley	Francis Cowley Burnand Sir Francis Cowley Burnand. English dramatic author, and editor of Punch. He is the author of nearly one hundred dramatic ...
Burnett	Frances Hodgson	Frances Hodgson Burnett English novelist, spent her early life in Manchester, and there gained her Knowledge of Lancashire scenes and dialect. In...
Burney	Frances D' Arley	Frances D' Arley Burney Born at King's Lynn, where her father, Dr. Charles Burney, was then organist. She accompanied her father to London in 1760, and a...
Burns	Robert	Robert Burns Scottish poet, was the son of a gardener, and was born at Alloway, near Ayr, Scotland. In order to keep his family together, William Burns l...
Burnside	Helen Marion	Helen Marion Burnside English artist and poet. She has exhibited at the Royal Academy (1863), Columbian exposition (1895), and Society of Lady Arti...
Butler	Josephine E.	Josephine E. Butler Mrs. Josephine E. Butler, neé Grey. English author, was born at Milfield, on the Cheviot Hills. Her name is associated w...
Butler	Samuel	Samuel Butler English poet, was born at Strensham, Worcestershire, and educated at Worcester Cathedral School. His first occupation was that of s...
Bürger	Gottfried August	Gottfried August Bürger German poet. In 1772 he receveid an appointment as amtmann at Altengleichen, near Göttingen; this post he resigned ...
Byrne	Julia Clara	Julia Clara Byrne English social writer, was the sister of Hans Busk (p.1041). Her works include: Flemish Interiors (1856),
Byron	George Gordon Noel	George Gordon Noel Byron Lord Byron. One of the great poets and literary, forces of the 19th century, was born in Holles Street, London. His father...
Byron	Henry James	Henry James Byron English dramatist and actor, born in Manchester, was the author of nearly 150 pieces (comprising comedies, farses, burlesques, and pant...
Bögh	Erik	Erik Bögh Danish author. From 1855-60 artistic director of the Casino Theatre at Copenhagen; from 1860-77 editor of Folkets Avis, which he made th...
Börjesson	Johan	Johan Börjesson Swedish dramatist. First made himself as a lyric poet in the school of the Fosforists, but in 1820 ceased to write for twenty-fiv...
Böttiger	Carl Vilhelm	Carl Vilhelm Böttiger Swedish author; professor of æsthetics (1856) and modern literature (1858) at University of Upsala. Early published several ...
Caballero	Fernan	Fernan Caballero Fernan Caballero - pen-name of Cecilia Francisca Josefa Bohl De Faber. Spanish novelist, of German parentage, until recently one o...
Cable	George Washington	George Washington Cable American writer, born in New Orleans, of blended New England and Virginian stock. After fighting for the Confederat...
Caffyn	Kathleen Mannington	Kathleen Mannington Caffyn Novelist, who writes under the name of 'Iota', was born in Co. Tipperary, Ireland. She has lived several years in Austr...
Caine	Thomas Henry Hall	Thomas Henry Hall Caine Novelist and dramatist, was born at Runcorn, Cheshire, but his early years were spent in the Isle of Man. For some years h...
Caird	Mona	Mona Caird English novelist and writer on social questions, was born in the Isle of Wight. Her articles on 'Marriage' in the Westminster Review (...
Calderon	Serafin Estébanez	Serafin Estébanez Calderon Serafin Estébanez Calderon - 'EL SOLITARIO'. Spanish writer, whose fame rests upon a series of exquisite sketches of An...
Calderon de la Barca	Pedro	Pedro Calderon de la Barca Spanish poet and dramatist, was born in Madrid. Although he is said to have written a play at the age of thirteen, he ...
Callimachus		Callimachus Scholar and poet, was born at Cyrene, and lived at Alexandria, where he was in charge of the famous library from about 260 to 240 B.C. ...
Callinus		Callinus The earliest extant writer of elegiac poetry in Greece; indeed, the inventation of that metre is usually attributed either to him or to Archilo...
Calpurnius Siculus		Calpurnius Siculus A Roman poet of the 1st century A.D. Little or nothing is known of his life. His works consist of seven eclogues (four others ...
Calverley	Charles Stuart	Charles Stuart Calverley English poet, born at Martley, Worcestershire, his surname originally being Blayds. In 1862 he published Verses and T...
Calvo	Bonifaci	Bonifaci Calvo An Italian troubadour of Genoese extraction, who wrote in Provençal, and flourished probably about 1250-70. Living for a time in S...
Camoens	Luiz De	Luiz De Camoens Luiz De Camoens, or Camões. The greatest of Portuguese poets, was born at Lisbon in 1524. When only sixteen he had already writte...
Campan	Jeanne Louise Henriette	Jeanne Louise Henriette Campan French educational writer, born in Paris. He was at fifteen appointed reader to the daughters of Louis XV.; and bec...
Campbell	John	John Campbell Baron John Campbell - British judge and biographer, born at Cupar-Fife, was called to the bar in 1806, for a time also serving on the staff...
Campbell	John Francis	John Francis Campbell Better known as 'Campbell of Islay', was born in Islay, and died at Cannes. He was a keen and diligent collector of Highland...
Campbell	Thomas	Thomas Campbell British poet, was born in Glasgow. He became a tutor first in Mull, and aferwards at Downie, near Lochgilphead, and thereafter (179...
Camphuysen	Dirk Rafaelsz	Dirk Rafaelsz Camphuysen Dutch poet, born at Gorinchem, was a teacher and pastor (1616), but was deprived (1619) of his living because of his Arminian vi...
Campion	Thomas	Thomas Campion English poet and composer of music. He seems to have become a member of Gray's Inn, but turned from law, and practised as a physic...
Campoamor	Ramon	Ramon Campoamor Ramon Campoamor y Campoosorio. Spanish man of letters and politician, born at Navia in Asturias. He is one of the most...
Cañete	Manuel	Manuel Cañete Spanish man of letters. Strongly conservative in politics, his courtly poems are now largely forgotten, though some of his lighter v...
Canitz	Friedrich Rudolf Ludwig Von	Friedrich Rudolf Ludwig Von Canitz German poet, born at Berlin. Opponent of the mannerisms and extravagance of the second Silesian school, and the ...
Canth	Minna	Minna Canth Finnish dramatist and novelist, one of the most talented and enlightened writers of her country. Was the wife of a schoolmaster, and w...
Cantù	Cesare	Cesare Cantù Italian historian and novelist, was born at Brivio, near Milan, and was for a short time professor of the Italian language and literature at...
Capel	Thomas John	Thomas John Capel Roman Catholic clergyman, one of the founders and vice-principal of St. Marys Normal College, Hammersmith, then (1874-8) rector of Roma...
Capella	Martianus Mineus Felix	Martianus Mineus Felix Capella A Roman writer of the 5th century. His Satyricon, an encyclopædic compilation drawing its material mostly fr...
Capern	Edward	Edward Capern English poet, born at Tiverton, Devonshire. Under the pseudonymof 'the Rural Postman of Bideford', he published: Po...
Capes	Bernard	Bernard Capes British novelist; writer of historical romances and detective fiction, although he also wrote a substantial number of ghost stories. ...
Capmany y de Montpalau	Antonio De	Antonio De Capmany y de Montpalau Spanish man of letters, born at Barcelona, whose principal works are: Teatro Historico Critico de la El...
Capuana	Luigi	Luigi Capuana Italian novelist and critic, was born at Mineo in Catania (Sicily); has written dramatic and literary criticism, also a number of novels an...
Capus	Alfred	Alfred Capus French journalist and dramatist, a native of Aix. His faculty of observation and his wit made his contributions sought after by the c...
Caragiale	Joan Luca	Joan Luca Caragiale Roumanian dramatist and novelist; born in the village of Margineni (Prahova district). His comedies are the best in the langu...
Carcano	Giulio	Giulio Carcano Italian poet and novelist, born at Milan. In 1839 he published Angiola Maria, which marks the beginning of the domestic novel in It...
Cardale	John Bate	John Bate Cardale One of the founders (1835) and the first apostle of the Catholic Apostolic Church. In 1842 he compiled the liturgy then adopted,...
Cardinal von Widdern	Georg	Georg Cardinal von Widdern German military writer, was born at Wollstein, in Posen; took part in the campaigns of 1866 and 1870-1; was professor at the m...
Carducci	Giusuè	Giusuè Carducci Italian poet, born at Valdicastello, near Pietrasanta, Tuscany. His boyhood was spent near the Pisan Maremma, and it is probable t...
Carew	Thomas	Thomas Carew English poet, of Cornish blood, but born at W.Wickham, in Kent; accompanied his Kinsman, Sir Dudley Carleton, to Italy and the Hague. ...
Carey	Henry	Henry Carey English poet and musician, is believed to have been the illegitimate son of George Savile, Marquis of Halifax. His first volume appea...
Carey	Rosa Nouchette	Rosa Nouchette Carey Writer of stories for girls, born in London. She began her career as a novelist in 1868, and since then has produced about thi...
Carit Etlar		Carit Etlar Carit Etlar, the pen-name of the Danish novelist and dramatist John Karl Christian Brosböll, who was born at Fredericia. He was one ...
Carlén	Emilia	Emilia Carlén Swedish novelist, better known as FLYGARE-CARLÉN, who was born at Strömstad, and whose many works portray popular life and customs, especia...
Carleton	Will	Will Carleton American poet, born in Michigan. He has written poems of American pioneer life well adapted for recitation : Farm Ballads
Carleton	William	William Carleton Irish novelist, born at Prillisk, Co. Tyrone. He published, in 1830, Traits and Stories of the Irish Peasantry (2n...
Carman	Bliss	Bliss Carman Canadian poet, a native of New Brunswick, Canada. As a journalist, he has published several volumes of poems, including : ...
Caro	Annibale	Annibale Caro Italian writer, born at Civitanova (March of Ancona). In 1543 he entered the service of the Farnesi at Parma and Rome, and remained...
Carrer	Luigi	Luigi Carrer Italian poet and scholar, born at Venice; held professorships of philosophy at Padua (1830) and at Venice (1844), and was subsequently appoi...
Carrington	Henry Beebee	Henry Beebee Carrington American soldier and author, born at Wallingford, Connecticut. He successfully quelled several risings among the Indians. ...
Carroll	Lewis	Lewis Carroll Lewis Carroll - pseudonym of CHARLES LUTWIDGE DODGSON. English mathematician and writer of fairy tales, born at Daresbury, Che...
Carter	Elizabeth	Elizabeth Carter English poetess and Greek schoolar, born at Deal. She became a linguist, studying Portuguese and Arabic, and translated Epictetus...
Carton	R.C.	R.C. Carton R.C. Carton - pseudonym of R.D. CRITCHETT. English dramatist, first attracted the London public by his serio-comic Liberty Hall,...
Cartwright	William	William Cartwright English divine, poet and dramatist, born at Northway, Gloucestershire; became reader in metaphysics at Oxford (1635). He took ...
Carvajal	Thomas José Gonzales De	Thomas José Gonzales De Carvajal Spanish functionary and poet, born at Seville. A sturdy opponent of the new romantic school of poetry fashionabl...
Cary	Alice	Alice Cary American writer, born near Cincinnati, Ohio. Her rural sketches first attracted attention. Her writings are characterized by grace and ...
Casa	Giovanni Della	Giovanni Della Casa Italian writer, born in the Mugello valley, near Florence. Pope Paul III. made him archbishop of Benevento and nuncio at Venice (1544...
Castaldi	Pamfilo	Pamfilo Castaldi Italian humanist and poet, born at Feltre in Lombardy. He founded there a school in which he taught literature and the Italian l...
Castellanos	Juan De	Juan De Castellanos Spanish poet, born at Tunja, best known as the author of Elegías de Varones Ilustres de Indias (1589), a rhyming chronicle of ...
Castello-Branco	Camillo	Camillo Castello-Branco Viscount of Correia-Botelho. Portuguese author, born at Lisbon, the most popular and the most national of modern Portugues...
Casti	Giambattista	Giambattista Casti Italian poet, born at Prato; Studied at the seminary of Montefiascone. Entering the service of the Emperor Joseph II., he was ...
Castiglione	Baldassare	Baldassare Castiglione Count Baldassare Castiglione. Italian writer, born at Casanatico; entered the service, successively, of several Italian rulers, in...
Castilho	Antonio Feliciano	Antonio Feliciano Castilho Vicomte De Antonio Feliciano Castilho. Portuguese poet, born at Lisbon. Although he became blind at the age of six ye...
Castillejo	Cristoval De	Cristoval De Castillejo Spanish poet, born at Ciudad Rodrigo. He is one of the last representatives of the old Spanish school, and fought against ...
Castro y Bellvis	Guillen De	Guillen De Castro y Bellvis Spanish poet and dramatist, a friend of both Cervantes and Lope de Veja. Though iacking in invention, he is by many c...
Catlin	George	George Catlin American painter and writer, born at Wilkesbarre, Pennsylvania. He lived for years (1832-40) among the American Indians, to record ...
Cats	Jacob	Jacob Cats Dutch poet, born at Brouwershaven (Zeeland). After filling civil appointments in Holland, he was sent in 1627 as ambassador to London;...
Catullus	Gaius Valerius	Gaius Valerius Catullus A native of Verona, was one of the greatest Roman poets. He lived an irregular and extravagant life in Rome, and accompan...
Cavalcanti	Guido	Guido Cavalcanti Italian poet, born at Florence of a Guelf family. In 1300, when yhe Guelfs split up into the Blacks and Whites, and the former w...
Cavalotti	Felice	Felice Cavalotti Italian writer and politician, born at Milan. Was always opposed to the government of the day, first against foreign rule (when he...
Caylus	Anne Claude Philippe De Tubières	Anne Claude Philippe De Tubières Caylus Comte De Caylus. Born at Paris; served in Spain in the war of the Austrian Succession. He was a mos...
Cech	Svatopluk	Svatopluk Cech Bohemian poet, born at Ostredec. He was editor of several papers, since 1879 of the Kvêty. Cech is at the present time the most po...
Celakovsky	Frantisek Ladislav	Frantisek Ladislav Celakovsky Bohemian poet and philologist, born at Strakonitz; filled the chair of Slav philology at Breslau (1842) and at Prague (1849...
Celano	Thomas De	Thomas De Celano Latin poet, born at Celano in the Abruzzi; Franciscan friar, disciple and biographer of St Francis of Assisi, he was also custodian of ...
Centlivre	Susannah	Susannah Centlivre English actress and dramatist, was the daughter of a Lincolnshire gentleman named Freeman. Her first drama, The Perjured Hu...
Cervantes = Saavedra	Miguel De	Miguel De Cervantes = Saavedra Spanish novelist, poet, and dramatist, born at Alcalá de Henares. He was educated under the famous humanist, Juan ...
Cesarotti	Melchiore	Melchiore Cesarotti Italian writer, born at Padua, where he was appointed professor of Greek and Hebrew (1768), a position he held for the remainder of h...
Cespedes	Pablo De	Pablo De Cespedes Spanish painter, architect, and poet, born at Cordova. In early life was distinguished as a scientist and linguist. Later on he ...
Challemel	Paul Amand	Paul Amand Challemel Paul Amand Challemel (or Lacour). French statesman and writer, was born at Avranches; became professor of philosophy at Pau an...
Challoner	Richard	Richard Challoner English Roman Catholic prelate, born al Lewes; was sent to the College at Douay (1704), where he taught poetry in 1712; remained as pro...
Chaloner	Thomas	Thomas Chaloner Sir Thomas Chaloner. The elder, English diplomatist, born in London, educated at Oxford, and entered the service of Henry VIII. S...
Chamberlain	Houston Stewart	Houston Stewart Chamberlain Anglo-German writer, born at Portsmouth. He was a lecturer on philosophy at the University of Vienna, and in 1899 publ...
Chambers	Charles Haddon	Charles Haddon Chambers Dramatic author, born at Sydney, N.S.W., and after a varied experience of life as a civil servant, stock rider, and traveller, se...
Chambers	Robert	Robert Chambers Scotish publisher and author, younger brother of William Chambers, was born at Peebles, settled to the publishing business in Edinburgh, ...
Chamisso	Adalbert Von	Adalbert Von Chamisso German author, whose real name was Louis Charles Adelaïde de Chamisso. He was born at Boncourt, Champagne, his family being o...
Champleury	%20	%20 Champleury Called Jules Fleury-Husson. French writer, born at Laon. He came at an early age to Paris, and joined the circle of Baudelaire, Hen...
Champneys	Basil	Basil Champneys English architect and author, born at Lichfield. Among the public buildings of his designing are the Divinity and Literary Schools...
Chapelain	Jean	Jean Chapelain French literary critic came into notice through his preface to the Adone of Marino (1623). He was long looked upon as 'le p...
Chapman	George	George Chapman English dramatic poet of the second period of the Elizabethan era, born near Hitchin, Hertforshire. A protégé of Prince Henry of W...
Chapone	Hester	Hester Chapone Hester Chapone, née Mulso. English essayist, a prominent admirer of Richardson the novelist. Her Letters on the Improvement of the ...
Charles	Duke of Orleans	Duke of Orleans Charles A grandson of Charles V. of France, was taken prisoner at Agincourt, and remained a prisoner in England from 1415-40, where he be...
Charrière	Isabelle Thuyll Van	Isabelle Thuyll Van Charrière French writer, born at Utrecht in Holland; was on friendly terms with Benjamin Constant. She wrote several stories o...
Chartier	Alain	Alain Chartier French writer, born at Bayeux. He became the secretary of Charles VI. and Charles VII. Living during the period of the Hundred Year...
Chasles	Victor Euphémon Philarète	Victor Euphémon Philarète Chasles French writer, was born at Mainvilliers, near Chartres. A Jacobin, he was imprisoned after the restoration, but ...
Châteaubriand	François	François Châteaubriand Vicomte De Châteaubriand. French prose writer, born at St.Malo. In 1791 he went to America, returning to take servic...
Chatterton	Thomas	Thomas Chatterton English poet, was born at Bristol. In his eighth year he went to Colston's blue-coat school, Bristol. But his holidays were spen...
Cheever	George Barrell	George Barrell Cheever American writer, born in Maine, U.S.A. He was successively pastor in Salem (1832), Allen Street Presbyterian Church (1839-44...
Chelcicky	Petr	Petr Chelcicky Bohemian writer, who, after playing a part in the Hussite troubles (1419-20) as an opponent of the Taborites, became an earnest advocate o...
Chênedollé	Charles Pioult De	Charles Pioult De Chênedollé French poet, born at Vire in Normandy. Being a royalist (émigré), he led an unsettled life from 1791 to 1799; in 1812...
Chénier	André-Marie De	André-Marie De Chénier Among his earliest and most beautiful poems were L'Aveugle and Le Mendiant. Settling in Paris in 1786, he entered upon more ...
Cherville	Gaspard Georges	Gaspard Georges Cherville Marques De Cherville. Collaborator of Dumas père, was born at Chartres; wrote independently : Au Village, ...
Chesney	Charles Cornwallis	Charles Cornwallis Chesney Nephew of the explorer Francis Rawdon Chesney, and professor of military strategy at Sandhhurst, acquired fame by his Water...
Chesterfield	Philip Dormer Stanhope	Philip Dormer Stanhope Chesterfield Fourth Earl of Chesterfield. English author, was born in London. Succeeding his father as Earl of Chesterfield...
Chettle	Henry	Henry Chettle Dramatist and pamphletter, edited Greene's Groat's - worth of Wit (1592). For the attack contained in it Shakespeare he apologizes i...
Chiabrera	Gabriello	Gabriello Chiabrera Founder of the Italian Pindaric school of poetry, born at Savona. He wrote odes, Horatian epistles, and Anacreontic lyrics or ...
Chiari	Pietro	Pietro Chiari Italian writer born at Brescia, where also he died. Beginning his career as a Jesuit priest, he turned to comedy-writing, producing ...
Chiarini	Giuseppe	Giuseppe Chiarini Italian poet and critic, born at Arezzo. After holding the directorship of the lyceum at Leghorn (1867), he was appointed directo...
Child (née Francis)	Lydia Maria	Lydia Maria Child (née Francis) American authoress, born at Medford, Mass., U.S.A.; shared the editing of the Anti-Slavery Standard with her husba...
Chodzko	Alexander	Alexander Chodzko Polish author and Orientalist, born at Krzwicze (Minsk gov.); and became a friend of Mickiewicz. From 1829-41 he was Russian con...
Chrétien de Troyes		Chrétien de Troyes Chrétien (or Chrestien) de Troyes. French poet of the 12th century, who enjoyed the patronage of the Countess Marie de Champagn...
Christen	Ada	Ada Christen Pseudonym of Christiane Breden, Austrian poetess, born in Vienna; belongs to the modern realistic school. Lieder einer Verlorenen...
Christensen	Hjalmar	Hjalmar Christensen Norwegian writer, was in 1894 appointed dramatist of the Christiania theatre. He was written a good brief biography of Arne...
Christopulos	Athanasios	Athanasios Christopulos Greek poet and philologist, born at Kastoria (Macedonia). He lived in Walachia as the tutor of Prince Muruzi's sons, and a...
Church	Richard William	Richard William Church English divine, was born at Lisbon. An admirer of Newman, he helped, as junior proctor at Oxford, to veto proceedings threa...
Churchill	Charles	Charles Churchill English poet, was born in Westminster. Ordained priest in 1756, he succeeded his father in the curacy and lectureship of St. Joh...
Churchill	Winston	Winston Churchill American novelist, born at St.Louis, U.S.A. He became editor of the Army and Journal of New York, subsequently managing ed...
Ciampi	Ignazio	Ignazio Ciampi Italian author, born at Rome. In 1874 he became professor of modern history at the University of Rome. He wrote many poems, comedie...
Ciampoli	Domenico	Domenico Ciampoli Italian author, born at Atessa, in the Abruzzi. He was a professor of literature at Ancona, and the author of some powerful novel...
Cibber	Colley	Colley Cibber English actor, dramatist, and poet laureate, born in London, and went on the stage, becoming a member of Betterton's company. For so...
Cicero (I)	Marcus Tullius	Marcus Tullius Cicero (I) The greatest orator and man of letters produced by ancient Rome, and one of the leading statesmen in the last age of the republ...
Cigala	Lanfranco	Lanfranco Cigala Italian troubadour who wrote in Provençal, was born at Genoa, and in 1241 was deputed by his fellow-citizens to treat for peace with Cou...
Cino da Pistoia	%20	%20 Cino da Pistoia Italian poet and lawyer, born at Pistoia. He obtained a judicial post (1307), but was banished for strong Ghibelline tendencie...
Cinthio		Cinthio Cinthio, the name assumed by Giambattista Giraldi. Italian writer, born at Ferrara, where was appointed professor of philosophy and rhetor...
Clare	John	John Clare The Northamptonshire 'peasant poet,' born at Helpstone, near Peterborough, of poor parents. He was a gardener's apprentice, militiaman, gypsy,...
Claretie	Jules Arsène Arnaud	Jules Arsène Arnaud Claretie French novelist and dramatist, was born at Limoges; began to write early for the papers under various pseudonyms, notably th...
Clarke	Charles Cowden	Charles Cowden Clarke Clarke was born at Enfield, and entered into partnership as music publisher with Alfred Novello, whose sister he married (1828). He...
Clarke	Mary Victoria	Mary Victoria Clarke Mary Victoria, née Novello. Mrs. Charles Clarke, who married in 1828. Published in 1845 her well-known Shakespearean Concor...
Clarke	Marcus Andrew Hislop	Marcus Andrew Hislop Clarke Anglo-Australian author, born at Kensington, London, emigrated to Victoria (1863), became a writer on the staff of the Melbou...
Claudianus	Claudius	Claudius Claudianus The last of the Roman classic poets, was almost certainly a native of Alexandria. Stilicho was his protector. Under the emper...
Claudius	Matthias	Matthias Claudius German author, born at Reinfeld in Holstein; spent most of his life in the little town of Wandsbek, near Hamburg, and there edited the ...
Cleland	William	William Cleland Covenating colonel and poet, fought at Drumclog (1679), and acted as captain at Bothwell Bridge (1679). Appointed lieutenant - co...
Clemens	Samuel Langhorne	Samuel Langhorne Clemens Better known by his penname of 'Mark Twain,' American author and humorist, born at Florida, Missouri. First a compositor,...
Cleveland	John	John Cleveland English Cavalier poet, born at Loughborough, Leicestershire. He was a fellow of St.John's College, Cambridge (1634-43), but forfeite...
Clifford	William Kingdon	William Kingdon Clifford English novelist, daughter of John Lane, formerly of Barbados, W.Indies, and widow of W.K. Clifford, the mathematician. She ha...
Clive	Caroline	Caroline Clive English novelist, born in London, married the Rev. Archer Clive (1840). A confirmed invalid for years, she published in all ...
Clough	Arthur Hugh	Arthur Hugh Clough English poet, born in Liverpool, though of Welsh blood; spent some years of childhood in S.Carolina, but was a pupil at Rugby of Dr.Ar...
Cockburn	Catherine	Catherine Cockburn English dramatic writer and essayist, born in London, was converted to Roman Catholicism in youth, but returned to Church of England i...
Cockton	Henry	Henry Cockton English novelist, born in London. He was the author of Valentine Vox, the Ventriloquist (1840), George St. George Julian, t...
Cohn	Klara	Klara Cohn German novelist, who sometimes publishes under her maiden name of Viebig; born at Trèves; began to write shortly after her marriage to a Berli...
Colban	Adolfine Marie	Adolfine Marie Colban Adolfine Marie Colban, née Schmidt. Norwegian author; married (1836) the philologist N.A.Colban. Nine years after her ...
Coleridge	Hartley	Hartley Coleridge English poet, biographer, and essayist, eldest son of Samuel Taylor Coleridge, born at Bristol. He was from the first 'a poetic ...
Coleridge	Samuel Taylor	Samuel Taylor Coleridge English poet, philosopher, and critic, born at Ottery St.Mary, Devon, being ninth son of the Rev. John Coleridge (1719-81), vicar...
Collett	Jacobine Camilla	Jacobine Camilla Collett Jacobine Camilla Collett, née Wergeland. Norwegian author, learned much from the interesting persons who visited her broth...
Collier	John	John Collier English poet, born at Urmston, near Manchester. As 'Tim Bobbin' he wrote the rhyming satire The Blackbird (1739), and <...
Collins	John	John Collins English actor and poet. A versatile artist, he enacted widely diverse characters, and, after chequered experiences, achieved a sucess...
Collins	Mortimer	Mortimer Collins English miscellaneous writer, born at Plymouth; became mathematical master at Guernsey. Resigning this post in order to devote h...
Collins	William	William Collins English poet born at Chichester. At seventeen he wrote the Persian Eclogues (not published until 1742), and one or two poem...
Collins	William Wilkie	William Wilkie Collins English novelist, born in London, eldest son of William Collins, R. A. He became a student at Lincoln's Inn, but soon, turn...
Colman	George	George Colman George Colman - the Elder. English dramatist, born in Florence. After the production of several plays, including The Jealous Wife...
Colman	George	George Colman Colman, George Colman - the Younger. English dramatist, son of the preceding. After making an early success (1784) with a play, T...
Coloma	Luis	Luis Coloma Spanish Jesuit and writer. He became celebrated by his novel Pequeñeces (4th ed.1891), in which he depicts with great irony the life of...
Colonna	Vittoria	Vittoria Colonna Italian poetess, daughter of the famous condottiere Fabrizio Colonna; born on the family estate of Marino, and in 1509 married th...
Colonna (I.) Prospero		Colonna (I.) Prospero Italian condottiere, who offered his services to Charles VIII. of France when that monarch invaded Italy in 1494-5. But so...
Colonne	Guido Delle	Guido Delle Colonne Italian writer, probably of Roman birth, who went to Messina, and was judge from 1257-80. He was still living in 1287. His ly...
Colquhoun	John	John Colquhoun Scottish writer on sport, born in Edinburgh. A keen sportsman, he published The Moor and the Lock (1840; 7th ed.1893), Sa...
Columbus	Samuel	Samuel Columbus Swedish author, was G. Stjernhjelm's dearest pupil. His most important works are Den Bibliske Verld and his Odae Sueticæ...
Columella	Lucius Junius Moderatus	Lucius Junius Moderatus Columella Latin writer, was a native of Gades in Spain. He appears to have lived at Rome, and was contemporary with Seneca...
Combe	William	William Combe Author of Doctor Syntax, born at Bristol. He travelled in France and Italy, was extravagant in his habits, and squandered his...
Compagni	Dino	Dino Compagni Italian chronicler and poet, was born at Florence. Entering the political life on his city he was twice prior (1289 and 1301), and i...
Confucius		Confucius Confucius, the Chinese sage, born at the modern Sze-chuen, in Shan-tung province; but three years later, after his father's death, his mothe...
Congreve	William	William Congreve English dramatist poet, born at Bardsey, Leeds. His childhood was spent in Ireland, at Youghal, Lismore, and Kilkenny. Congreve w...
Conrad	Joseph	Joseph Conrad English novelist, born in Poland, and is a naturalized British subject. His parents being implicated in the Polish rising of 1862, h...
Conrad	Michael Georg	Michael Georg Conrad German writer, born in Franconia (Bavaria). From 1868 to 1883 he was engaged in journalistic work. He then sattled in Munich,...
Conrad von Würzburg		Conrad von Würzburg German poet, lived a long time in Strassburg, and afterwards in Basel, where he died. He is one of the most important mediæva...
Conradi	Hermann	Hermann Conradi German writer, was born in Jessnitz. One of the leaders of the new 'storm-and-stress period,' he wrote Brutalitäten ...
Conscience	Hendrik	Hendrik Conscience The most famous of Flemish novelists, and one of the originators of the popular literary Flemish movement, was born at Antwerp; served...
Constable	Henry	Henry Constable English poet, born at Newark. His sonnets to an unidentified mistress were published under the title of Diana in 1592, and in 1594...
Contreras	Geronimo De	Geronimo De Contreras Spanish novelist. He saw service in the wars of the Milanese, and was later appointed historiographer to Philip II. His best ...
Conway	Moncure Daniel	Moncure Daniel Conway An American lecturer and man of letters; became an abolitionist and a Unitarian parson at Washington, and during the civil war came...
Cook	Edward Dutton	Edward Dutton Cook English dramatist critic and author, the son of a London solicitor, was dramatic critic to the Pall Mall Gazette (1867-75) and ...
Cook	Eliza	Eliza Cook English poetess, born in Southwark, London, and lived in the metropolis. Early contributing to periodical literature, she conducted ...
Cooper	James Fenimore	James Fenimore Cooper American novelist, born at Burlington, New Jersey, of a Quaker family. In 1811 he left the navy, and devoted himself to lite...
Cooper	Thomas	Thomas Cooper English Chartist leader and poet, born at Leicester; apprenticed to a shoemaker. Becoming a schoolmaster (1829), and Methodist local...
Coornhert	Dirck Volkertsen	Dirck Volkertsen Coornhert Dutch writer, born in Amsterdam, was town clerk (1562) of Haarlem, but was compelled to flee to Germany to escape the Spaniard...
Coppée	François Edouard Joachim	François Edouard Joachim Coppée French poet, born in Paris. In early manhood became clerk in the Ministry of War; was transferred thence to the lib...
Corbet	Richard	Richard Corbet English bishop and poet. The son of a Surrey gardener, he was a royal chaplain to James I., prebendary in Salisbury Cathedral, dean ...
Corelli	Marie	Marie Corelli English novelist, was adopted in infancy by Charles Mackay, the poet, and was educated in a French convent. With her first volume, ...
Corinna		Corinna A Greek poetess of Tanagra in B%8COTIA, and a comtemporary of Pindar, whom indeed she is said to have taught and to have defeated in a public co...
Corneille	Pierre	Pierre Corneille French dramatic poet, born at Rouen. His first play, Mélite, was acted in 1629, and was followed by several others. He bec...
Corneille	Thomas	Thomas Corneille Younger brother of 'le grand Corneille,' wrote altogether about forty dramas. Like his brother he began with comedies, modelled c...
Corner	Julia	Julia Corner English writer for the young, born in London. She published many tales, also plays adapted from fairy tales, all of which have been v...
Cornwallis	Caroline Frances	Caroline Frances Cornwallis English authoress, born at Wittersham, Kent. She refused an offer of marriage from Sismondi, but lived much in Italy i...
Coronado	Carolina	Carolina Coronado Spanish authoress, born at Almendralejo (Badajoz province); showed poetic talent at an early age. In 1848 she married the Americ...
Cory	William Johnson	William Johnson Cory English schoolmaster and poet, born with the name of Johnson at Torrington, Devon. From 1845-72 he was assistant master at Et...
Cosbuc	George	George Cosbuc Roumanian poet, born in Transylvania, won universal admiration by his first volume, Balade si Idile (1893). He was a lyric p...
Cossa	Pietro	Pietro Cossa Italian dramatic poet, born at Rome. After the political events of 1849 he went to S.America, but returned to Rome, and taught Italia...
Costa	Claudio Manoel Da	Claudio Manoel Da Costa Brazilian poet, born at Marianna, prov. Minas Geraes; educated at Coimbra University, Portugal, whence he returned home in 1765. ...
Costanzo	Angelo Di	Angelo Di Costanzo Neapolitan historian and poet, born at Naples. His chief work, Hist. of the Kingdom of Naples, 1250-1489 (1581-2), writ...
Costin	Miron	Miron Costin Roumanian chronicler. A great scholar and leading politician, who, until his assassination, exercised great influence on his country....
Costin	Neculae	Neculae Costin Roumanian chronicler, son of the preceding, was a learned man who occupied various positions in the service of the state. Chief wo...
Cottin	Sophie	Sophie Cottin A sentimental French authoress, born at Paris. Sha wrote a series of stories, the best known of which are: Elisabeth, ou le...
Cotton	Charles	Charles Cotton English poet and translator, born at Beresford, Staffordshire. He may have been at Cambridge; he certainly travelled and picked up ...
Couch	Arthur Thomas Quiller	Arthur Thomas Quiller Couch English novelist and critic, known under the pseudonym 'Q'; born in Cornwall; was a classical lecturer, Trinitry College, Oxf...
Coucy	Raoul or Renaud De	Raoul or Renaud De Coucy A poet of the 12th century, who, besides writing several songs, is the hero of Le Roman du Châtelain de Coucy et de la Dame d...
Couperus	Louis	Louis Couperus Dutch novelist, born at the Hague; his early youth was spent in Java. His first novel, Eline Vere (1889), giving a graphic p...
Courier de Méré	Paul Louis	Paul Louis Courier de Méré French writer born at Paris. Entering the army in 1792, he served in Italy, and was wounded at Wagram (1809), after whi...
Courtney	William Leonard	William Leonard Courtney English journalist and author, born at Poona, India. Appointed headmaster of Somersetshire College, Bath (1873), he went ...
Cousin	Victor	Victor Cousin French writer and philosopher, born in Paris; was appointed assistant-professor at the faculty of letters, under Royer-Collard (1815). ...
Cowley	Abraham	Abraham Cowley English poet, born in London. His first volume of poems, Poetical Blossoms, appeared when he was only fifteen. He published ...
Cowley	Hannah	Hannah Cowley Hannah Cowley, née Parkhouse. English dramatist, born at Tiverton, between 1776 and 1795 produced thirteen plays, most of them printe...
Cowper	William	William Cowper English poet, born at Berkhampstead in Hertfordshire. He was educated at Westminster School, along with Churchill, the poet, and Wa...
Cox	Samuel	Samuel Cox English theological writer, born in London. Determining to study for the Baptist ministry, he entered Stepney College, and later London...
Crabbe	George	George Crabbe English poet, the son of a saltmaster of Aldeburgh, Suffolk, was in the main self-educated. After studying surgery in London for a t...
Craik	Sir Henry	Sir Henry Craik Scottish writer born in Glasgow; secretary of the Scotch Education Department, Whitehall (1885-1904): was created K.C.B. (1897). ...
Craik	Mrs.	Mrs. Craik Mrs. Craik, by birth Dinah Maria Mulock. English novelist, born at Stoke-upon-Trent. She produced her first novel, The Ogilvies, in 1849...
Crane	Stephen	Stephen Crane American novelist born at Newark, New Jersey. His characteristic gift of vivid imaginative description is most powerfull embodied in...
Crashaw	Richard	Richard Crashaw English poet. Expelled (1643) from his fellowship of Peterhouse, Cambridge, for refusing to sign the Covenant, he went to Paris, w...
Crates		Crates Crates of Athens, a poet of the Old Attic comedy, who flourished between 449 B.C. (when his first victory in comedy was won) and 424 B.C., in whi...
Cratinus	%20	%20 Cratinus An Athenian writer of the Old Attic comedy, classed by Horace along with Aristophanes and Eupolis as among its chief representatives. ...
Crawford	Francis Marion	Francis Marion Crawford American novelist, was born at Bagni di Lucca, Italy, his father being the American sculptor Thomas Crawford. In 1873 he b...
Crawford	Robert	Robert Crawford Scottish poet, son of an Edinburgh merchant; spent some years in France, and was drowned when returning to England. He assisted Al...
Creanga	Joan	Joan Creanga One of the greatest prose writters of Roumania; his stories, based on folk-tales and written in popular language, are regarded as among the ...
Crébillon	Prosper Jolyot De	Prosper Jolyot De Crébillon French dramatist, born at Dijon. In 1705 he produced his tragedy of Idoménée, which gave him a reputation; A...
Crébillon	Claude Prosper Jolyot De	Claude Prosper Jolyot De Crébillon Son of the preceding, born at Paris, married (1748) an Englishwoman, Lady Stafford. He also wrote for the stage...
Cremer	Jakobus Jan	Jakobus Jan Cremer Dutch novelist, born at Arnhem, Gelderland, the scenes of his earlier novels being all laid in the adjoining region of the ?Betuwe,? w...
Creutz	Gustaf Philip	Gustaf Philip Creutz Count Gustaf Philip Creutz. Swedish poet and diplomatist. His chief work was Atis och Camilla (1762), an Arcadian past...
Crockett	Samuel Rutherford	Samuel Rutherford Crockett Scotish novelist, born at Duchrae, Galloway. After several years abroad as a travelling tutor, and a short trial of jou...
Croft	Sir Herbert	Sir Herbert Croft English author; vicar of Prittlewell, Essex (1786-1816); on account of debts he retired to the Continent (1802), and died at Paris. ...
Croly	George	George Croly British author, who settled in London (1810), where for twenty-five years he devoted himself entirely to literature, but afterwards became (...
Cronegk	Johann Friedrich	Johann Friedrich Cronegk Baron Johann Friedrich Cronegk. German poet. He was born at Ansbach in Bavaria; travelled (1852-3) in Italy and France; an...
Crowe	Catherine	Catherine Crowe English novelist, born in Kent. Her chief novels were Susan Hopley (1841), Lilly Dawson (1847), Adventures of a B...
Crowne	John	John Crowne English dramatist, came to England from Nova Scotia (1660). He published a romance, Pandion and Amphigenia (1665), but thereaft...
Csengery	Anton	Anton Csengery Hungarian author and statesman, born at Grosswardein; became in 1845 a contributor to Kossuth's newspaper, Pesti Hirlap, and a memb...
Csiky	Gregor	Gregor Csiky Hungarian dramatist, of graceful and original style, distinguished for his life-like portrayal of the simple incidents of modern life. ...
Csokonay	Vitéz Miháli	Vitéz Miháli Csokonay Hungarian poet, born at Debreczin, where he was for a time professor at the college. Csokonay derived his inspiration from t...
Cudworth	Ralph	Ralph Cudworth One of the most prominent writers of the English philosophical school, known as the Cambridge Platonists, born at Aller, Somersetshire. ...
Cueva	Juan De La	Juan De La Cueva Spanish poet, was born at Seville. He wrote every kind of poetry, but is best in dramatic work, and must be considered as one of ...
Culpeper	Sir Thomas	Sir Thomas Culpeper Sir Thomas Culpeper, the Elder. English writer, born in Kent; is chiefly famous for his Tract against the High Rate of Us...
Cumberland	Richard	Richard Cumberland English dramatist, poet, and essayist, born at Cambridge. Befriended by Lord Halifax, he ultimately became secretary to the Boa...
Cumming	John	John Cumming Scottish writer on prophecy, a native of Fintray, Aberdeenshire, became the popular minister of the National Scottish Church, Covent Garden,...
Cummins	Maria Susana	Maria Susana Cummins American novelist, born at Salem, Mass. Her Lamplighter (1854) had great success. Other novels were Mabel Vaughan
Cunningham	Allan	Allan Cunningham Scottish poet and biographer, born in Keir parish, Dumfriesshire, and became a skilful stone-mason. He contributed to the Lite...
Cuoco, or Coco	Vincenzo	Vincenzo Cuoco, or Coco Italian historian, born at Civita Campomarano, Kingdom of Naples; studied law, but turned his attemtion to history. He was...
Curtis	George William	George William Curtis American author, born at Providence, Rhode Island, and educated at a school in Jamaica Plain, Mass. After spending eighteen ...
Curtis	Rufus Quintus	Rufus Quintus Curtis A Roman historian of Alexander the Great; he lived probably in the 1st or 2nd century A.D. His history consisted originally o...
Cust	Robert Needham	Robert Needham Cust Indian official and writer, born at Cockayne-Hatley, Bedfordshire, served many years in the Indian civil service, being engaged in th...
Cygnänus	Fredrik	Fredrik Cygnänus Finnish poet and writer, born at Tavastehus; educated at Abo, and was professor of literarure there (1854-61). A patron of fine a...
Cyprian	Thascius Cæcilius Cyprianus	Thascius Cæcilius Cyprianus Cyprian Was one of the fathers of the church. A pagan by birth, and of wealthy parentage, he became a teacher of rheto...
Cyril of Alexandria, St.	%20	%20 Cyril of Alexandria, St. Was educated by his uncle Theophilus and the monks of Nitria; became presbyter at Alexandria, and bishop in 412. Firs...
Cyril of Jerusalem, St.	%20	%20 Cyril of Jerusalem, St. In 351 succeeded Maximus as bishop of Jerusalem, his native city. Controversy with his metropolitan, the Arian Acacius, led t...
Czaykowski	Michail	Michail Czaykowski Michail Czaykowski, or Czaikovski - afterwards Sadyck Pasha. Polish author and soldier, born in Halczyniec (Ukraine). He fought...
Czuczor	Georg	Georg Czuczor Hungarian poet, born at Andod (Nyitra). He became a Benedictine monk in 1824, and from 1825-35 was teacher in Raab and Komorn, and i...
Cæcilius Statius	%20	%20 Cæcilius Statius A roman comic poet, by birth an Insubrian Gaul, and originally a slave. He was the immediate predecessor of Terence, dying i...
D'Allainval	Léonor Jean Christine Soulas	Léonor Jean Christine Soulas D'Allainval French dramatist, was born at Chartres early in the 18th century. In the course of a life of great povert...
D'Annunzio	Gabriele	Gabriele D'Annunzio Italian writer (whose real name is Rapagnetta), born on board a yacht in the Adriatic. His poetical genius was quickened into ...
D'Argens	Jean Baptiste De Boyer, Marquis	Jean Baptiste De Boyer, Marquis D'Argens Marquis Jean Baptiste De Boyer D'Argens. French popular philosopher, born at Aix in Provence. After servi...
D'Aubigné	Théodore Agrippa	Théodore Agrippa D'Aubigné French scholar and historian, was born in Saintogne. In the civil war he fought on the Huguenot side, and Henry IV. app...
D'Aulnoy	Marie Catherine Jumelle De Berneville	Marie Catherine Jumelle De Berneville D'Aulnoy Comtess D'Aulnoy, or D'Aunoy. Wrote forgotten French romances (Hippolyte, Le Comte de Douglas...
D'Israeli	Isaac	Isaac D'Israeli Son of a Spanish Jew who settled in London in 1748, was born in 1748, was born at Enfield, Middlesex. When twenty-five he publishe...
D'Urfey	Thomas	Thomas D'Urfey English song-writer and dramatist, was born at Exeter. His first play, The Siege of Memphis, was performed in 1676, and for ...
Da Costa	Isaac	Isaac Da Costa Dutch poet, born at Amsterdam, of Portuguese-Jewish descent, was a pupil and poetic ally of Bilderdijk. His fame rests upon the pol...
Dahl	Conrad Neuman Hjelm	Conrad Neuman Hjelm Dahl Norwegian poet and novelist, born near Trondhjem. His novels faithfully portrait life on the coasts of Norway and Lapland...
Dahl	Vladimir Ivanovitch	Vladimir Ivanovitch Dahl Russian author and lexicographer, born at Lugan (gov. Ekaterinoslav), son of a Dane. Settling in Moscow in 1858, he wrote...
Dahlgren	Karl Frederik	Karl Frederik Dahlgren Swedish humorous author. His first great work was Molbergs Epistler (1819-20), in which the idyllic and burlesque are oddly...
Dahn	Julius Sophus Felix	Julius Sophus Felix Dahn German novelist and poet, was born at Hamburg, and held professorships at Würzburg (1865), at Königsberg (1872), and at Breslau ...
Dakiki	Abu Mansur Muhammad	Abu Mansur Muhammad Dakiki A Persian poet, from Tus or Tun, in Persia, or from Bokhara, who lived about 1000 A.D. After he had completed a thousand disti...
Dalgarno	George	George Dalgarno Scottish writer for deaf and dumb, a native of Aberdeen, in his Ars Signorum (1661) sought to prove that ideas could be expressed ...
Dalin	Olof Von	Olof Von Dalin The principal representative of Swedish literature in the first half of the 18th century; found employment (1731) as a government clerk. ...
Daly	John Augustin	John Augustin Daly American theatrical manager and dramatist, born at Plymouth, N. Carolina, U.S.A. Between 1859 and 1869 he wrote dramatic criticism for...
Dana	Charles Anderson	Charles Anderson Dana American author and journalist, born at Hinsdale, New Hampshire, and in 1841 joined the Brook Farm Community. He then edited...
Dana	Richard Henry	Richard Henry Dana American author, was born at Cambridge, Mass. He became associated with Edward T. Channing in the North American Review a...
Dana	Richard Henry	Richard Henry Dana American author, son of the preceding, published an account of his own sailor life, Two Years before the Mast (1840; enlarged e...
Dancourt	Florent Carton	Florent Carton Dancourt French actor and dramatist, born at Fontainebleau. From 1685 to 1718 he was a member of the Comédie Française, distinguish...
Daniel	Samuel	Samuel Daniel English poet, was probably born near Taunton, Somersetshire. He spent some time at the Earl of Pembroke's house at Wilton, and found...
Dante Alighieri		Dante Alighieri The greatest poet of Italy, and one of the three greatest poets of the world, was born at Florence in May 1265 of a Guelf family that wa...
Dante da Majano	%20	%20 Dante da Majano Italian poet, born near Fiesole, flourished in the last quarter of the 13th century, and was a slavish imitator of the troubadours, t...
Darley	George	George Darley Irish poet, critic, and mathematician, was born in Dublin. His poems are mainly dramatic, and show the influence of the Elizabethan ...
Darmesteter	Agnes Mary Frances	Agnes Mary Frances Darmesteter Agnes Mary Frances Darmesteter, or Duclaux, née Robinson. Anglo-French poetess, born in Leamington. She married Jame...
Dash, Comtesse De	%20	%20 Dash, Comtesse De Comtesse De Dash, pen name of Gabrielle Anne De Cisterne De Courtiras, Vicomtesse De Poilon De Saint-Mars. French authoress of many...
Dashkoff	Ekaterina Romanovna	Ekaterina Romanovna Dashkoff Princess Romanovna Dashkoff, a Russian lady of learning. From jealousy of her sister, Peter III.'s mistress, she took...
Datch	Simon	Simon Datch German poet, born at Memel. He was a fertile writer of religious and occasional verse, the first collection of his poems, Kur-Brand...
Daub	Karl	Karl Daub German theologian, was born at Kassel, and was (1795) professor of theology at Heidelberg till his death. His very abrupt changes of vie...
Daudet	Alphonse	Alphonse Daudet French author, born at Nimes. His first work, a volume of poems, Les Amoureuses (1858), gained for him a reputation, and he...
Daudet	Mrs. Alphonse	Mrs. Alphonse Daudet Madame Alphonse Daudet, née Julia Allard. Wife of the above, collaborated with her husband, and was herself author of Impre...
Daudet	Ernest	Ernest Daudet An elder brother of Alphonse Daudet, has acquired distinction both as a man of letters and as a prominent political writer associated with ...
Daudet	Léon	Léon Daudet Son of Alphonse Daudet, also a well-known man of letters, is the author of Les Morticoles (1894), a satire upon doctors, and his most ...
Davanzati	Chiaro	Chiaro Davanzati Italian lyrical poet, was born at Florence, and died before 1280. He began with imitations of the Provençals and Sicilians, but t...
Davenant	Sir William	Sir William Davenant English poet and dramatist, who was according to scandal, a natural son of Shakespeare. He became a 'hanger on' about the cou...
Davey	Richard Patrick Boyle	Richard Patrick Boyle Davey English journalist, novelist, and playwright, started life as a journalist in New York in 1870, and was appointed editor of t...
Davidson	John	John Davidson Poet and playwright, is a native of Barrhead, Renfrewshire. In 1890 he settled in London. His first published works were dramas -
Davies	Sir John	Sir John Davies English poet and lawyer, was born at Tisbury, Wilts. At Oxford and the Middle Temple he was known as a wit and poet, chiefly in a ...
Davis	Richard Harding	Richard Harding Davis American novelist and journalist, was born in Philadelphia. He acted as special correspondent in the Spanish-American war an...
Davis	Thomas Osborn	Thomas Osborn Davis Irish poet and patriot, was born at Mallow. In 1842 he founded the Nation newspaper, in conjunction with J.B. Dillon an...
Day	John	John Day English dramatist, studied at Calius College, Cambridge. Henslowe in his Diary mentions him as collaborating with Chettle, Dekker,...
Day	Thomas	Thomas Day Author of Sandford and Merton, was born in London. In 1773 he published his poem The Dying Negro, then The Devoted Leg...
De Curel	François	François De Curel French dramatist, is a native of Metz. He published two novels, L?Eté des Fruits Secs and Le Sauvetage du Grand Duc
De Geer	Louis Gerhard Baron	Louis Gerhard Baron De Geer Swedish statesman and author. He became prime minister and minister of justice in 1858-70. His great achievement was t...
De Quincey	Thomas	Thomas De Quincey English essayist, was born at Manchester. In 1802 he ran away from school at Manchester, and wandered about Wales in the manner describ...
De Tabley	John Byrne Leicester Warren	John Byrne Leicester Warren De Tabley Third and last Baron De Tabley. English poet, born at Tabley House, Cheshire. Under the pseudonyms of 'Georg...
De Vere	Aubrey Thomas	Aubrey Thomas De Vere Irish poet, son of Sir Aubrey de Vere, was born at Curragh Chase, Co. Limerick. Some of his finest early poems were written ...
De Vere	Sir Aubrey	Sir Aubrey De Vere Irish poet. He lived most of his life at his country seat in Co. Limerick. As a poet he displays true feeling and skill in deli...
Decort	Frans	Frans Decort Flemish lyric poet, born at Antwerp; military court, Brussels. He published the popular Flemish almanac, Jan en Alleman. His p...
Deffand	Marie De Vichy Chamrond	Marie De Vichy Chamrond Deffand Marquise Du Deffand French letter-writer and dame de salon. She early became distinguished for her wit and ...
Defoe	Daniel	Daniel Defoe English pamphleteer, the son of a London butcher, born, according to Mr. Aitken, in (probably) 1659. It was the Jacobite plot against...
Dekker	Thomas	Thomas Dekker English dramatist and pamphleteer, born in London. Our knowledge of his life is scanty and uncertain. In 1598 we find Henslowe advan...
Dekker, or Decker	Jeremias	Jeremias Dekker, or Decker Dutch poet, born at Dordrecht; was one of the best poets of his day in Holland. His first production was a metrical par...
Deland	Margaretta Wade	Margaretta Wade Deland Margaretta Wade Deland, née Campbell. American authoress, born at Allegheny, Pennsylvania. She is the author of many novels...
Delavigne	Jean François Casimir	Jean François Casimir Delavigne French poet and dramatist; born at Le Havre, and at sixteen composed an Ode on the King of Rome (Napoleon's son). ...
Democritus	%20	%20 Democritus Democritus of Abdera, in Thrace, was one of the greatest of Greek philosophers. In his pursuit of knowledge he visited Babylon, Per...
Denham	Sir John	Sir John Denham Irish poet and royalist, born in Dublin. At the outbreak of the civil war in 1642, he was made governor of Farnham Castle for the ...
Denina	Carlo Giacomo Maria	Carlo Giacomo Maria Denina Italian writer, born at Revello, was appointed (1758) professor of rhetoric at Turin, but lost the appointment shortly after 1...
Dennery	Adolphe Philippe	Adolphe Philippe Dennery French playwright, born in Paris. His first drama was Emile, produced in 1831, and from that date till death he wr...
Dennis	John	John Dennis Critic, born in London. Entering on a literary career, he became intimate with Dryden, Wycherley, and Congreve. He wrote several poems...
Derham	William	William Derham English writer, born at Stoughton, in Worcestershire; after being ordained priest (1682) he became vicar of Upminster, Essex (1689). ...
Déroulède	Paul	Paul Déroulède French politician and poet, born at Paris. His political career has been consistently animated by strong anti-German sentiment. He ...
Derzhavin	Gabriel Romanowitch	Gabriel Romanowitch Derzhavin Russian poet and statesman, born in the govt. of Novgorod. He was appointed imperial treasurer (1800), and minister ...
Des Périers	Bonaventure	Bonaventure Des Périers A French writer, born at Arnay-le-Duc, Burgundy, attached himself (1536) to Margaret of Navarre; and sometimes, from the marked s...
Désaugiers	Marc Antoine Madeleine	Marc Antoine Madeleine Désaugiers French writer of songs and dramas, born at Fréjus (Var). Leaving France at the revolution, he proceeded to the U...
Deschamps	Eustache	Eustache Deschamps Eustache Deschamps, known also as Morel. Poet of France, born at Vertus (Champagne). A prolific author, he is credited with hav...
Desforges	Pierre Jean Baptiste	Pierre Jean Baptiste Desforges Pierre Jean Baptiste Desforges, whose real surname was Choudard. French actor and dramatist, was born in Paris. Bes...
Deshoulières	Antoinette	Antoinette Deshoulières Antoinette Deshoulières - née Du Ligier De La Garde. French poetess, born at Paris, one of the précieuses, who, by her beau...
Destouches	Philippe Néricault	Philippe Néricault Destouches French dramatist, was born at Tours. His first play, Le Curieux Impertinent (1709), was followed by L'Ingr...
Deus Nogueira Ramos	João De	João De Deus Nogueira Ramos Portuguese lyric poet, born at São Bartolemeu de Messines. Next to Camoens, he is the most popular of the Portuguese p...
Diaz de Gamez Gutierre		Diaz de Gamez Gutierre Spanish writer (fl. early 15th century), author of Victorial Cronica del Conde de Buelna Don Pero Niño (1779-87). A French...
Dibdin	Thomas John	Thomas John Dibdin Son of Charles Dibdin, was a writer of songs and dramas; for some time an actor in the provinces, and at Covent Garden Theatre, London...
Dickens	Charles John Huffham	Charles John Huffham Dickens English novelist, born at Portsea. The childhood of Dickens, in its general outlines, may be studied in the early cha...
Diderot	Denis	Denis Diderot French encyclopédiste, born at Langres in Champagne. He lived by translating, cataloguing, indexing, and even by writing sermons. In...
Didon	Henri	Henri Didon Called Le Père Didon, French preacher and author, born at Touvet, Isère; joined the order of the Dominicans (1862). A series of discou...
Dierx	Léon	Léon Dierx French poet, born in the island of Réunion; obtained a clerkship in the Education Department, and has spent most of his life in Paris. ...
Diez	Friedrich	Friedrich Diez The founder of Romance philology, born at Giessen in Hesse-Darmstadt. It was Goethe who induced him, while on a visit to Weimar (18...
Digby	Sir Kenelm	Sir Kenelm Digby English philosopher and poet, was born at Gothurst or Gayhurst, Bucks. Joining his kinsman, Lord Bristol, at Madrid, Digby distin...
Digby	Kenelm Henry	Kenelm Henry Digby English miscellaneous writer. His chief works are The Broadstone of Honour (1822; edition de luxe, 1876-7); Mores Cat...
Dingelstedt	Franz Ferdinand	Franz Ferdinand Dingelstedt Freiherr Von Dingelsted. German poet, born near Marburg. He was librarian to the king of Würtembrg (1843); playwright ...
Diogenes	%20	%20 Diogenes Diogenes The Cynic, born at Sinope, in Pontus; spent his youth at Athens in dissolute extravagance, but was attracted to philosophy by Antis...
Dion Cassius	Cocceianus	Cocceianus Dion Cassius The historian of Rome, was born at Nicæa, in Bithynia. He held important offices, becoming senator in 180, consul in 220, ...
Dionysius, of Halicarnass	%20	%20 Dionysius, of Halicarnass Dionysius of Halicarnassus - so called from his birthplace. He tells us that he came to Rome in 30 B.C., and lived t...
Dionysius, the Elder		Dionysius, the Elder Born at Syracause, was tyrant of the city from 405 to 365 B.C. He was one of partisans of Hermocrates, the leader of the ari...
Dixie	Lady Florence	Lady Florence Dixie English poet, novelist, and explorer, youngest daughter of the seventh Marquis of Queensberry, born in London, and started an eventfu...
Dixon	Richard Watson	Richard Watson Dixon English poet, born in London; was appointed honorary canon of Carlisle (1874), and in 1883 vicar of Warkworth. In 1861 he pub...
Dobell	Sidney Thompson	Sidney Thompson Dobell English poet and critic, born at Cranbrook, Kent. In 1836 the family settled at Cheltenham, with Dobell was always afterwar...
Dobson	Henry Austin	Henry Austin Dobson English poet and essayist, born at Plymouth. In 1856 he entered the Board of Trade, in which at the date of his retirement (19...
Dodge	Mrs. Mary Elizabeth Mapes	Mrs. Mary Elizabeth Mapes Dodge American author, and editor since 1873 of St. Nicholas, was born in New York. She has written tales for children, ...
Dolce	Lodovico	Lodovico Dolce Italian writer and scholar, born at Venice, and lived there all his life. Much of his work is based on, or translated from, the cla...
Dolet	Etienne	Etienne Dolet French humanist, born at Orleans; studied for six years at Padua and Venice. Returning to France permeated with the humanistic spiri...
Domett	Alfred	Alfred Domett British colonial statesman and poet, born at Camberwell Grove, Surrey. He was called to the bar (1841), and went to New Zealand, whe...
Doni	Antonio Francesco	Antonio Francesco Doni Italian writer, was born at Florence; fled from his monastery (1540), and led a roving life, sojourning at Piacenza, Florence, and...
Donne	John	John Donne English poet and divine, grandson of John Heywood, the epigrammatist. He accompanied the Earl of Essex in his naval expeditions to Cadi...
Doran	John	John Doran Author and editor, born in London of Irish parents, and from 1823 to 1837 acted as private tutor. In 1835 he published his first work, ...
Dorset	Charles Sackville	Charles Sackville Dorset First Earl of Middlesex and Sixth Earl of Dorse. English poet. In 1660 he entered Parliament as M.P. for E. Grinstead, Su...
Dorset	Thomas Sackville	Thomas Sackville Dorset First Earl Of Dorset. English poet and diplomatist, produced in 1562, with Thomas Norton, the so-called 'first English tragedy' <...
Dostoievsky	Feodor Mikhailovitch	Feodor Mikhailovitch Dostoievsky Russian novelist, a native of Moscow; made a hit with his first work, Poor Folk (1846; Eng. trans.1894). S...
Doudney	Sarah	Sarah Doudney English novelist, born at Portsmouth. She is best known by her stories for girls. They include: A Woman's Glory...
Douglas	Gawin or Gavin	Gawin or Gavin Douglas Scottish poet, third son of Archibald, fifht Earl of Angus, 'Bell the Cat.' He became pastor of Linton, and rector of Hauch...
Douglas	Sir George Brisbane Scott	Sir George Brisbane Scott Douglas Scottish author, was born at Gibraltar. Since 1885 he has varied a country gentleman's occupations at Springwood Park, Kelso...
Dowden	Edward	Edward Dowden Irish scholar and man of letters; born in Cork; has been professor of English literature at Trinity College, Dublin, since 1867. In ...
Dowie	Ménie Muriel	Ménie Muriel Dowie British novelist and traveller, born at Liverpool, granddaughter of Robert Chambers (of the firm of W. and R.Chambers). She ear...
Doyle	Sir Arthur Conan	Sir Arthur Conan Doyle English novelist, grandson of John Doyle, the political caricaturist ('H.B.'), and nephew of Richard Doyle of Punch, was bo...
Doyle	Sir Francis Hastings Charles	Sir Francis Hastings Charles Doyle English poet, born at Nunappleton, Yorks; practised as barrister, and held the chair of poetry at Oxford (1867-77). ...
Drachmann	Holger Henrik Herholdt	Holger Henrik Herholdt Drachmann Danish poet, was in early life a distinguished marine painter and the protagonist of a new artistic school which ridicul...
Drake	Nathan	Nathan Drake English literary essayist and physician, born at York, practised at Hadleigh in Suffolk, from 1792 till his death. He published Sh...
Drant	Thomas	Thomas Drant English divine and poet, was born at Hagworthingham, Lincolnshire; earned notoriety as a preacher, especially by his sermons before the cour...
Drayton	Michael	Michael Drayton English poet and dramatist, born at Hartshill, Warwickshire. In 1591 he was in London, and his Harmony of the Church, for n...
Drelincourt	Charles	Charles Drelincourt French Protestant theologian, born at Sedan, was in 1620 appointed pastor at Charenton, where the rest of his life was spent. ...
Driver	Samuel Rolles	Samuel Rolles Driver English Hebraist and Old Testament student, was born at Southampton; was a fellow of New College, Oxford (1870-83), and tutor at New...
Droste = Hülshoff	Annette Elisabeth	Annette Elisabeth Droste = Hülshoff Countess Von Droste. German poetess, born at Hülshoff, near Münster, in Westphalia. Among all women writers of...
Droz	Antoine Gustave	Antoine Gustave Droz French author, born at Paris, the son of Droz, the sculptor. He exhibited regularly at the salons from 1857-65. Under the pse...
Drummond	William	William Drummond William 'of Hawthornden'. Scottish poet, born at Hawthornden, 8 m. south-east of Edinburgh, and spent a life of learned leisure there. ...
Drummond	Sir William	Sir William Drummond British diplomatist and author, head of the Drummonds of Logie-Almond in Perthshire, a diplomatist who was neither successful nor ac...
Drummond	William Hamilton	William Hamilton Drummond Irish poet and divine at Larne, Co. Antrim, who, in addition to his charge at Belfast (1800), kept a boarding school and lectur...
Dryden	John	John Dryden English poet, born at Aldwinkle All Saints, Northamptonshire. He appears to have settled in 1657 in London, and here he wrote his firs...
Duck	Stephen	Stephen Duck English poet, was born at Charlton, Wiltshire. He worked as an agricultural labourer, and through his verses was introduced to Queen ...
Dumas	Alexandre	Alexandre Dumas French dramatist and novelist, generally known as A. Dumas père, was born at Villers-Cotterets, in dep. Aisne. The legitima...
Dunbar	William	William Dunbar Chief of the old Scottish poets or 'makaris,' was born in Lothian. While in his novitiate as a follower of St. Francis, he made a p...
Duncan de Cérisantis	Mark	Mark Duncan de Cérisantis Writer of Latin verse, entered the Swedish service, which, along with Protestantism, he renounced when he went to Rome. ...
Dunlap	William	William Dunlap The earliest American dramatist, born in New Jersey. In all about fifty plays of his were produced in New York, the best known bein...
Dunlop	John Colin	John Colin Dunlop Scottish writer, whose fame rests on his History of Fiction (1814), still the standard work on the subject. He also wrote...
Dupont	Pierre	Pierre Dupont French poet, born at Lyons; migrated to Paris, where he had a similar experience to that of Burns. With the poem Les Deux Anges
Durante	Ser	Ser Durante Tuscan notary and poet, who appears to have flourished at the end of the 13th century, and wrote a highly interesting adaptation of the Frenc...
Dyer	Sir Edward	Sir Edward Dyer English poet and courtier, born at Sharpham Park, Somersetshire, was sent on a diplomatic mission to the Low Countries (1584), and to Den...
Dyer	John	John Dyer British poet, born at Aberglasney, Carmarthenshire. In 1727 he published Grongar Hill, a short poem, possessing even now a certai...
Eastlake	Elizabeth	Elizabeth Eastlake Lady Elizabeth Eastlake. English authoress, born at Norwich. She published A Residence on the Shores of the Baltic (1841...
Eberhard	Christian August Gottlob	Christian August Gottlob Eberhard German poet, born at Belzig, near Wittenberg. His whole life was spent in literary labour, principally in Hambur...
Ebert	Karl Egon	Karl Egon Ebert Bohemian poet, born in Prague, was chief librarian at Donaueschingen. He wrote dramas, epics, and lyrics, chiefly about Bohemian l...
Ebner = Eschenbach	Marie Von	Marie Von Ebner = Eschenbach Marie Von Ebner, née Gräfin Dubsky. Born in Moravia; since 1848 has lived mostly in Vienna. She has written a drama (...
Echegaray	José De	José De Echegaray Spanish dramatist, born in Madrid. He is a famous mathematician and engineer. Devoting himself to politics for a time, he became...
Edersheim	Alfred	Alfred Edersheim Austrian divine and scholar, born at Vienna of Jewish parentage, but was converted to Christianity. Having proceeded to Edinburgh...
Edgeworth	Maria	Maria Edgeworth English novelist, daughter of Richard Lovell Edgeworth; born at Black Bourton, Oxon, but almost the whole of her father?s estate at Edgew...
Edgeworth	Richard Lovell	Richard Lovell Edgeworth English author, father of the preceding, born in Bath; claimed to have invented the electric telegraph as now used, and designed...
Edwards	Amelia Ann Blandford	Amelia Ann Blandford Edwards English novelist and Egyptologist, was born in London. To the Egyptian Exploration Fund, of which she was the founder...
Edwards	Jonathan	Jonathan Edwards American divine, born at East Windsor, Connecticut, U.S.A. Settled as pastor at Northampton, Massachusetts (1727). His pastorate ...
Edwards	Richard	Richard Edwards English poet and dramatist, born in Somersetshire; was appointed gentleman of the Chapel Royal, and master of the children of the same ch...
Egan	Pierce	Pierce Egan English novelist and artist, son of the above, born in London, began his art life by executing etchings for his father's Pilgrims of the T...
Eichendorff	Joseph Von	Joseph Von Eichendorff German poet, born at Lubowitz, near Ratibor; held various government appointments in Prussia (1826-44). In his early works,...
Eliot	George	George Eliot George Eliot is the pseudonym of Mary Annor or Marian Evans, English novelist. She was born at Arbury farm in the parish of Chilvers C...
Ellesmere	Francis Leveson-Gower Egerton	Francis Leveson-Gower Egerton Ellesmere First Earl of Ellesmere. English writer, born in London. M.P. for Bletchingley (1822); became Secretary for...
Elliot	Jane or Jean	Jane or Jean Elliot Scottish poetess, third daughter of Sir Gilbert Elliot, was born at Minto House, Teviotdale; is known for her exquisite ballad, Th...
Ellis	Alexander John	Alexander John Ellis English writer on mathematics and philologist; was an urgent 'reformer' of English spelling in the direction of phonetic simplicity,...
Ellis	Henry Havelock	Henry Havelock Ellis English writer and editor, was born at Croydon in Surrey. He has edited The Mermaid Series of Old Dramatists (1887-9);...
Elster	Christian Mandrup	Christian Mandrup Elster Norwegian author, born in Namdalen. In 1863 he made his début with a three-act drama, Eystein Meyla, and has the m...
Elyot	Sir Thomas	Sir Thomas Elyot English renaissance scholar and writer, the friend of Sir Thomas More; born in Wiltshire. By the influence of Thomas Cromwell he was emp...
Elze	Friederich Karl	Friederich Karl Elze A German writer and critic of English literature, was born at Dessau, in the duchy of Anhalt. In 1875 he was appointed to the...
Emerson	Ralph Waldo	Ralph Waldo Emerson American poet and philosopher, born at Boston, Massachusetts. In 1829 he was elected assistant and afterwards sole minister of...
Eminescu	Mihail	Mihail Eminescu The greatest lyrical poet of Romania, born near Botossani. As editor of the journal Timpul he had a hard fight for recognit...
Empedocles	%20	%20 Empedocles Ancient Greek philosopher, flourished about 450 B.C., and was a native of Agrigentum in Sicily. He is best known for his theory of ...
Encina	Juan De	Juan De Encina Spanish poet and one of the founders of the modern Spanish drama. Born at Salamanca, he was received (1493) into the household of t...
Engels	Friedrich	Friedrich Engels German socialist, born at Barmen. While in England he became interested in the Chartist and Owenite movements (1842), and made th...
Ennius	Quintus	Quintus Ennius Roman poet, was born at Rudiæ in Calabria, and was by birth a Greek, but a subject of Rome. In 204 B.C. he was brought to Rome by C...
Enriquez Gomez	Antonio	Antonio Enriquez Gomez Spanish man of letters, Segovian of Jewish descent, who wrote novels in the picaresque style. His best-known work is El ...
Epictetus		Epictetus The famous Stoic philosopher, was a native of Hierapolis in Phrygia. He lived and taught at Rome until Domitian expelled the philosophe...
Epicurus	%20	%20 Epicurus Greek philosopher, founder of the Epicurean school, was an Athenian citizen, though born in the island of Samos. He came to Athens in...
Epimenides	%20	%20 Epimenides A Cretan prophet and poet, who is said to have visited Athens about 596 B.C. to purify the city in consequence of a plague which was ravag...
Epinay	Louise Florence Pétronille Tardieu D'Esclavelles	Louise Florence Pétronille Tardieu D'Esclavelles Epinay Louise Florence Pétronille Tardieu D'Esclavelles Epinay - Marquise D'Epinay. French author...
Erasmus	Desiderius	Desiderius Erasmus Scholar and critic, born at Rotterdam, of illegitimate birth; entered the order of 'The Brethren of the Common Life,' first at Bois-le...
Eratosthenes	%20	%20 Eratosthenes Greek mathematician and poet, known as Pentathlus, 'champion in five sports,' was born at Cyrene, and in 235 B.C. was appointed custodia...
Ercilla y Zuñiga	Alonso De	Alonso De Ercilla y Zuñiga Spanish poet, born at Madrid, a soldier who came to England in the train of Philip II. in 1554, and was thence sent to Chile t...
Erdmann	Johann Eduard	Johann Eduard Erdmann German theologian and philosophical writer, born at Wolmar, in Livonia; at Berlin came under Hegel's influence. First becomi...
Erigena	Joannes Scotus	Joannes Scotus Erigena Was born probably between 815 and 825 A.D. By various writers he has been claimed as Scottish, as Welsh, and as English. It is alm...
Erinna	%20	%20 Erinna A poetess of Lesbos, in ancient Greece, thought by some to have been a friend and contemporary of Sappho (600 B.C.), but more probably belongi...
Erskine	Ralph	Ralph Erskine Scottish divine and poet, brother of Ebenezer Erskine, was born at Branxton, Northumberland. He became minister of Dunfermline (1711...
Escobar y Mendoza	Antonio	Antonio Escobar y Mendoza Spanish ecclesiastical orator and writer, born at Valladolid, entered the Company of Jesus in 1604, and soon became one of the ...
Escosura	Patricio De La	Patricio De La Escosura Spanish novelist and dramatist, born at Madrid; an erratic genius, whose plays especially are of very unequal merit. The c...
Esmond	Henry V	Henry V Esmond English actor and dramatic author, was born at Hampton Court, near London; went on the stage in 1885. His earliest plays were Re...
Espinel	Vicent De	Vicent De Espinel Spanish writer and musician, born at Ronda, Granada; an ecclesiastic whose lyric poems are extremely melodious and unforced. He ...
Espronceda	José De	José De Espronceda Spanish poet, born at Almendralejo in Estremadura, in whose life and writings the influence of Byron is conspicuous. From his b...
Etheredge	Sir George	Sir George Etheredge English dramatist and diplomatist, belonged to an Oxfordshire family. His comedies are witty studies of urban manners. In 167...
Euclides Of Megara	%20	%20 Euclides Of Megara A Greek philosopher of the 4th century B.C., was one of the pupils of Socrates. After Socrates's execution in 399 B.C., he ...
Eumolpus	%20	%20 Eumolpus In Greek mythology, was a Thracian poet, the son of Poseidon. After various adventures he came to Eleusis in Attica, and was kindly r...
Eupolis	%20	%20 Eupolis One of the chief Athenian comic poets of the so called Old Comedy. He was born about 446 B.C., and died about 411. He was a contempora...
Euripides	%20	%20 Euripides Athenian tragic poet, was born in 480 B.C., though the Parian marble gives the year of his birth as 485. It is probable that he was ...
Eusebius Of Cæsarea	%20	%20 Eusebius Of Cæsarea The 'father' of church history, was born in Palestine, and passed his youth mainly in Cæsarea. The great formative influen...
Evans	Daniel Silvan	Daniel Silvan Evans Welsh writer, was born near Llanarth, Cardiganshire; became chancellor of Bangor, and in recognition of his Welsh scholarship was ele...
Evans	Sebastian	Sebastian Evans Painter-poet and journalist, born at Market Bosworth, Leicestershire. In 1865 he published Brother Fabian's Manuscript and othe...
Evelyn	John	John Evelyn English diarist, was born at Wotton in Surrey. In 1642 he betook himself to Holland for three months, and on the outbreak of the civil...
Evremond	Charles Marguetel De Saint-Denis	Charles Marguetel De Saint-Denis Evremond Seigneur De Saint Evremond. French writer, born at St. Denis, near Coutances in Normandy. Entering the a...
Ewald	Alexander Charles	Alexander Charles Ewald English historical writer, born at Jerusalem, and in 1861 received a clership in the English Public Record Office, where for many...
Ewald	Johannes	Johannes Ewald Danish poet, ran away and enlisted in the Prussian service during the Seven Years's war. After his return home (1760), he wrote sev...
Ewing	Juliana Horatia	Juliana Horatia Ewing English writer for children, born at Ecclesfield, Yorkshire, a daughter of Margaret Gatty, author of Parables from Nature. M...
Ezekiel	%20	%20 Ezekiel A Hebrew prophet, was one of the temple priests deported to Babylon by Nebuchadnezzar, 597 B.C. (Ezek, 1:2, 3; 2 Kings 24:14 f.). Ezek...
Eötvös	Jozsef, Baron	Jozsef, Baron Eötvös Hungarian novelist and politician, was born at Budapest. First he employed his pen to aid Kossuth's reforms, writing plays, a...
Fabre	Ferdinand	Ferdinand Fabre French novelist, born at Bédarieux, in Hérault. It was in 1862 that he produced his first novel, Les Courbezon. He was cura...
Falconer	William	William Falconer Scottish poet, born in Edinburgh. After life at sea, he entered the navy, and was drowned with the Aurora frigate near Cap...
Falkland	Lucius Cary	Lucius Cary Falkland Second Viscount of Falkland. Was born at Burford in Oxfordshire. At Great Tew, near Oxford, he made his house a meeting-place...
Faria y Sousa	Manuel	Manuel Faria y Sousa Portuguese historian and poet, born at Pombeiro, but spent most of his life at the Spanish court (after 1619). Most of his wo...
Farjeon	Benjamin Leopold	Benjamin Leopold Farjeon English novelist. When young he went to the Australian gold-diggings, and migrated to those of New Zealand. He then becam...
Farquhar	George	George Farquhar British dramatist, was born in Londonderry. In 1695 he went on the Dublin stage; but timidity and a weak voice prevented his succe...
Favart	Charles Simon	Charles Simon Favart French dramatist, born in Paris, and became director of the Opera Comique before he was forty. Favart and his wife accompanie...
Fawcett	Edgar	Edgar Fawcett American writer, born in New York. His works chiefly consist of poems and novels, but he has also written some plays and a volume of...
Fay	Andraes	Andraes Fay Hungarian author and poet, born at Kohány (Zemplin). His Mesék, or Fables, was published in 1820, and was well received; and pl...
Fazi	Jean James	Jean James Fazi Swiss writer, born at Geneva. He founded the Radical newspaper Revue to Genève, and was responsible for the constitution drawn up ...
Fechner	Gustav Theodor	Gustav Theodor Fechner One of the leading philosophical thinkers of Germany, was born at Gross-Särchen, near Muskau, in Lower Lusatia, but lives mostly i...
Fenn	George Manville	George Manville Fenn English novelist, was born in London. He is the author of nearly two hundred books, and the writer of innumerable short stori...
Fenton	Elijah	Elijah Fenton English poet and translator, was born at Skelton, near Newcastle-under-Lyme, in Staffordshire. He was secretary to the Earl of Orrer...
Fenton	Sir Geoffrey	Sir Geoffrey Fenton English writer and politician, was probably born in Lincolshire. He dedicated to Lady Mary Sydney Certaine tragicall discou...
Ferguson	Sir Samuel	Sir Samuel Ferguson Irish poet and antiquary, was born in Belfast. He was called to the Irish bar (1838), and made deputy-keeper of public records...
Fergusson	Robert	Robert Fergusson Scottish poet, was born at Edinburgh. He became an extracting clerk in the commissary clerk's office, Edinburgh. His earliest pub...
Ferrari	Paolo	Paolo Ferrari Italian dramatist, born at Modena; a disciple of Goldoni. He made an early début, but only became famous after publishing Codicil...
Ferreira	Antonio	Antonio Ferreira Portuguese poet and dramatist, a founder of the classical school of Portuguese poetry, was born at Lisbon. His tragedy Inez de...
Ferrers	George	George Ferrers English poet and politician, born at St.Albans; called to the bar, and sat in the parliaments of 1542, 1545 and 1553, being also engaged i...
Ferrier	Susan Edmonstone	Susan Edmonstone Ferrier Scottish novelist, born in Edinburgh. In collaboration with Miss Clavering she began her first novel, Marriage, wh...
Feuillet	Octave	Octave Feuillet French novelist and playwright, born at St. Lô (La Manche), is remembered for several witty and pleasant works of fiction, including Le R...
Feydeau	Ernest Aimé	Ernest Aimé Feydeau French novelist, born in Paris, wrote several able works which reflect the decadent manners of the second empire. Fanny (1858;...
Field	Eugene	Eugene Field American journalist and poet, born at St.Louis, Missouri. After some experience upon newspapers in St. Louis, Kansas City, and Denver...
Field	Nathaniel	Nathaniel Field English actor and playwriter, was born in Cripplegate, London, enrolled in boyhood among the court 'children of the revels,' and afterwar...
Fielding	Henry	Henry Fielding English novelist, born at Sharpham Park, near Glastonbury, Somersetshire. He rapidly produced a series of plays, which, though favo...
Figueroa	Francisco De	Francisco De Figueroa Spanish poet, born at Alcala de Henares, was an Italianate follower of Boscan and Garcilaso de la Veja. His poems, mostly pa...
Filicaja	Vincenzo Da	Vincenzo Da Filicaja Italian poet, of noble Florentine family, won his first laurels by a series of stirring odes on the victory of Sobieski over the Tur...
Firenzuola	Agnolo or Angiolo	Agnolo or Angiolo Firenzuola Italian author, born at Florence, and lived at the court of Pope Clement VII. At the death of Clement, Firenzuola rem...
Fischart	Johann	Johann Fischart German writer and satirist, born at Strassburg - the designation of 'Mentzer' (Mainzer) he took from his father, a native of Mainz - was ...
Fischer	Johann Georg Von	Johann Georg Von Fischer German poet, born at Gross-Süssen, Würtemberg. In 1846 he was appointed professor at the Stuttgart Oberrealschule. His fi...
Fitch	William Clyde	William Clyde Fitch American dramatist, is a native of New York. He is the author of a number of successful plays, including Beau Brummel (...
Fitzgerald	Edward	Edward Fitzgerald English poet and translator, born at Bredfield House, near Woodbridge, Suffolk. At Cambridge (1826) he made friendships with Jam...
Fitzgerald	Percy Hether Ington	Percy Hether Ington Fitzgerald Irish novelist, born at Fane Valley, Co. Louth, Ireland. He was called to the Irish bar, and appointed crown prosec...
Fitzmaurice = Kelly	James	James Fitzmaurice = Kelly Writer on Spanish literature; examiner in Spanish for the University of Oxford in 1900 and 1902, and Taylorian lecturer in 1902...
Flatman	Thomas	Thomas Flatman English poet and miniaturist, was born at London. His miniatures are more esteemed than his Pindaric odes, religious verses, and tr...
Flaubert	Gustave	Gustave Flaubert French novelist, born at Rouen. Most of his life was spent at his paternal property of Croisset, on the Seine, the first steamboa...
Fleming	Paul	Paul Fleming German poet, born at Hartenstein in Saxony. He accompanied embassies sent by the Duke of Holstein to Russia and to Persia; and on his...
Fletcher	John	John Fletcher English dramatist, was born at Rye, Sussex. His collaboration as a dramatist with Francis Beaumont (1584-1616) began about 1607. The...
Fletcher	Giles	Giles Fletcher English poet, was born in London, and became reader in Greek (1615-18) at Cambridge. His poetry, religious in character, was writte...
Fletcher	Julia Constance	Julia Constance Fletcher American novelist and dramatist, her pen-name being George Fleming, daughter of the Rev. James Coolie Fletcher. She has writte...
Florian	Jean Pierre Claris De	Jean Pierre Claris De Florian French novelist, born near Paris and from early manhood was under the influence of Voltaire. He began his literary c...
Florio	John	John Florio Anglo-Italian author and translator, born in London. He was appointed (1603) teacher in Italian to Queen Anne, wife of James I., and i...
Fogazzaro	Antonio	Antonio Fogazzaro Italian poet, novelist, and philosopher, born at Vicenza. A staunch Roman Catholic, he has attempted in certain articles (trans....
Folard	Jean Charles	Jean Charles Folard Chevalier De Folard. French soldier and writer on military affairs, was born at Avignon. He was the first great advocate of th...
Folengo	Teofilo	Teofilo Folengo Italian monk and macaronic poet, known also by his alternative literary name, 'Merlino Coccajo,' born at Cipada, near Mantua; entered the...
Folgoré	Giuseppe	Giuseppe Folgoré Italian poet of the 13th century, wrote several sonnets, the merit of which is varying, some being excellent, others almost beneath cont...
Folquet de Marseille	%20	%20 Folquet de Marseille Provençal troubadour, son of a Genoese merchant who settled at Marseilles. On his father's death he inherited a fortune; ...
Fontane	Theodor	Theodor Fontane German poet and novelist; born at Neu-Ruppin in Brandenburg. After a journey to England in 1844, he settled down in Berlin and dev...
Fontanes	Louis	Louis Fontanes Marquis De Fontanes. French statesman poet, and journalist, born at Niort (Poitou) of an old Huguenot family. His first publication...
Fontenelle	Bernard Le Bouvier De	Bernard Le Bouvier De Fontenelle French author, born at Rouen. In 1677 he began to contribute to the Mercure Galant, of which his uncle, Th...
Ford	John	John Ford English dramatist, was born at Ilsington, Devonshire. Studied for the law and entered at Middle Temple (1602). His fame rests on his pla...
Fortiguerra	Nicolo, the younger	Nicolo, the younger Fortiguerra Italian poet, born at Pistoia. His satirical epic Il Ricciardetto (1738) is practically a continuation of A...
Foscolo	Ugo	Ugo Foscolo Italian poet and patriot, born at Zante in the Ionian Islands. His first production was a drama, Tieste (1797), which became very popu...
Fouqué	Friedrich Karl Heinrich De La Motte	Friedrich Karl Heinrich De La Motte Fouqué Friedrich Karl Heinrich De La Motte Fouqué. German novelist, was descended from an old Huguenot family, and wa...
Fracastoro	Girolamo	Girolamo Fracastoro Italian physician and poet, born at Verona; became professor of logic at Padua, but afterwards practised medicine with great success....
France	Jacques Anatole Thibault	Jacques Anatole Thibault France French novelist, was born in Paris. With great erudition he combines admirable charm of style. He made his début w...
Francis	Sir Philip	Sir Philip Francis Supposed author of the Junius Letters, was born in Dublin. After holding a junior clerkship under the secretary of state...
Francis, St.	Of Assisi	Of Assisi Francis, St. Founder of the Franciscan order, was the son of Pietro Bernardone, a wealthy travelling merchant of Assisi. In youth, the high spi...
Francis, St.	Of Sales	Of Sales Francis, St. Roman Catholic devotional writer, born at Annecy, in France. Entering the church, he became (1602) bishop of Genova. His eff...
Franck	Sebastian	Sebastian Franck German writer, was born at Donauwörth. He was a printer at Ulm from 1533 till 1539, then at Basel. Of his works, the most importa...
Frankl	Ludwig August	Ludwig August Frankl Baron Von Hochwart. Poet, of Jewish parentage, born at Chrast, in Bohemia. His journal, Sonntagsblätter, founded in 18...
Franzos	Karl Emil	Karl Emil Franzos Novelist, born in Podolia, Russia, the son of a Jewish doctor. From 1877-82 and from 1884-87 he lived in Vienna, in 1883 and aft...
Frapan	Ilse	Ilse Frapan Ilse Frapan - pseudonym of Ilse Levien. German novelist, was born at Hamburg. She has achieved great popularity by her admirable short...
Frazer	James George	James George Frazer Scottish writer on mythology, born at Glasgow. Elected a fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge (1879), he has devoted himself t...
Frechette	Louis Honoré	Louis Honoré Frechette French-Canadian poet, native of Point Levis, Quebec. Among his poetical works are: Mes Loisirs (1863); ...
Frederic	Harold	Harold Frederic American novelist and journalist, was born in Utica, New York; after gaining journalistic experience in America, went to London, and acte...
Freiligrath	Ferdinand	Ferdinand Freiligrath German poet, born at Detmold. The success of his first collection of Gedichte (1838) encouraged him to devote himself altoge...
Frese	Jakob	Jakob Frese Swedish poet, born at Viborg in Finland; was a clerk in the Swedish chancery at Stockholm. The weak health which clung to him all his...
Freytag	Gustav	Gustav Freytag German novelist and dramatist, was born at Kreuzburg, Silesia, and became a lecturer in German language and literature at Breslau (1839). ...
Fromentin	Fromentin, Eugène	Fromentin, Eugène Fromentin French painter and writer, born in La Rochelle. His first inclination towards art showed itself in 1840. The pictures ...
Frugoni	Carlo Innocenzio Maria	Carlo Innocenzio Maria Frugoni Italian poet, born at Genoa. In 1716 he became professor of rhetoric at Brescia, teaching later at Rome, Genoa, Bol...
Fulda	Ludwig	Ludwig Fulda German playwright, born at Frankfort-on-Main. Since 1888 he has lived in Berlin, except for the years 1894 to 1896, which he spent at...
Fuller	Sarah Margaret	Sarah Margaret Fuller American writer, born at Cambridgeport, Massachusetts. In early years she was a teacher, but in 1839 issued a translation of...
Fuller	Thomas	Thomas Fuller English divine, was born at Aldwinkle, Northamptoshire, the birthplace also of Dryden. He became in 1634 rector of Broadwinsor, Dors...
Fullerton	Lady Georgiana	Lady Georgiana Fullerton English novelist and philanthropist, born at Tixall Hall, Staffordshire, daughter of the first Earl Granville, married Alexander...
Gaboriau	Emile	Emile Gaboriau French author of detective stories, born at Saujon; became famous through his novel L'Affaire Lerouge, which appeared in Le Pays...
Gaimar	Geofrey	Geofrey Gaimar Poet, patronized by the court of Henry I. of England; wrote a history of England (L'Estorie des Engles), ending at the year 1100, i...
Gale	Norman Rowland	Norman Rowland Gale English poet and reviewer, born at Kew. His earlier poems, which were issued privately in pamphlet form between 1888 and 1891,...
Gallus	Caius Cornelius	Caius Cornelius Gallus Roman poet and statesman under Augustus. At Actium, in 31 B.C., he commanded a detachment in the army of Octavian, and afte...
Galt	John	John Galt Scottish novelist, born at Irvine, Ayrshire, and settled in London (1806). His first really successful work, The Ayrshire Legatees
Galvez de Montalvo	Luis	Luis Galvez de Montalvo Spanish poet, born at Guadalajara, principally known by his pastoral poem Pastor de Filida (1582), an extremely affected producti...
Garay	Janos	Janos Garay Hungarian poet, dramatist, and author, was born at Szegszard (Tolna). His epic poem, Csatár (1834) was followed by several hist...
Garborg	Arne	Arne Garborg Norwegian author, born in Jæderen, in S. Norway. Garborg began his career as a literary realist à outrance - e.g. in En Fritenkjar...
Garcia Gutierrez	Antonio	Antonio Garcia Gutierrez Spanish dramatist, born at Chiclana, prov. Cadiz. In 1836 he published his first tragedy, El Trovador, which was e...
Garnett	Richard	Richard Garnett English writer, is a native of Lichfield. He was appointed assistant librarian in the British Museam in 1851. He became assistant ...
Garnier	Robert	Robert Garnier French poet, born at La Ferté-Bernard (Sarthe), held a legal appointment at Le Mans. The merit of his tragedies has won for him the...
Garrett	João Baptista D' Almeida	João Baptista D' Almeida Garrett Portuguese poet, dramatist, and polotician, born in Oporto; took an active part in the liberal movement of 1820. ...
Garrick	David	David Garrick English actor and dramatist, born at Hereford. He was a pupil of Samuel Johnson, and in 1737 Johnson and Garrick went to London toge...
Garth	Sir Samuel	Sir Samuel Garth English physician and poet, born at Bowland Forest, Yorkshire, and became a popular physician in London. He delivered the Harveia...
Gaussen	François Samuel Robert Louis	François Samuel Robert Louis Gaussen Swiss theological writer, born at Geneva. After his association with Merle d'Aubigné in the establishment of ...
Gautier	Théophile	Théophile Gautier Poet, and one of the most influentical French prose writers of the middle of the 19th century, was born at Tarbes. As a man of l...
Gay	John	John Gay English poet, was born at Barnstaple in Devonshire. Going up to London, he published his first poem, Wine, in 1708. In 1712 he obt...
Geibel	Emanuel	Emanuel Geibel German poet, born at Lübeck. His first volume of Gedichte (1840; 129th ed.1902) was very successful. He lived at Lübeck unti...
Geijer	Frik Gustaf	Frik Gustaf Geijer Swedish historian and poet, born at Ransäter, Vermlamd, and became professor of history at Upsala (1817), and member of the Academy (1...
Geijerstam	Gustaf Af	Gustaf Af Geijerstam Swedish novelist. In 1882 appeared his first work, the collection of tales, Grkallt, which was the forerunner of numer...
Gellert	Christian Fürchtegott	Christian Fürchtegott Gellert German writer, born at Hainichen in Saxony, and associated with the Bremer Beiträgen, who rebelled against the autho...
Genlis	Stéphanie Félicité Ducrest De Saint-Aubin	Stéphanie Félicité Ducrest De Saint-Aubin Genlis Stéphanie Félicité Ducrest De Saint-Aubin Genlis - Countess De Genlis. Duchess de Chartres, govern...
George	Stefan	Stefan George German writer, born at Bingen, was, with Hugo von Hoffmannsthal (1874), leader of the Neuromantiker, who stated their programme in the firs...
Gerhardt	Dagobert Von	Dagobert Von Gerhardt German author and poet, known under the pseudonym of Gerhard von Amyntor, born at Liegnitz in Silesia; took an active part in the w...
Gerstenberg	Henrik Wilhelm Von	Henrik Wilhelm Von Gerstenberg German critc and author, born at Tondern in Schleswig. From 1775-1783 he was Danish resident at Lübeck, and began h...
Gertrude, St.	%20	%20 Gertrude, St. German mystical writer, lived in the convent at Helfta, near Eisleben. Exercices of St. Gertrude (Eng. trans.1863) is fam...
Gessner	Salomon	Salomon Gessner Swiss poet, painter, and engraver, was born at Zürich, where he carried on a bookseller's business. He first attracted public atte...
Gifford	William	William Gifford English editor and writer, was born at Ashburton. For some years he was travelling tutor to the son of his patron, Earl Grosvenor....
Gil y Zárate	Antonio	Antonio Gil y Zárate Spanish dramatic author, spent most of his life as an official in the ministry of the interior. His works being liberal and a...
Gilbert	William Schwenck	William Schwenck Gilbert English dramatist, is a Londoner by birth. His first play, Dulcamara, was produced in 1866; and in 1869 and 1873 h...
Gilchrist	Anne	Anne Gilchrist English miscellaneous writer, wife of the preceding, completed his Life of Blake (1863). Her magazine contributions, notably...
Gilder	Richard Watson	Richard Watson Gilder American editor and poet, born at Bordentown, New Jersey. He was managing editor and editor-in-chief of Scribner's and of th...
Gilfillan	Robert	Robert Gilfillan Scottish poet, born at Dunfermline. His best-known works are the charming songs Fare thee well; Why left I my hame? and a ...
Gillette	William Hooker	William Hooker Gillette American actor and dramatist, is a native of Hartford, Connecticut. He has been on the stage since 1877, is an accomplishe...
Giraldus Cambrensis	%20	%20 Giraldus Cambrensis Properly Giraldus De Barri, Welsh writer. Born in Pembrokeshire, he took orders (1172), attempted to reform the morals of ...
Gissing	George	George Gissing English novelist and man of letters, born at Wakefield in Yorkshire. He belongs to the uncompromisingly realistic school of fiction...
Giusti	Giuseppe	Giuseppe Giusti Italian satirical poet, born at Monsummano, near Florence. He won recognition, while yet a student, by his poem La Ghigliotteri...
Glapthorne	Henry	Henry Glapthorne English dramatist, was a friend of Lovelace and of Thomas Beedome, whose poems he edited in 1641. Among his plays are:Argalus and ...
Glareanus	Heinricus	Heinricus Glareanus Whose real name was Heinrich Loriti, Swiss humanist, native of the canton of Glarus, taught (1514-29) philosophy at Basel, subsequent...
Gleim	Johann Wilhelm Ludwig	Johann Wilhelm Ludwig Gleim German writer, was born at Ermsleben, near Halberstadt, and at Halle founded a literary society with Uz and Götz. In 1...
Glen	William	William Glen Scottish poet, was the son of a merchant in Glasgow. After an unsuccessful experience of trade and of farming, he published (1815) ce...
Glover	Richard	Richard Glover English poet, was born in London. At the age of sixteen he wrote some verses in memory of Sir Isaac Newton, and in 1737 he publishe...
Gneditsch	Nikolai Ivanovitch	Nikolai Ivanovitch Gneditsch Russian poet, born at Poltaya; passed from the education department at St. Petersburg to the imperial public library. ...
Goethe	Johann Wolfgang	Johann Wolfgang Goethe German poet, was born at Frankfort-on-Main. Goethe's life until 1775 is described in his Dichtung und Wahrheit (1811...
Gogol	Nikolai Vasilievitch	Nikolai Vasilievitch Gogol Russian author, was born at Sorochintsi in Poltava. After a short term as a government clerk, he produced his first fam...
Goldoni	Carlo	Carlo Goldoni Writer of Italian comedy, born at Venice. His first tragedy, Amalasunta, failed, but achieved success with Belisario (...
Goldschmidt	Meyer Aaron	Meyer Aaron Goldschmidt Danish publicist and author, born at Vordingborg, of Jewish extraction, first became famous and feared as editor of the Copenhage...
Goldsmith	Oliver	Oliver Goldsmith British author, born at Pallas, Co. Longford, Ireland. He became private tutor in a good family, but deserted the situation. Sent...
Gomes de Amorim	Francisco	Francisco Gomes de Amorim Portuguese poet, and novelist, born at Avelomar, near Oporto. He immigrated to Brazil, where was inspired by Almeida-Gar...
Gonçalves	Antonio Dias	Antonio Dias Gonçalves Brazilian poet, born at Caxias, Brazil. He endeavoured to create a national Brazilian school of poetry, though he wrote, of...
Goncharov	Ivan Alexandrovitch	Ivan Alexandrovitch Goncharov Russian novelist, born at Simbirsk; held posts in the finance department and the postal department successively. His...
Goncourt	Edmond De	Edmond De Goncourt Edmond De Goncourt (1822-1896), and his brother, Julies De Goncourt (1830-1870). French novelists, the first-named born at Nancy, the ...
Gongora y Argote	Luis	Luis Gongora y Argote Luis Gongora y Argote, or, more correctly, Luis Argote y Gongora. Spanish poet, born at Cordova. He was the leader of...
Gonzaga	Thomaz Antonio	Thomaz Antonio Gonzaga Brazilian poet, generally known as Dirceu, was born at Oporto, Portugal. He went (1768) to Brazil, and was made a judge in ...
Googe	Barnabe	Barnabe Googe English scholar and poet, was born at Alvingham, Lincolnshire, and entered the household of Sir W. Cecil. He became noted for his tr...
Gordon	Adam Lindsay	Adam Lindsay Gordon Australian poet, born at Fayal (Azores); joined the mounted police of S. Australia (1853), his after career embracing many vicissitud...
Gordon	Lucie	Lucie Gordon English authoress and translator, born in London, daughter of the jurist John Austin. She married in 1840 Sir Alexander C. Duff-Gordo...
Gore	Catherine Grace Frances	Catherine Grace Frances Gore English novelist, born at East Retford in Nottinghamshire. Her first novel, Theresa Marchmont, appeared in 182...
Gorky	Maximo	Maximo Gorky Maximo Gorky - pseudonym of Aleksei Maxinovitch Pyeshkov. Russian novelist, born at Nijni-Novgorod. He tried his hand at variou...
Gosse	Edmund William	Edmund William Gosse English critic and miscellaneous writer, was born in London, son of P.H. Gosse, the zoologist. He was appointed assistant lib...
Gottfried von Strassburg	%20	%20 Gottfried von Strassburg A German writer of the 13th century, author of an unfinished poem, Tristan und Isolde. It was written about 12...
Gottschall	Rudolf Von	Rudolf Von Gottschall German dramatist, novelist, and miscellaneous writer, was born at Breslau. He devoted himself to literature and the drama, th...
Gottsched	Johann Christoph	Johann Christoph Gottsched German writer, born at Judithenkirch, near Königsberg. At Leipzig he became president of the Deutschliebende poetisc...
Goudelin	Pierre	Pierre Goudelin Southern French poet (dial. Goudouli), was born and died at Toulouse. He receveid a classical education from the Jesuits. S...
Gower	John	John Gower English poet, was born of a family that owned land in Suffolk and Kent, and himself lived for at least some time at Ottord in the latter count...
Gozzi	Count Carlo	Count Carlo Gozzi Italian dramatist, born at Venice, brother of Gasparo; took a prominent part in the opposition to Goldoni, when the latter attempted to...
Grabbe	Christian Dietrich	Christian Dietrich Grabbe German dramatist, was born at Detmold; led a Bohemian life, and made unsuccessful dramatic attempts. The most important ...
Gracian	Baltasar	Baltasar Gracian Spanish prose writer, was born at Calatayud in Aragon. His principal book, El Criticon (1650-64), is a philosophical alleg...
Graf	Arturo	Arturo Graf Italian scholar and poet, of German descent, born at Athens; in 1874 became lecturer at Rome, and in 1882 professor of Italian literature at ...
Graham	Dougal	Dougal Graham Scottish chapbook writer, was, it is supposed, born at Raploch, near Stirling. He was a deformed peddler, and wrote a rhyming histor...
Grahame	James	James Grahame Scottish poet, born at Glasgow; was first a lawyer (1791-1809), then went to London and took Angelican orders. His best poems displa...
Grainger	James	James Grainger Scottish physician and poet, born at Duns in Berwickshire. Having settled in London, he became acquainted with Dr. Johnson, Smollet...
Granada	Luis De	Luis De Granada Luis De Granada, whose real name was Luis De Sarria. Spanish mystic and religious writer, born at Granada, and entered the Dominic...
Grand	Sarah	Sarah Grand Sarah Grand, pen-name of Frances Elizabeth M'Fall. English novelist, was born in Ireland. She established her reputation by her ...
Grant	James	James Grant British novelist, born in Edinburgh. In all he wrote about fifty novels, dealing chiefly with military life or stirring historical eve...
Gras	Félix	Félix Gras Provençal writer and poet, was born at Malemort, dep. Vaucluse. On the appearence of his first wild mountain epic, Li Carbounié ...
Gray	David	David Gray Scottish poet. In 1860 he went with his friend Robert Buchanan to London, but, attacked by consumption, he returned to die at his home ...
Gray	Thomas	Thomas Gray English poet, born in London. He had a friend in Horace Walpole, and went (1739) with him for a continental tour. They quarrelled at R...
Grazzini	Antonio Francesco	Antonio Francesco Grazzini Italian author, wrote several comedies, including La Gelosia, La Spiritata, I Parentadi, La Pinzochera, and L'Arzigo...
Greene	Robert	Robert Greene English dramatist and pamphleteer, was born in Norwick. By 1580 he had begun a busy literary life in London. Besides plays for the Q...
Greenwell	Dora	Dora Greenwell English religious poet and essayist, was born at Greenwell Ford in Durham. Her religious thought and its expression have a depth an...
Gregorovius	Ferdinand	Ferdinand Gregorovius German historian and poet, was born at Neidenburg, E. Prussia. His first work, Goethe's Wilhelm Meister in seinen soziali...
Greif	Martin	Martin Greif Pseudonym of Friedrich Hermann Frey, German dramatist, born at Spires. He was written a large number of historical plays - Nero
Gresset	Jean Baptiste Louis	Jean Baptiste Louis Gresset French poet, born at Amiens. Whilst a teacher in a Jesuit college at Rouen he published the poem Vert Vert (173...
Greville	Sir Fulke	Sir Fulke Greville Lord Brooke. English poet and statesman, was born at Beauchamp Court, Warwickshire. In 1577 he came to London with Sir Philip S...
Griboyedov	Alexander Sergievitch	Alexander Sergievitch Griboyedov Russian dramatist, born at Moscow. He was secretary to the Russian embassy in Persia, and subsequently in Georgia....
Griffin	Gerald	Gerald Griffin Irish dramatist, novelist, and poet, was born at Limerick. In 1823 he settled as a journalist in London, working also at dramatic c...
Grillparzer	Franz	Franz Grillparzer Austrian dramatist, was born at Vienna. In 1813 he entered the civil service, and in 1832 was made director of archives. In 1856...
Grimald	Nicholas	Nicholas Grimald English poet and theologian, was born of a Genoese family in Huntingdonshire. After 1543 he became a lecturer in rhetoric and cla...
Grimmelshausen	Hans Jakob Christoffel Von	Hans Jakob Christoffel Von Grimmelshausen Hans Jakob Christoffel Von Grimmelshausen. German novelist, was born at Gelnhausen, near Hanau, Hesse. I...
Gringore	Pierre	Pierre Gringore French satiric poet and dramatist, called Gringoire by Victor Hugo; born at Caen in Normandy; published Chasteau de Labour (1499) ...
Griswold	Rufus Wilmot	Rufus Wilmot Griswold American editor and writer, was born at Benson in Vermont, and engaged in printing and journalism in Philadelphia, Boston, and New ...
Groth	Klaus	Klaus Groth German poet, was a native of Heide, Holstein. He became lecturer on German language and literature at Kiel University in 1858, and was...
Grundtvig	Nicolai Frederik Severin	Nicolai Frederik Severin Grundtvig Danish theologian, historian, and author, born at Udby, in Zealand. After fiercely assailing rationalism genera...
Grundy	Sydney	Sydney Grundy English dramatist, is a native of Manchester, where he practised as a barrister till 1876. The Snowball (1879) was an adapta...
Gryphius	Andreas	Andreas Gryphius German dramatist, was born at Glogau. From 1639 to 1644 he lectured at Leyden, and became syndic of the principality of Glogau in...
Grävius	Johann Georg	Johann Georg Grävius German philologist, born at Naumberg, Saxony; obtained the professorship of rhetoric at Duisburg in 1656, another professorship at D...
Guérin	Eugénie De	Eugénie De Guérin French authoress, sister of Georges Maurice de Guérin (1810-39), was born near Albi. Both were mystics of a high order; but while he wa...
Guerrazzi	Francesco Domenico	Francesco Domenico Guerrazzi Italien author, born at Lenghorn. His historical novel, The Battle of Beneventum (1827), made him famous. Cons...
Guevara	Luis Velez De	Luis Velez De Guevara Spanish novelist and dramatist, was born at Ecija in Andalusia, and became court chamberlain to Philip IV. He wrote a vast n...
Guinicelli	Guido	Guido Guinicelli Italien poet, was born at Bologna. He became a judge in his native town, and in 1270 podesta of Castelfranco. However, he was ban...
Guittone of Arezzo	%20	%20 Guittone of Arezzo Italian poet, born at San Firmiano, near Arezzo; entered the order popularity known as the Frati Gaudenti (1269). About 128...
Gunning	Susannah	Susannah Gunning Susannah Gunning, née Susannah Minifie. Novelist, was married in 1768 to John Gunning of Castle-Coote, Co. Roscommon, Ireland, the...
Guthrie	William	William Guthrie Scottish writer, born at Brechin in Forfarshire; went to London (1730), and obtained work on the Gentleman's Magazine. He ...
Gutzkow	Karl Ferdinand	Karl Ferdinand Gutzkow German dramatist, born at Berlin. The circulation of his works was stopped, and he was imprisoned for three months, on acco...
Gyllembourg = Ehrensvärd	Thomasine Christine	Thomasine Christine Gyllembourg = Ehrensvärd Danish novelist, née Buntzen, married (1790) P.A. Heiberg, to whom she bore the famous J.L. Heiberg. ...
Günther	Johann Christian	Johann Christian Günther German poet, born at Striegau in Silesia, was one of the most original and gifted lyric poets of his time. His poems hav...
Habberton	John	John Habberton American novelist, born at Brooklyn; connected with Harper and Brothers (1865-72); has been on editorial staff of New York Herald (...
Habington	William	William Habington English poet and historian, was born at Hindlip, Worcestershire, and lived a quiet life of devotion to poetry and history. His v...
Hackländer	Friedrich Wilhelm Von	Friedrich Wilhelm Von Hackländer German novelist and comedy writer, was born at Burtscheid, near Aachen. He first made his mark with a study of mi...
Háfiz	%20	%20 Háfiz The greatest of Persian lyrical poets, was born at Shiraz early in the 14th century, his real name being Mohammed Shams ed-Din. Scarcely...
Hagedorn	Friedrich Von	Friedrich Von Hagedorn German poet, born at Hamburg. After a short residence in London (1729-31), he obtained (1733) the post of secretary to an a...
Haggard	Henry Rider	Henry Rider Haggard English novelist, was born at Bradenham in Norfolk. In 1875 he was appointed secretary to Sir Henry Bulwer, governor of Natal,...
Hahn = Hahn	Ida	Ida Hahn = Hahn Countess Ida Hahn. German novelist, born at Tressow in Mecklenburg-Schwerin. In 1850 she joined the Roman Catholic Church, entering...
Hake	Thomas Gordon	Thomas Gordon Hake English poet, sometimes called 'the parable poet,' was born at Leeds. He was physician to the country hospital of Suffolk from ...
Halevy	Léon	Léon Halevy French dramatist and poet, brother of Jacques François, was born at Paris, and was only four-and-twenty when a comedy of his, Le Duel,...
Halévy	Ludovic	Ludovic Halévy French dramatist and novelist, son of the preceding, and, like him, a native of Paris. Whilst in the civil service (1852-65) he wro...
Halifax	Charles Montagu	Charles Montagu Halifax Earl Of Halifax. English statesman and poet, born at Horton in Northamptonshire. He became Lord of the Treasury (1692), an...
Hall	Owen	Owen Hall Owen Hall - pen name of James Davis. English dramatic author, was editor of two defunct journals, the Bat (1885-7) and the Ph§nix ...
Hallam	Arthur Henry	Arthur Henry Hallam English poet, son of Henry Hallam, the historian, was born in London. His early death inspired Tennyson's noble elegy of In...
Halleck	Fitz-Greene	Fitz-Greene Halleck American poet, born at Guilford, Connecticut. He was for twenty years a clerk in a New York bank, and afterwards became privat...
Haller	Albrecht Von	Albrecht Von Haller German poet, physiologist, and botanist, born at Bern. He was appointed professor of medicine at Göttingen (1736), but retired...
Hallgrimsson	Jonas	Jonas Hallgrimsson Icelandic poet and critic, who spent most of his life after 1832 in Denmark. He was one of the small band of writers who throug...
Hamann	Johann Georg	Johann Georg Hamann German author, known from the oracular character of his writings as the 'Magus of the North,' was born at Königsberg, in E. Prussia; ...
Hamerling	Robert	Robert Hamerling Austrian poet, born at Kirchberg in Lower Austria; taught in the grammar school at Trieste from 1855 to 1866, and lay on a sickbed at Gr...
Hamilton	William	William Hamilton Of Gilbertfield, Scottish poet, was born at Ladyland, Ayrshire. His poem, Last Dying Words of Bonnie Heck, on the model of...
Hamilton	William	William Hamilton Scottish poet, was born at Bangour, Linlithgowshire. Joining the Jacobites during the '45, he escaped after Culloden to the Conti...
Hannay	James	James Hannay Scottish author, born at Dumfries; became a reporter for the Morning Chronicle, and in 1860 editor of the Edinburgh Evening Couran...
Hansson	Ola	Ola Hansson Swedish author, born at Hönsinge in S. Sweden; settled at Berlin. All his earlier works - Dikter (1884), Literära Silhouette...
Hardy	Alexandre	Alexandre Hardy French dramatist, born in Paris. Attaching himself to a provincial theatrical company, he wrote for it about six hundred pieces, s...
Hardy	Thomas	Thomas Hardy English novelist, was born near Dorchester. In 1856 he was articled to an architect in that town, but in 1862 moved to London and wor...
Harraden	Beatrice	Beatrice Harraden English novelist, born at Hampstead, near London. Her best books are Ships that Pass in the Night (1893), which had an ex...
Harris	Sir Augustus Henry Glossop	Sir Augustus Henry Glossop Harris English actor dramatist, and theatrical impresario, born in Paris; appeared as Malcolm in Macbeth at Manc...
Harte	Francis Bret	Francis Bret Harte American novelist and humorist, was born at Albany, New York. From 1868 to 1870 he edited the Overland Monthly, and duri...
Hartmann von Aue	%20	%20 Hartmann von Aue German poet. He appears to have been a Swabian by birth, a knight in rank, and a man of superior education for his age. He jo...
Harvey	Gabriel	Gabriel Harvey English poet, born at Saffron Walden, Essex. He became an intimate friend of Spenser, was the Hobbinol of The Shepheard's Calend...
Hatton	Joseph	Joseph Hatton English novelist and journalist, born at Andover. He was special correspondent in Europe for the New York Times and the Sy...
Hauch	Johannes Carsten	Johannes Carsten Hauch Danish poet, born at Frederikshald (Norway); became professor of Scandinavian literature at Kiel (1846), and professor of æsthetic...
Hauptmann	Gerhard	Gerhard Hauptmann German dramatist, was born at Salzbrunn in Silesia. He began his career as a disciple of Ibsen and the 'naturalists' in 1889, wi...
Havergal	Frances Ridley	Frances Ridley Havergal English poetess (writer of hymns) and practical philanthropist, was born at Astley, Worcestershire, the daughter of the Rev. W.H....
Hawes	Stephen	Stephen Hawes English poet, was probably a native of Suffolk; became groom of the privy chamber to Henry VII. His poetical works include:The ...
Hawker	Robert Stephen	Robert Stephen Hawker English poet, grandson of Dr. Hawker, author of Morning and Evening Portions, was born at Stoke Damerel, Plymouth. Bishop Ph...
Hawthorne	Nathaniel	Nathaniel Hawthorne American author, born at Salem, Massachusetts. In 1828 he published Fanshawe (a novel) anonymously. During the early pa...
Hawtrey	Charles Henry	Charles Henry Hawtrey Actor and dramatist, born at Eton; made a good beginning in The Colonel (1881). His adaptation of The Private Secr...
Hayward	Abraham	Abraham Hayward English essayist, born at Wilton, near Salisbury. He founded and was joint-editor of the Law Magazine (1828). His translations of ...
Haywood	Mrs. Eliza	Mrs. Eliza Haywood English authoress, born in London; appeared in public as an actress in Dublin about 1715, and afterwards in London. Under the n...
Hearn	Lacadio	Lacadio Hearn Writer, was born in the Ionian Islands and Greek parentage. He became a naturalized subject of the Japonese empire, under the name o...
Hebbel	Friedrich	Friedrich Hebbel German poet, born in Ditmarschen (Schleswig-Holstein), and settled at Vienna (1846). Besides his Gedichte (2 vols. 1842 an...
Hebel	Johann Peter	Johann Peter Hebel Swiss-German poet, born at Bassel; became professor at the Karlsruhe gymnasium (1791), and held various ecclesiastical preferments. ...
Heiberg	Johan Ludvig	Johan Ludvig Heiberg Danish dramatist and critic, a student of Calderon (by whom he was largely influenced), and the inventor of the romantico-comic Dani...
Heidenstam	Werner Von	Werner Von Heidenstam Swedish author, born at Olshammer in Orebro; one of the most brilliant masters of style in modern Sweden, and the reviver of the hi...
Heine	Heinrich (Harry)	Heinrich (Harry) Heine German poet, was born at Düsseldorf, of Jewish parents. Harry shared his father's French sympathies and worship Napoleon, t...
Heinsius	Daniel	Daniel Heinsius Dutch scholar, whose real name was Heins or Heyns, was born at Ghent, and studied at Leyden under Joseph Scaliger, whom he succeeded as p...
Heliodorus	%20	%20 Heliodorus Writer of Greek romance, was a Syrian, who lived about the end of the 4th century, and was in later life bishop of Tricca in Thessaly. ...
Hemans	Felicia Dorothea	Felicia Dorothea Hemans English poetess, born at Liverpool. Her first book of poems was published in 1808, followed in 1812 by a volume of some pr...
Henley	William Ernest	William Ernest Henley English critic and poet, born at Gloucester. He was editor of London (1877-8), of the Magazine of Art (1882-6), of the Sc...
Henryson	Robert	Robert Henryson Scottish poet, apparently a native of Fife. In all likelihood he was in priest's orders, and he may have been master of the gramma...
Herculano de Carvalho	Alexandre	Alexandre Herculano de Carvalho Portuguese poet and historian, born at Lisbon. In 1828-32 he lived in Paris and London, to escape the despotism of...
Herder	Johann Gottfried Von	Johann Gottfried Von Herder German writer, was born at Mohrungen in East Prussia. From 1762-4 he studied theology at Königsberg, learning most fro...
Heredia	José Maria De	José Maria De Heredia French poet, born near Santiago de Cuba, of mixed Spanish and French blood. With Coppée, Sully-Prudhomme, Verlaine, and othe...
Hermogenes	%20	%20 Hermogenes Greek rhetorician, born at Tarsus (Cilicia), flourished in the reign of Marcus Aurelius (2nd century), who sat at his feet. Before...
Herne	James A.	James A. Herne American actor and dramatist, was born at Troy, New York. For the last twenty years of his life he appeared almost exclusively in h...
Herondas	or Herodas	or Herodas Herondas An ancient Greek writer of mimes, or scenes descriptive of everyday life; his works were only recovered in 1891 on papyri found in Eg...
Herrera	Fernando De	Fernando De Herrera Spanish poet, born in Seville, chief of the so-called 'Seville' school. His odes, especially in hendecasy Ilabic metre, are un...
Herrick	Robert	Robert Herrick English poet, was son of a London goldsmith. He joined the band of young wits and poets who clustered round Ben Jonson, but must ha...
Hertz	Henrik	Henrik Hertz Danish author, born at Copenhagen of Jewish extraction, but became a Protestant. As a poet he belongs to Heiberg's school. His Gje...
Hervey	James	James Hervey English religious writer, born at Hardingstone, near Northampton; succeeded to the family living of Weston Favell (1752). His chief ...
Hervieu	Paul Ernest	Paul Ernest Hervieu French novelist and dramatist, born at Neuilly-sur-Seine. In 1882 published his first book, Diogène le Chien, which attr...
Herwegh	Georg	Georg Herwegh German lyric poet, born at Stuttgart; published Gedichte eines Lebendigen (1841), which were extremely popular. He joined th...
Hettner	Hermann Jules Theodor	Hermann Jules Theodor Hettner German litterateur, was born at Leysersdorf, Silesia, and was appointed professor of æsthetics at Jena, and afterwar...
Hewlett	Maurice Henry	Maurice Henry Hewlett English novelist, born at Shaw Hill, Addington, Kent; was keeper of Land Revenue Records and Enrolments (1896-1900). Among his wo...
Heyse	Paul	Paul Heyse German novelist, born in Berlin, is a graceful and artistic writer, who excels in the short story, his strenght lying in the skill with which ...
Heywood	John	John Heywood English dramatist, was probably born in London. Having been introduced at court by Sir Thomas More, he became musician and provider o...
Heywood	Thomas	Thomas Heywood English dramatist, born in Lincolnshire; began to write for the stage in 1596, and in 1598 was an actor in Henslowe's company. He wa...
Hichens	Robert Smythe	Robert Smythe Hichens English novelist, was born at Speldhurst, Kent; became a student at the Royal College of Music. He published The Green Ca...
Hicks	Edward Seymour	Edward Seymour Hicks English actor and author, born at St.Heliers, Jersey; joined the Gaiety company as principal light comedian (1893). He is the...
Hiel	Emmanuel	Emmanuel Hiel Flemish poet, born near Dendermonde. Was a civil servant and professor at the conservatory of music in Brussels; one of the chief lyr...
Hill	Aaron	Aaron Hill English poet, born in London; was authorof poems, such as the Progress of Wit (1730), and plays. He also translated Voltaire's Zaïre...
Hippolytus	%20	%20 Hippolytus Christian writer, is supposed to have been born in the East, and to have died in exile in Sardinia; but the facts of his life are little k...
Hipponax	%20	%20 Hipponax A Greek iambic poet of the 6th century B.C. He was expelled by the tyrants of his native city, Ephesus, on account of his love of lib...
Hobbes	John Oliver	John Oliver Hobbes Pen-name of Mrs. Pearl Mary Theresa Craigie, née Richards, Anglo-American novelist, born at Boston, Massachusetts. Her novels, ...
Hogg	James	James Hogg 'the Ettrick Shepherd,' Scottish poet, song-writer, and essayist, was born at Ettrickhall, in the valley of the Ettrick, Selkirkshire. ...
Holberg	Ludwig	Ludwig Holberg Baron Ludwig Holberg. Father of the Danish drama, was born at Bergen in Norway. In 1706-8 he resided in England, where he adopted th...
Holcroft	Thomas	Thomas Holcroft English playwright and novelist, born in Leicester Fields, London. He became prompter and strolling player at twenty-five; was aft...
Holmes	Emra	Emra Holmes English writer of poems, tales, and sketches, was born at Cleeve in Gloucestershire, and was apponted collector of customs at Fowey in 1877. ...
Holmes	Oliver Wendell	Oliver Wendell Holmes American author, born at Cambridge, Massachusetts. In 1835 he began to practise medicine in Boston. In the following year he...
Holtei	Karl Von	Karl Von Holtei German poet and playwright, born at Breslau; he made his début there in 1819, but abandoned acting for theatrical management and writing,...
Home	John	John Home Scottish dramatist, was born at Leith. Appointed in 1747 minister in 1747 minister of Athelstaneford, E. Lothian, he wrote (1749-54) his...
Homer	%20	%20 Homer The author of the Iliad, probably lived in the 12th century B.C. His birthplace is doubtful; even in antiquity seven cities conte...
Hone	William	William Hone English author, born at Bath. For writing a travesty of the Prayer-book he was thrice prosecuted for blasphemy, but was acquitted. Hi...
Hood	Basil	Basil Hood English dramatic author, has written a large number of dramatic pieces, chiefly librettos, among them The Gypsies, Donna Luiza, Her Royal H...
Hood	Thomas	Thomas Hood English poet, was born in the Poultry, London. In 1821 he became sub-editor of the London Magazine; to it be contributed verse,...
Hooft	Pierre Corneliszoon	Pierre Corneliszoon Hooft Dutch poet and historian, son of a burgomaster of Amsterdam. He became mayor of Muiden, where he gathered round him a li...
Hook	Theodore Edward	Theodore Edward Hook English wit, dramatist, novelist, and journalist, was born in London. He began by writing farces and dramas for Matthews, Lis...
Hope	Anthony	Anthony Hope Anthony Hope - Pseudonym of Anthony Hope Hawkins. English novelist, was born in London. He published A Man of Mark in 18...
Horace	%20	%20 Horace Roman poet, whose full name was Quintus Horatius Flaccus, was born near Venusia in Apulia. He was not by race of Roman blood, but was e...
Hortensius	Quintus	Quintus Hortensius Was perhaps, after Cicero, the most famous orator of ancient Rome. He belonged to the aristocratic party, and supported Sulla i...
Houssaye	Arsène	Arsène Houssaye French litterateur, whose proper name was Housset, was born at Bruyères (Aisne), and made a literary name at twenty-one. During t...
Howard	Bronson	Bronson Howard American dramatist, is a native of Detroit. He is the author of a number of successful plays, of which several - including The ...
Howells	William Dean	William Dean Howells American novelist and author, born at Martin's Ferry, Ohio. In 1860 he wrote a Life of Lincoln, at that time a candid...
Hroswitha	%20	%20 Hroswitha German poetess, was born of a noble Saxon family, and entered the Benedictine nunnery of Gandersheim, Brunswick, where she died. Hr...
Huber	Johann Nepomuk	Johann Nepomuk Huber German writer on philosophy and theology, was born at Munich, where he became professor (1864), and identified himself with the Old...
Huerta	Vicente Garcia De La	Vicente Garcia De La Huerta Spanish poet, born at Zafra (Estremadura); became chief librarian of the royal library. He was a violent opponent of ...
Hugo	Victor Marie	Victor Marie Hugo The greatest among French poets, born at Besançon. Young Victor began to write at the age of fourteen, and before his twentieth ...
Hume	Fergus	Fergus Hume English novelist, born in England, but of New Zealand parentage, in 1888 produced The Mystery of a Hansom Cab, which attained an enor...
Hungerford	Margaret Wolfe	Margaret Wolfe Hungerford Irish novelist, was born in Ireland. Mrs. Hungerford's principal novels are Phyllis (1877), Molly Bawn (1...
Hunt	James Henry Leigh	James Henry Leigh Hunt English essayist and poet, was born at Southgate, Middlesex. In 1801 his father published a selection from his verses, ...
Hurd	Richard	Richard Hurd English prelate and writer, was born at Congreve, Staffordshire. Appointed Whitehall preacher (1750), he afterwards became successiv...
Hurtado de Mendoza	Diego	Diego Hurtado de Mendoza Spanish statesman and man of letters, born in Granada; was ambassador to England in 1538, and subsequently to Venice and Rome; ...
Hutten	Ulrich Von	Ulrich Von Hutten German author, was born at the castle of Steckelberg, near Fulda. He escaped from the monastery of Fulda in 1505, preferring th...
Huygens	Constantijn	Constantijn Huygens Dutch poet, born at the Hague; served the House of Orange faithfully as a statesman for six years. One of the most original poets of ...
Huysmans	Joris Karl	Joris Karl Huysmans French novelist, born in Paris, of Dutch extraction. He has written several works of considerable popularity, begining with <...
Hyne	Charles John Cutcliffe Wright	Charles John Cutcliffe Wright Hyne English novelist and traveller, born at Bibury in Gloucestersgire. Atan early age he contributed to English ma...
Hyslop	James	James Hyslop Scottish poet, born at Damhead, Dumfriesshire; was a self-taught shepherd lad, but became in turn schoolmaster, parliamentary reporter, and...
Häring	Georg Wilhelm Heinrich	Georg Wilhelm Heinrich Häring German novelist, born at Breslau, wrote under the name of 'Willibald Alexis.' His first success was won in 1823; wit...
Hölderlin	Johann Christian Friedrich	Johann Christian Friedrich Hölderlin German poet, born at Lauffen in Würtemberg. Falling under the influence of Fichte and Schiller, he took to li...
Ibn Qutayba	Abu Muhammad	Abu Muhammad Ibn Qutayba Abu Muhammad 'Abdullah Ibn Muslim Ibn Qutayba was born at Bagdad and lived at Kufa (Iraq) untill one gave him a position as a ju...
Ibsen	Henrik	Henrik Ibsen Norwegian dramatist and poet, born at Skien. In 1850 he published his first drama, Catilina. Through the influence of the violinist ...
Ibycus	%20	%20 Ibycus A Greek lyric poet of the 6th century B.C., was a native of Rhegium in Italy, but lived chiefly at the court of Polcrates, tyrant of Samos. ...
Iglesias de la Casa	José	José Iglesias de la Casa Spanish poet, born at Salamanca. In 1783 he took holy orders, and was successively priest of Larodrigo and Carbajosa de ...
Image	Selwyn	Selwyn Image English artist, born at Bodiam, Sussex. He studied art under Ruskin, and is known as a decorative artist and craftsman, especially i...
Immermann	Karl Leberecht	Karl Leberecht Immermann German novelist and dramatist, was born at Magdeburg. After fighting at Ligny and Waterloo under Blücher, he entered the...
Inchbald	Mrs.Elizabeth	Mrs.Elizabeth Inchbald English actress, dramatist, and novelist, was born at Stanningfield, Suffolk. In spite of an impediment in her speech, she...
Ingelow	Jean	Jean Ingelow English poetess and novelist, born at Boston, Lincolnshire. Her first acknowledged volume of Poems appeared in 1863. Less pop...
Ingemann	Bernhard Severin	Bernhard Severin Ingemann Danish author born at Thorkildstrup, island of Falster, and taught at the academy at Sorö (1822-62). Of his earlier wor...
Ingleby	Clement Mansfield	Clement Mansfield Ingleby English Shakespearean scholar and philosophical writer, born at Edgbaston, Birmingham. His chief books were The Shak...
Iriarte	Tomas De	Tomas De Iriarte Spanish man of letters, born in the Canary Isles; was a writer of the newer French school fashionable in Spain under Charles III. ...
Irving	Washington	Washington Irving American author, was born in New York. At twenty-one he went to Europe for two years, and on his return wrote the Salmagundi...
Isaiah	%20	%20 Isaiah The greatest of the Hebrew prophets, was born c. 760 B.C., and died some time subsequent to 701 B.C. He was the son of one Amoz, was called t...
Isocrates	%20	%20 Isocrates One of the ten Attic orators, was a native of Athens, and was taught by Prodicus, Gorgias, and Socrates. He early began to teach th...
Iswar Chandra	%20	%20 Iswar Chandra Bengalese writer and social reformer, born at Birsinha in Bengal, of Brahman descent. In 1847 he published in Bengali the Tw...
Jackson	Helen Maria	Helen Maria Jackson American novelist, known as 'H.H.' and born at Amherst, Massachusetts. Her best-known books are A Century of Dishonour...
Jacobs	Joseph	Joseph Jacobs Author, was born at Sidney, N.S.W. He lectured in the United States in 1896. He was written copiously, but not exclusively, on Jewi...
Jacobs	William Wymark	William Wymark Jacobs Humorous writer, born in London, entered the savings-bank department of the post office (1883), from which he retired in 1899, con...
Jacobsen	Jens Peter	Jens Peter Jacobsen Danish novelist, born at Thisted in Jutland; won fame especially after the publication of Fru Marie Grubbe (1876), a masterly...
Jacopone da Todi	%20	%20 Jacopone da Todi Italian religious poet; entered the Franciscan order, and wrote religious poems that breathe the most passionate asceticism. ...
Jago	Richard	Richard Jago English poet, held three Warwickshire livings from 1746 to 1771. In the latter year he resigned two of them, retaining the vicarage ...
James	George Payne Rainsford	George Payne Rainsford James English novelist, born in London. Widely popular in their time, his works are of no artistic merit, though accuracy ...
James	Henry	Henry James American novelist, brother of William James, psychologist. From 1871 onwards he has produced a series of novels, dealing mainly with ...
Jameson	Anna Brownell	Anna Brownell Jameson Irish authoress, born at Dublin. She lived chiefly apart from her husband, and wrote historical and literary studies - chie...
Jami	Nureddin Ardurrahman	Nureddin Ardurrahman Jami Persian poet, was born at Jam (Khorassan). His best-known poems are Yusuf and Salikha (Eng. trans. 1889), Mej...
Janin	Jules Gabriel	Jules Gabriel Janin Novelist and critic, born at St. Etienne (Loire); was theatrical critic of the Journal des Débats from 1836 till his death. ...
Japp	Alexander Hay	Alexander Hay Japp Scottish author and editor, born at Dun, Forfarshire. He edited the Sunday Magazine, and was also sub-editor of the ...
Jasmin	Jacques	Jacques Jasmin Gascon barber-poet, a native of Agen, whose real name was Jacques Boé. His works were published as Las Papillôtos ('The Cur...
Jay	Harriet	Harriet Jay Authoress and actress, was practically adopted by Robert Buchanan, who married her elder sister. She published anonymously The Que...
Jayadeva	%20	%20 Jayadeva A Hindu poet of the 12th century, whose religious drama, Gîtagovinta, has been compared with the Song of Solomon. Both poems ...
Jeaffreson	John Cordy	John Cordy Jeaffreson English author and novelist, born at Framlingham in Suffolk; led the life of a professional man of letters, writing successful nov...
Jefferies	John Richard	John Richard Jefferies English novelist and naturalist, born at Coate Farm, near Swindon, Wiltshire. From 1866-7 he acted as reporter to the N...
Jerdan	William	William Jerdan Critic and writer, was born at Kelso, Scotland. From 1817 to 1851 he was editor of the Literary Gazette, London, and also wr...
Jeremiah	%20	%20 Jeremiah One of the greatest of the Hebrew prophets. He was the son of Hilkiah, a priest, and was called to the prophetic office in the thirt...
Jerome	Jerome Klapka	Jerome Klapka Jerome English author and editor, born at Walsall. In 1885 he published On the Stage and Off, followed by Idle Thoughts of...
Jerrold	Douglas William	Douglas William Jerrold English dramatist, journalist, and author, born in London. A criticism of the opera Der Freischütz, sent to his ma...
Jerrold	Walter Copeland	Walter Copeland Jerrold English author and journalist, born at Liverpool, grandson of Douglas Jerrold, became connected with the Observer, of whi...
Jerrold	William Blanchard	William Blanchard Jerrold English author and journalist, born in London, son of Douglas Jerrold, published as his first work A Story of Social Distin...
Jodelle	Etienne	Etienne Jodelle French poet, born at Paris. The friend of Ronsard and Du Bellay, he substituted classic plays for the mysteries and morality play...
Johnson	Lionel	Lionel Johnson English poet and critic, was born at Broadstairs. He came to London, and devoted himself to literature and journalism. His monogra...
Johnson	Richard	Richard Johnson English author, is thought to have been a member of the household of Anne, wife of James I. He wrote the Famous Historie of th...
Jókai	Mór or Maurus	Mór or Maurus Jókai Novelist of Hungary, was born at Komorn. His first book, Hétközndpok (1845), marked an era in Hungarian literature, an...
Jones	Ebenezer	Ebenezer Jones English poet, was born at Islington; became (1837) clerk in a city warehouse. His first volume of poetry - Studies of Sensation...
Jones	Henry Arthur	Henry Arthur Jones English dramatist, was born at Grandborough, Bucks. He had been engaged for some years in commercial pursuits when he obtained...
Jonson	Ben	Ben Jonson English poet and dramatist, claimed descent from the Johnstons of Annandale. He was probably born in Westminster. He served in the Eng...
Jordan	Thomas	Thomas Jordan English poet, born in London; led a precarious existence as actor, pamphleteer, and writer of verses, until in 1671 he was appointed poet ...
Joseph of Exeter		Joseph of Exeter Joseph of Exeter, in Lat. Josephus Iscanus. Mediæval Latin poet, was a friend of Baldwin, archbishop of Canterbury, whom he accom...
Jovellanos	Gaspar Melchor De	Gaspar Melchor De Jovellanos Spanish author and statesman, born at Gijon; was for a time resident in England, and a friend of Lord Holland. He was...
Jusserand	Jean Adrien Antoine	Jean Adrien Antoine Jusserand French author and diplomatist, born at Lyons; entered the Foreign Office (1878), and was appointed French ambassador at Wa...
Jörgensen	Jens Johannes	Jens Johannes Jörgensen Danish author, born at Svendborg, the leader of the Danish symbolists who waged war against realism in their journal, Taarnet (1...
Kaalund	Hans Vilhelm	Hans Vilhelm Kaalund Danish poet, born at Copenhagen. His chief works are:Fabler (1844); Fabler for Börn (4th ed. 1884); Et Foraar...
Kálidása	%20	%20 Kálidása Indian poet, belongs to the poste-Vedic period of Sanskrit literature. Tradition assigns him to the 1st century B.C.; modern scholar...
Kames	Henry Home Lord	Henry Home Lord Kames Scottish judge and metaphysical writer, born at Kames, Berwickshire, and was elevated to the bench (1752). He was a volumin...
Kant	Immanuel	Immanuel Kant One of the greatest of philosophers, whose system indeed is the central fact in modern philosophy, was born at Königsberg on April 22, 172...
Karr	Jean Baptiste Alphonse	Jean Baptiste Alphonse Karr French novelist and journalist, born at Paris. His Sous les Tilleuls (1832), an autobiographical romance, full...
Kavanagh	Julia	Julia Kavanagh Irish authoress, was born at Thurles in Tipperary. She is the authoress of Madeleine (1848), descriptive of life in Auvergn...
Keary	Annie	Annie Keary English novelist, born near Wetherby in Yorkshire. While looking after her brother's motherless children, she wrote Little Wanderl...
Keats	John	John Keats English poet, born in London. In this brief life - a 'mature' career of some five years or so - this humbly born cockney youth became ...
Keble	John	John Keble English divine and poet, was born at Fairford, Gloucestershire, and became fellow of Oriel (1811) and tutor (1818), and professor of poetry at Oxfo...
Keller	Gottfried	Gottfried Keller Swiss novelist, born at Glattfelden, near Zürich. The success of a volume of Gedichte (1846) gave him a definite bent towards li...
Kellgren	Johan Henrik	Johan Henrik Kellgren Swedish poet, born at Floby in W. Gothland. Along with Lenngren he started at Stockholm (1778) Stockholms Posten, wh...
Kemble	Frances Anne	Frances Anne Kemble English actress and writer, known as Fanny Kemble, daughter of Charles Kemble, was born in London, and reluctantly joined the stage ...
Kempis	Thomas À	Thomas À Kempis Religious writer, was born at Kempen, N.W. of Düsseldorf, in the diocese of Cologne. When twelve years of age he became a pupil o...
Kendall	Henry Clarence	Henry Clarence Kendall 'Poet of the Australian bush,' was born in Ulladalla district, New South Wales. After being a clerk in the public service ...
Kent	William Charles Mark	William Charles Mark Kent Pseudonym, Mark Rochester - English poet, miscellaneous writer, and journalist. He was editor of the Sun (1845-70...
Kenyon	John	John Kenyon Philanthropist and minor poet, born in Jamaica. Among his literary friends were Rogers, Southey, Lamb, and chiefly the Brownings. Fro...
Kernahan	Coulson	Coulson Kernahan English critic and writer, born at Ilfracombe; literary adviser (till 1905) to Messrs. Ward, Lock, and Co. He was written severa...
Kerner	Andreas Justinus	Andreas Justinus Kerner German lyric poet, born at Ludwigsburg; became the intimate friend of Uhland, and practised medicine successively at Wildbad and...
Key	Francis Scott	Francis Scott Key American lawyer and poet, born in Maryland; was the author of the national lyric, The Starspangled Banner. In 1857 he published...
Keyser	Jakob Rudolf	Jakob Rudolf Keyser Norwegian author, born at Christiania, where he lectured on history from 1829. With Munch he issued Norges Gamble Love (1846...
Kielland	Alexander Lange	Alexander Lange Kielland Norwegian author, born at Stavanger; has been burgomaster of his native place since 1891. One of the leading Norwegian n...
Kierbegaard	Sören Aabye	Sören Aabye Kierbegaard The greatest of Danish thinkers, was born at Copenhagen. His literary activity is devisible into two periods. In the firs...
Killigrew	Thomas	Thomas Killigrew English dramatist, born in London, son of Sir Robert Killigrew, became page to Charles I. (1633), and the companion of Charles II. in e...
Killigrew	Sir William	Sir William Killigrew English dramatist, elder brother of Thomas Killigrew, was gentleman-usher to Charles I., and suffered for his adherence to the roy...
King	Henry	Henry King English poet and divine, son of John King, bishop of London, was educated at Westminster and Christ Church, Oxford. He took orders, be...
Kinkel	Johann Gottfried	Johann Gottfried Kinkel German poet, born at Oberkassel, near Bonn, and became (1846) professor of poetry and art at Bonn University. A friend of...
Kipling	John Lockwood	John Lockwood Kipling English sculptor, author and illustrator, was born at Pickering, Yorkshire, and entered the Indian Civil Service (1867). He...
Kipling	Rudyard	Rudyard Kipling English novelist and poet, was born in Bombay, Dec. 30, 1865. He was educated in England at the United Service College, West-Ward...
Kisfaludy	Karoly	Karoly Kisfaludy Hungarian dramatist, born at Tet, co. Raab. He is regarded as the founder of the national theatre. His best works are The Tar...
Kisfaludy	Sandor	Sandor Kisfaludy Hungarian poet and man of letters, the elder brother of Karoly, born at Sümeg, Zala co. His most celebrated works are Himfy's...
Kleist	Ewald Christian Von	Ewald Christian Von Kleist German poet, born near Köslin; served under Frederick the Great, and was mortally wounded at Kunersdorf. His best-know...
Kleist	Heinrich Von	Heinrich Von Kleist German dramatist of the romantic school, was born at Frankfort-Oder. He was harassed till the day of his suicide, beside Wan ...
Klinger	Friedrich Maximillian Von	Friedrich Maximillian Von Klinger German poet and playwright, was born at Frankfort-on-Main; was from 1780 to 1830 in Russian service, chiefly as head o...
Klopstock	Friedrich Gottlieb	Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock German poet, was born at Quedlinburg. He was a pupil at Schulpforta (1739-45), and there conceived the idea of writi...
Knowles	James Sheridan	James Sheridan Knowles British dramatist, born at Cork, his father being first cousin of Richard Brinsley Sheridan. The son became acquainted with...
Kock	Charles Paul De	Charles Paul De Kock French novelist, was born at Paris. He published about one hundred novels, in which, in witty, vulgar, and realistic fashion...
Kollar	Jan	Jan Kollar Slovak poet, born at Mossocz (Thurocz co.), Hungary, was a pastor in Pesth, then professor of archæology at Vienna until his death. Hi...
Kotliarevski	Ivan Petrovitch	Ivan Petrovitch Kotliarevski Little Russian poet, born at Poltava; was a civil servant, and afterwards fought in Turkey. The principal work of hi...
Kotzebue	August Friedrich Ferdinand Von	August Friedrich Ferdinand Von Kotzebue German dramatist, a native of Weimar; spent his life partly in high administrative offices in Russia and partly i...
Krag	Thomas Peter	Thomas Peter Krag Norwegian novelist, born at Kragerö. Principal works: Eensomme Mennesker (1893); Ada Wilde (1896) and Ulf Ran (1897); ...
Krag	Vilhelm	Vilhelm Krag Norwegian poet, born at Christiansand, brother of Thomas Krag. The best of his works, which are inspired by a somewhat melancholy pe...
Kraszewski	Jozep Ignacy	Jozep Ignacy Kraszewski Polish author, born at Warsaw; edited (1841-52) the Athenæum at Vilna. He became editor of the Gazeta Codzienna...
Krazinski	Zygmunt Count	Zygmunt Count Krazinski Polish poet, born at Paris. A meeting with Mickiewicz at Geneva (1830) proved the seed of his poetical inspiration. He li...
Kriloff	Ivan Andreevitch	Ivan Andreevitch Kriloff Russian fabulist, born at Moscow. He was for some time secretary to the governor of Livonia, and held an appointment in ...
Krüdener	Barbara Juliana Von	Barbara Juliana Von Krüdener Russian mystic, born at Riga. Adopting the views of the Pietists, she devoted herself to preaching and prophesying. ...
Kyd, or Kip Thomas	%20	%20 Kyd, or Kip Thomas English dramatist, was born probably in London, and was the author of several successful tragedies of the blood-and-thunder schoo...
Köhler	Reinhold	Reinhold Köhler German author, born at Weimar; studied philology at Jena, Leipzig, and Bonn, and from 1857 was attached to the grand-ducal library of hi...
La Bruyère	Jean De	Jean De La Bruyère French writer, born at Paris, took his licence in law at Orléans in 1665, and was called to the Paris bar. In 1673 he purchase...
La Calprenède	Gautier De Costes	Gautier De Costes La Calprenède Seigneur De La Calprenède. French novelist and playwright; won a high contemporary reputation by his novels, Ca...
La Chaussée	Pierre Claude Nivelle De	Pierre Claude Nivelle De La Chaussée French dramatist and friend of Voltaire, is often cited as the originator of the 'comédie larmoyante,' from which t...
La Fontaine	Jean De	Jean De La Fontaine French poet and fabulist, born at Château-Thierry, Champagne, where his father was forester to the Duc de Bouillon; was educated for...
La Motte	Antoine Houdar De	Antoine Houdar De La Motte Generally known as La Motte-Houdar. French poet and playwrite, born in Paris; was the author of Inès de Castro (...
Labé	Louise, née Charlin	Louise, née Charlin Labé Styled 'la Belle Cordière,' French poetess, was born at Lyons, and married Ennemond Perrin, a ropemaker - whence her sobriquet....
Laberius	Decimus	Decimus Laberius A Roman knight, famous as a writer of mines or burlesque dramas, who had the courage to point his satire against Cæsar. His writ...
Labiche	Eugène Marin	Eugène Marin Labiche French dramatist, was author or part author of more than a hundred vaudevilles, and for many years one of the most popular dramatis...
Lacordaire	Jean Baptiste Henri Dominique	Jean Baptiste Henri Dominique Lacordaire The greatest of French pulpit orators, was born in the department of the Côte d'Or. His father having di...
Lacroix	Paul	Paul Lacroix French antiquary, bibliographer, and writer, born at Paris. Under the name of 'P.L. Jacob, Bibliophile,' he published over eighty ro...
Lactantius	Lucius C§lius Firmianus	Lucius C§lius Firmianus Lactantius A Christian apologist of the 4th century; was a pupil of Arnobius, and at first a rhetoric an in Nicomedia. Ha...
Lafayette	Marie Madeleine Pioche De La Vergne	Marie Madeleine Pioche De La Vergne Lafayette Comtesse De Lafayette. French novelist, was born at the castle of Chavagnac, Auvergne. She w...
Lagerlöf	Petrus	Petrus Lagerlöf Swedish scholar, became professor of logic at Upsala (1682), of poetry (1684), and of elocution (1687), and royal historiographer (1695)...
Lagerlöf	Selma	Selma Lagerlöf Eminent Swedish novelist and leader of the modern romantic reaction in Sweden; won an instantaneous popularity by the publication of her ...
Lamartine	Alphonse Marie Louis De Prat De	Alphonse Marie Louis De Prat De Lamartine French poet, was born at Mâcon. He received his education at the Jesuit College of Belley, travelled in...
Lamb	Charles	Charles Lamb Essayist, was born in the Temple, London. After some education at a little school off Fetter Lane, he was sent to Christ's Hospital ...
Lamb	Mary Anne	Mary Anne Lamb Writer for children, and sister of Charles Lamb, was born in the Temple. Like her brother, she came to her own slowly. Mary Lamb w...
Landon	Letitia Elizabeth	Letitia Elizabeth Landon English poetess, born at Chelsea, early contributed to the Literary Gazette and other journals. Her poetry, somew...
Landor	Walter Savage	Walter Savage Landor English poet and prose writer, born at Warwick, was educated at Knowle and Rugby, whence a fault of discipline led to his removal. ...
Lang	Andrew	Andrew Lang British man of letters, born at Selkirk, and in 1863 entered Balliol College, Oxford. In 1868, having graduated with a classical firs...
Langendijk	Pieter	Pieter Langendijk Dutch dramatist and poet, born at Haarlem; was the author of Don Quichot op de Bruiloft van Kamacho (1712), and of some descrip...
Langhorne	John	John Langhorne Poet, born at Kirkby Stephen; entered holy orders; removed to London (1764); wrote for the Monthly Review, and did much other misc...
Langland	William	William Langland The probable author of The Vision of Piers Plowman, is one of the great figures in English literature, and one of those of whom ...
Lanier	Sidney	Sidney Lanier American author and poet, was a native of Macon, Georgia. During the civil war, when he served with the Confederates, he contracted...
Laprade	Pierre Marin Victor Richard De	Pierre Marin Victor Richard De Laprade French poet and prose author, issued his first efforts in religious poetry as Les Parfums de la Madeleine ...
Lardner	Dionysius	Dionysius Lardner Writer of popular scientific works, born at Dublin. He devoted himself chiefly to literary and scientific work, and is now best...
Larivey	Pierre	Pierre Larivey French dramatist, was the author of prose plays, largely taken from the Italian, the best being Les Esprits. His work probab...
Larsen	Karl Halfdan Edward	Karl Halfdan Edward Larsen Novelist and humorist, one of the finest stylists of modern Danish literature. His best books are those in which he de...
Lasus	%20	%20 Lasus Greek lyric poet, was a native of Hermione in Argolis, and is famous as the teacher of Pindar. Only three lines of one of his poems rema...
Latey	John	John Latey English journalist and novelist, born in London, became known through his connection with the Penny Illustrated Paper, in which he wro...
Latini, or Latino	Brunetto	Brunetto Latini, or Latino Italian poet and scholar, was born at Florence, in the politics of which city he played a considerable part. The work...
Laube	Heinrich	Heinrich Laube German novelist and playwright, early showed revolutionary sympathies, which led to his imprisonment (1834); was the successful director ...
Lauder	Sir Thomas Dick	Sir Thomas Dick Lauder Scottish author, was born at Fountainhall, Haddingtonshire. Endowed with most versatile talents, he was alike eminent in m...
Lauder	William	William Lauder Scottish literary forger, was the author of Poetarum Scotorum Musæ Sacræ (1739) and other compilations, and reiterated ad nauseam ...
Law	William Arthur	William Arthur Law English dramatist, born near Cromer; went on the stage (1872), being one of German Reed's company, and later acted at the Savoy. La...
Layamon	%20	%20 Layamon Author of Brut, a poetical paraphrase of Wace's chronicle, Brut d'Angleterre (1155), with additions of his own. Layamo...
Le Queux	William	William Le Queux English novelist, born in London; educated in London and Italy, and studied art in Paris. On his return to London he became edit...
Lear	Edward	Edward Lear English artist and author, was born in London; began drawing in the Zoological Gardens, assisted Gould in his Birds (1832-6), and worked und...
Leathes	Stanley	Stanley Leathes English Hebraist and writer, was born at Ellesborough, Buckinghamshire. He became professor of Hebrew at King?s College, London (...
Lebrun	Ponce Denis Ecouchard	Ponce Denis Ecouchard Lebrun French poet. He acted as secretary to the Prince of Conti, and was subsequently under the patronage of Calonne, Robes...
Lecky	William Edward Hartpole	William Edward Hartpole Lecky Irish man of letters, was born near Dublin, and educated at Trinity College there. He published anonymously (1861) <...
Leconte de Lisle	Charles Marie	Charles Marie Leconte de Lisle French poet, born at St. Paul, Isle of Bourbon. Son of an army surgeon; intended by his father for a mercantile car...
Lee	Vernon	Vernon Lee Pseudonym of Violet Paget, English writer of fiction and æsthetic criticism. She was born in France, and was spent the greater part of...
Legouve	Ernest	Ernest Legouve French dramatist and author, attracted attention by his Histoire Morale des Femmes (1849) and La Femme en France au XIX Siècle<...
Leland	Charles Godfrey	Charles Godfrey Leland American author, born at Philadelphia; edited the Continental Magazine during the civil war, but from 1869 lived mostly in...
Lemaître	François Elie Jules	François Elie Jules Lemaître French poet, critic, and dramatist, came first before the public with two small volumes of verse, Les Médaillons (18...
Lennep	Jacob Van	Jacob Van Lennep Dutch poet and novelist, born at Amsterdam; studied law at Leyden, and while practising his profession at his native town published man...
Lennox	Charlotte, née Ramsay	Charlotte, née Ramsay Lennox Anglo-American poet, critic, and writer, was born in New York, and came to England when fifteen. She published poem...
Lenz	Jakob Michael Reinhold	Jakob Michael Reinhold Lenz German poet, formed for a short time one of Goethe's circle at Strassburg and Weimar, but owing to his extremely unconventio...
Leopardi	Count Giacomo	Count Giacomo Leopardi Italian writer, born at Recanati, of a noble but impoverished family; was a cripple through life. He devoted his youth to ...
Leopold	Karl Gustaf	Karl Gustaf Leopold Sewdish poet, born at Stockholm. In 1786 he was called to assist Gustavus III. with his dramatic works, and ultimately became...
Lermontoff	Mikhail Yurevitch	Mikhail Yurevitch Lermontoff Russian poet and novelist, of Scottish descent, born at Moscow; became an officer in the Russian army. The death of ...
Leroux	Henri or Hugues	Henri or Hugues Leroux French journalist and novelist, born at Havre. He was early interested in social subjects, and his articles in Le Temps...
Lesage	Alain-Réné	Alain-Réné Lesage French author, was born at Sarzeau, in Brittany. He went to Paris, studied law, and became a member of the bar. In 1743 he reti...
Lessing	Gotthold Ephraim	Gotthold Ephraim Lessing German critic and dramatist, born at Kamenz, Upper Lusatia, where his father was pastor primarius. Proceeding to the Un...
Leti	Gregorio	Gregorio Leti Italian writer, born at Milan, proceeded to Geneva, where he became a Protestant, and finally settled at Amsterdam as historiographer of t...
Lever	Charles James	Charles James Lever Irish novelist, born at Dublin. After spending two years in Holland and Germany and making a visit to Canada, he settled down ...
Levertin	Oscar	Oscar Levertin Swedish novelist and poet, privat docent at the University of Upsala since 1882. His earlier novels were materialistic, but his po...
Lewald	Fanny	Fanny Lewald German novelist, a native of Königsberg, spent most of her life in Berlin, where she married Adolf Stahr, the author. Her novels wer...
Lewes	George Henry	George Henry Lewes English man of letters, born in London, the grandson of Charles Lee Lewis, a comedian of some repute. He studied medicine, but ...
Lewis	Matthew Gregory	Matthew Gregory Lewis English author, often referred to as 'Monk' Lewis, was born in London. He was educated for a diplomatic career, and in 1794...
Leyden	John	John Leyden Scottish poet and Orientalist, born at Denholm, Roxburghshire, where his father was a shepherd. He was educated at Edinburgh Univers...
Lichtenberg	George Christoph	George Christoph Lichtenberg German philosopher and satirist, born at Oberramstädt, near Darmstadt; was appointed professor at Göttingen (1796). ...
Lidner	Bengt	Bengt Lidner Swedish poet, born at Göteborg, who in his seventeenth year distinguished himself at the University of Lund by his poetical gifts and by hi...
Lie	Jonas Laurits Idemil	Jonas Laurits Idemil Lie Norwegian novelist, born at Ecker, near Drammen. He first became popular when he published a volume of poems (1866); but...
Ligne	Charles Joseph, Prince De	Charles Joseph, Prince De Ligne Austrian soldier, diplomat, and author, born at Brussels. He served with distinction through the Seven Years' war...
Liguori	Alfonso Maria Di, Saint	Alfonso Maria Di, Saint Liguori A Neapolitan of good family, one of the greatest Roman Catholic writers of the 18th century, and the founder of the Cong...
Liliencron	Detlev, Freiherr Von	Detlev, Freiherr Von Liliencron German novelist and poet, was born in Kiel. Entering the Prussian army, he served in the campaigns of 1866 and 18...
Lillo	George	George Lillo English dramatist, born in Moorfields. His play George Barnwell (1731) popularized the 'domestic drama' in England, and has b...
Lindau	Paul	Paul Lindau German dramatist, novelist, and critic, was born in Magdeburg, and after a journalistic training in Paris, became editor of the Düsseldo...
Lindo	Mark Prager	Mark Prager Lindo Dutch prose writer, born in London; went to Holland at nineteen. He translated the works of Dickens, Thackeray, Fielding, and S...
Lindsay, or Lyndsay	Sir David	Sir David Lindsay, or Lyndsay Scottish poet, and Lyon King of Arms, was the son of David Lyndsay of the Mount, Fifeshire, and of Garmylton, Haddington. ...
Linton	Eliza Lynn	Eliza Lynn Linton English novelist, born at Keswick. Her first novels were severely criticised, but her later works became very popular. The best...
Littré	Maximilien Paul Émile	Maximilien Paul Émile Littré French lexicographer, philisopher, and author, studied medicine, fought on the Parisian barricades of 1830, and in 1835-6 be...
Livius	Titus, known as Livy	Titus, known as Livy Livius The famous historian of Rome, was born at Patavium (Padua), in N. Italy, but spent most of his time at Rome. The real...
Locke	John	John Locke The parent and representative of English philosophical thought in the 18th century, was born at Wrington, in Somersetshire. Something t...
Locker = Lampson	Frederick	Frederick Locker = Lampson English poet; served for some years in Somerset House and at the Admiralty, until his health broke down in 1849. In 18...
Lodge	Thomas	Thomas Lodge English poet and pamphleteer, the son of a lord mayor, was born probably at West Ham, Essex. He was educated at the Merchant Taylors...
Lofft	Capell	Capell Lofft English author, born in London. He was called to the bar in 1775; but the greater part of his life was spent on his estates near Bur...
Logan	John	John Logan Scottish divine and poet, born in Fala parish, Midlothian; studied at Edinburgh University, and became collegiate minister of S. Leith (1773)...
Logau	Friedrich, Freiherr Von	Friedrich, Freiherr Von Logau German poet, studied law at Frankfurt-on-the-Oder, and entered the service of the Duke of Liegnitz. The prevailing ...
Longfellow	Henry Wadsworth	Henry Wadsworth Longfellow The greatest of American poets, was born at Portland, Maine, on Feb. 27, 1807. He was son of Stephen Longfellow, a Por...
Longinus	Dionysius Cassius	Dionysius Cassius Longinus A famous Greek rhethorician, whose place of birth was most likely Athens. Late in life he went to Emesa in Syria, wher...
Lope	Felix De Veja Carpio	Felix De Veja Carpio Lope Spanish dramatist, born in Madrid, and educated at the Jesuit College there. As a soldier, he fought at the Azores (158...
Loti	Pierre	Pierre Loti Pseudonym of Louis Marie Julien Viaud French novelist, born at Rochefort. Entered the French navy (1867) and became lieutenant (...
Lovelace	Richard	Richard Lovelace English poet and Cavalier, was born at Bethersden, and educated at Charterhouse and at Gloucester Hall, Oxford, where he wrote a comedy...
Lovell	Robert	Robert Lovell English poet, was the friend of Southey and Coleridge, and a participator in their 'pantisocratic' project; but Lovell?s early death preve...
Lover	Samuel	Samuel Lover Irish novelist, ballad-writer, and painter, born and educated in Dublin; at first devoted himself chiefly to painting, becoming (1828) a me...
Lowell	James Russell	James Russell Lowell American poet, son of a nonconformist minister, born at Cambridge, Massachussetts, graduating at Harvard (1838), studied law, but s...
Lucan	Marcus Annæus Lucanus	Marcus Annæus Lucanus Lucan The chief Roman poet of the silver age, a native of Corduba in Spain; was educated at Rome under the Stoic Cornutus, and acq...
Lucian	%20	%20 Lucian The greatest Greek writer of the Christian era, was a native of Samosata on the Euphrates. Lucian was first apprenticed to his uncle, ...
Lucretius	%20	%20 Lucretius Roman poet, whose full name was Titus Lucretius Carus. Practically nothing is known of his life. His great work, De Rerum Natura...
Ludwig	Otto	Otto Ludwig German dramatist, born at Eisfeld, Saxe-Meiningen. His first work, Der Erbförster, appeared in 1853. This was followed by D...
Luthardt	Christoph Ernest	Christoph Ernest Luthardt Lutheran theologian, was born at Maroldweisach, Franconia, and became professor at Marburg (1854), and two years later at Leip...
Luther	Martin	Martin Luther The leader of the Protestant reformation in Germany, was the son of Johann Luther, originally a peasant-proprietor at Möhra, near Eisenach...
Lyall	Edna	Edna Lyall Pseudonym of Ada Ellen Bayly, English novelist; a native of Brighton, whose first published work, Won by Waiting (1879), met with litt...
Lycophron	%20	%20 Lycophron A celebrated grammarian and poet of the Alexandrian school, was a native of Chalcis in Eub§a. His only extant work is the Alexan...
Lydgate	John	John Lydgate English poet, studied at Oxford, and entered the Benedictine monastery at Bury St. Edmunds. He endeavoured to take up English verse ...
Lyly	John	John Lyly Dramatist, was born in Kent. He was at Magdalen College, Oxford, and after some trouble with the authorities, took his B.A. degree in 1...
Lytton	Edward George Earle Lytton Bulwer	Edward George Earle Lytton Bulwer Lytton Baron Lytton. Novelist, dramatist, and politician, was born in London, and educated at Cambridge, where h...
Lytton	Edward Robert Bulwer	Edward Robert Bulwer Lytton First Earl Lytton. Son of the proceding, statesman and poet, was born in London, and educated at Harrow. He wo...
M'Carthy	Justin	Justin M'Carthy Irish novelist, journalist, and politician, was born at Cork; was reporter for Morning Star (1860), subsequently editor (1864-8)....
M'Carthy	Justin Huntly	Justin Huntly M'Carthy Dramatist, novelist, and historian, son of the preceding, has travelled much in Europe, Egypt, Palestine, and the United States. ...
MacCarthy	Denis Florence	Denis Florence MacCarthy Irish poet, born in Dublin. He wrote poems for the Nation and the Irish Catholic Magazine (1845). In 1864...
MacDonald	George	George MacDonald Scottish novelist and poet, born at Huntly, Aberdeenshire. After a sojourn in London his weak health constrained him to settle a...
Machiavelli	Niccolo	Niccolo Machiavelli Italian writer, was born at Florence. He entered the service of the republic in 1493, as secretary of the Ten. He went on a mi...
Mackay	Charles	Charles Mackay Scottish poet, born at Perth; edited the Glasgow Argus (1844-47) and Illustrated London News (1852), and was war correspond...
Mackay	Robert	Robert Mackay Gaelic poet, commonly called Rob Donn, born at Allt-na-Caillich in Sutherlanshire. He was without education, being a heard. For som...
Macneill	Hector	Hector Macneill Scottish poet, born at Roslin, Midlothian. He worked in a mercantile warehouse in Guadeloupe, and in 1780 was appointed assistant...
Madhu Sudan Datta	%20	%20 Madhu Sudan Datta Indian poet and man of letters, was born at Sagandari, Bengal; early embraced Christianity. He issued in Bengali the classi...
Maerlant	Jacob Van	Jacob Van Maerlant Flemish poet, born near Bruges. Translated Bénoît de Ste.-More's Roman de Troie, but subsequently established a great re...
Maeterlinck	Maurice	Maurice Maeterlinck Belgian dramatist and essayist, was born at Ghent. His thought has been greatly influenced by Novalis and Emerson. His first ...
Maffei	Francesco Scipione	Francesco Scipione Maffei Count Maffei. Italian writer, was born at Verona. His tragedy, Merope (1714; Eng. version by Ayres, (1740)...
Mahony	Francis Sylvester	Francis Sylvester Mahony Irish humorist, known as Father Prout, was born at Cork. Settling in London as a man of letters, in 1834-6 he contribute...
Malherbe	François De	François De Malherbe French poet, generally regarded as the founder of the classical school, was born at Caen, and attached himself to Henry IV., and to...
Mallarmé	Stéphane	Stéphane Mallarmé French poet and man of letters, born in Paris. His verses contain much that is beautiful in sentiment and crystallized in mode ...
Mallet	David	David Mallet David Mallet, originally Malloch. Scottish poet and author, was born near Crieff, Perthshire, and became a friend of James Thomson, ...
Malmström	Bernhard Elis	Bernhard Elis Malmström Swedish poet, was born at Tysslinge (Nerike). His works are perfect in form, lofty in sentiment, and lucid in expression,...
Malone	Edmund	Edmund Malone Irish author and critic, was born in Dublin. In 1777 he went to London, where he became well known in literary and political circle...
Mamiani della Rovere	Terenzio	Terenzio Mamiani della Rovere Italian poet, philosopher, Count and statesman, was born at Pesaro; took part in the revolutionary movements of 1831, and ...
Mandeville	Bernard De	Bernard De Mandeville Dutch ethical writer, was a native of Dordrecht; settled in London about 1692, and practised medicine there until his death. ...
Mangan	James Clarence	James Clarence Mangan Irish poet, was born in Dublin. He ranks high among Irish poets, there being fine spirit and quality in his verse. He also ...
Mannyng	Robert	Robert Mannyng English poet, commonly known as Robert of Brunne, was born at Brunne or Bourne in Lincolnshire, and was a canon of the Gilbertine order o...
Manrique	Jorge	Jorge Manrique Spanish poet, nephew of Gomez Manrique, wrote a set of elegiac couplets on the death of his father, which rank amongst the great poems of...
Marcello	Benedetto	Benedetto Marcello Venetian poet and musician, was one of the most original composers of his day, and his musical settings of Paraphrases of the Psal...
Marcet	Jane	Jane Marcet Authoress, born at Geneva, married (1799) Alexander Marcet, a lecturer at Guy's Hospital, London. Besides Stories for Young Childr...
March	Auzias of Augustin	Auzias of Augustin March Spanish poet, was born in Valencia. Like Petrarch, of whom he was a student, he wrote in the Catalan dialect poetry of g...
Marie de France	%20	%20 Marie de France Anglo-Norman poetess of the 12th century. Her works include a collection of Breton Lais, and translations of The Fa...
Marini	Giambattista	Giambattista Marini Italian poet, was born at Naples; lived at the courts of Rome, Turin, and Paris, and died near Naples. All his poems - lyric,...
Marivaux	Pierre Carlet De Chamblain De	Pierre Carlet De Chamblain De Marivaux French man of letters, was born at Paris. His first book was a parody on the Illiad, but it was as ...
Markham	Gervase or Jervis	Gervase or Jervis Markham English author, was born at Cottam, in Nottinghamshire. After serving in the Low Countries as a soldier, he turned to l...
Marlitt, E.	%20	%20 Marlitt, E. Pseudonym of Eugénie John, German novelist, born at Arnstadt, in Thuringia. She began her career as a singer on the stage, but an...
Marlowe	Christopher	Christopher Marlowe English poet, was born at Canterbury. It is possible that he served as a soldier in the Netherlands. In 1587 he comes into cl...
Marmier	Xavier	Xavier Marmier French author, born at Pontarlier, died in Paris. First as professor of foreign literature at Rennes, and afterwards (1847) as kee...
Marmion	Shackerley	Shackerley Marmion English dramatist, born near Brackley, Northamptonshire. After service in the Low Countries, he became a playwright in London....
Marmontel	Jean François	Jean François Marmontel French writer, was born at Limousin; devoted himself to literature by advice of Voltaire, and went to Paris in 1745. Ther...
Marnix	Philip Van	Philip Van Marnix Dutch writer, born at Brussels; studied theology at Geneva, and on his return to his native land actively forwarded the reformation, a...
Marot	Clément	Clément Marot French poet, born at Cahors, and was page to Marguerite d?Alençon, afterwards queen of Navarre. He took part in the expedition to I...
Marradi	Giovanni	Giovanni Marradi Italian poet, was born at Livorno (Leghorn). In Florence he founded, with Ferrari and others, the short-lived but brilliant revi...
Marryat	Florence	Florence Marryat Mrs. Francis Lean. English authoress (fifteen years), and journalist, youngest child of Captain Marryat, was born at Brighton. ...
Marryat	Frederick	Frederick Marryat English novelist, born in Westminster; entered the royal navy under Lord Cochrane (1806), and took part in all his exploits till inval...
Marston	John	John Marston English dramatist, was born at Coventry. Having published some satires in 1598, he took soon afterwards to writing plays. Subsequentl...
Marston	John Westland	John Westland Marston English dramatist, was born at Boston in Lincolnshire, and was first editor of the Psyche, a transcendental organ; made a v...
Marston	Philip Bourke	Philip Bourke Marston English poet, son of John Westland Marston, was born in London. In spite of blindness he wrote poetry which, though strongl...
Martelli	Pier Jacopo	Pier Jacopo Martelli Italian dramatist, was born at Bologna, where he became professor of eloquence (1707). He introduced the Alexandrine verse i...
Martin	Sir Theodore	Sir Theodore Martin Scottish translator and man of letters, was born in Edinburgh. A lawyer by profession, he settled in London in 1845, and beca...
Martineau	Harriet	Harriet Martineau English miscellaneous writer, was born at Norwich. She wrote a series of tales, as Illustrations of Political Economy (...
Martini	Ferdinando	Ferdinando Martini Italian writer and statesman, was born at Monsummano, the son of the playwright Vincenzo Martini, whose comedies he edited in 1876. ...
Marvell	Andrew	Andrew Marvell English poet and politician, was born at Winestead in Holderness, Yorkshire. In 1650 he was chosen as tutor to Mary, daughter of L...
Mason	William	William Mason English poet, was born at Kingston-upon-Hull. He became canor of York in 1762. His Musæus (1747), a lament for Pope, attra...
Massinger	Philip	Philip Massinger English dramatist, was born probably at Salisbury. In 1606 he came to London and wrote plays. Much of his work was done in colla...
Mattews	James Brander	James Brander Mattews American critic and dramatist, was born at New Orleans. The more valuable of his works, which are written in an attractive style...
Maupassant	Guy De	Guy De Maupassant French author, was born at the castle of Miromesnil, Seine-Inférieure. His name in full was Henry René Albert Guy, and his styl...
Mayhew	Augustus Septimus	Augustus Septimus Mayhew English author; in conjunction with his brother Henry he produced many volumes of popular fiction (see next art.). His ...
Mayhew	Henry	Henry Mayhew English author. With Gilbert à Beckett, he founded Figaro in London (1831-9) and The Thief (1832). His fir...
Mayne	Jasper	Jasper Mayne English dramatist and divine, was a native of Devonshire. He was the author of two plays, The City Match (1639), and Th...
Mazzuchelli	Giovanni Maria	Giovanni Maria Mazzuchelli Italian writer, was born at Brescia. He wrote an unfinished collection of literary biographies, Scrittori d'Italia...
Meilhac	Henri	Henri Meilhac French dramatist, born in Paris; began his career as a dramatist in 1855. For twenty years (from 1861 to 1881) he collaborated almo...
Mela	Pomponius	Pomponius Mela The first Latin writer on geography, probably lived during the reign of the Emperor Claudius (41-54 A.D.). He was a native of Spa...
Melendez Valdés	Juan	Juan Melendez Valdés Spanish poet, born at Ribera del Fresno in Badajos. He lived for many years as professor of law at Salamanca. A friend and f...
Mellin	Gustaf Henrik	Gustaf Henrik Mellin Swedish author, was born at Revolax in Fineland. His historical novels - Blomman på Kinnekulle, Sivard Kruses bröllop
Melville	Herman	Herman Melville American author, born in New York city, ran off to sea in 1837, and was imprisoned by the natives of the Marquesas Is. Returning to Bost...
Mena	Juan De	Juan De Mena Spanish poet, born at Cordova. Having at Rome fallen in love with Italian culture, on his return to Spain he joined the Italianate s...
Ménage	Giles	Giles Ménage French writer, born at Angers; entered the church and obtained the deanery of St. Peter at Angers. He published Origines de la L...
Menander	%20	%20 Menander Poet of the New Comedy at Athens. Alexis, the comic poet, was his uncle; the philosopher Epicurus and Theophrastus were among his in...
Mendès	Catulle	Catulle Mendès French author, was born at Bordeaux. At eighteen years of age he founded La Revue Fantaisiste. His poetical works include...
Menzini	Benedetto	Benedetto Menzini Italian poet, born at Florence. He became a priest, served Christina of Sweden and various cardinals, and finally obtained a can...
Meredith	George	George Meredith English novelist, born in Hampshire. He never sought, and has never obtained, a wide popularity; but year by year his fame has st...
Meres	Francis	Francis Meres English writer, born in Lincolnshire. He became rector of Wing in Rutland in 1602. He contributed apothegms to Politeuphuia: Wi...
Mérimée	Prosper	Prosper Mérimée French novelist and historian, born at Paris; became a leader in the romantic movement. His first works, Clara Gazul and...
Merivale	Herman Charles	Herman Charles Merivale English author, born in London. He was called to the bar (1864), but retired in 1874. He published poems and plays, of wh...
Merivale	John Herman	John Herman Merivale English scholar and poet, was born at Exeter. He was called to the bar (1804), and employed on Chancery commissions (1824-31...
Merriman	Henry Seton	Henry Seton Merriman Henry Merriman, Nom de plume of Hugh Stowell Scott, British novelist. He was an underwriter at Lloyd's, but about 1892...
Metastasio	Pietro	Pietro Metastasio Italian poet, was born at Rome (his name being originally Trapassi). He was advocate at Naples, till literary fame secured him ...
Meurice	François Paul	François Paul Meurice French dramatic author, born at Paris. With Gautier and Vacquerie he produced Falstaff at the Odéon in 1842, and, ...
Meynell	Alice Christiana	Alice Christiana Meynell Alice Christiana Meynell (née Thompson). English poetess and essayist, was born in London, and spent the greater part of h...
Michaud	Joseph François	Joseph François Michaud French poet and historian, born at Albens, Savoy. He went (1791) to Paris, where he started a royalist paper, La Quot...
Michaud	Louis Gabriel	Louis Gabriel Michaud French litterateur, brother of the preceding, born at Bourg. He entered the army present at the battles of Jemappes and Val...
Mickiewicz	Adam Bernard	Adam Bernard Mickiewicz Polish poet, was born at Zaosie, near Novogrodek in Lithuania. He early composed his Ode to Youth ( Oda do Mlodosci
Mickle,	William Julius	William Julius Mickle, Scottish poet, born at Langholm, Dumfriesshire. He settled in London in 1763, and in 1765 became corrector to the Clarendo...
Middleton	Thomas	Thomas Middleton English dramatist, was born probably in London. In 1620 he was appointed city chronologist, and wrote many triumphs and pageants...
Milá y Fontanals	Manuel	Manuel Milá y Fontanals Spanish scholar and poet, born at Villafranca del Panades. He was professor of poetry at the University of Barcelona, was...
Miller	Joaquim	Joaquim Miller Penname of Cincinnatus Heine Miller, poet of the Sierras, born at Wabash, Indiana. He studied law at Oregon, but left for the gold...
Milton	John	John Milton England's greatest epic poet, was born in Bread Street, Cheapside, his father being a scrivener. He went to Christ's College, Cambrid...
Mimnermus	%20	%20 Mimnermus Greek elegiac poet, born at Smyrna, of the race of the Colophonians, who reconquered Smyrna from the Æolians. He lived at the end o...
Minot	Laurence	Laurence Minot English lyric poet, born in the N.E. Midlands. He was author of eleven poems in the Northumbrian dialect celebrating Edward III.'s...
Mirabeau	Victor Riqueti	Victor Riqueti Mirabeau Marquis De Mirabeau. Was born in the old Château de Mirabeau in Provence. He knew Montesquieu, and adopted the view...
Miranda	Francisco De	Francisco De Miranda Francisco De Miranda, or Sá De Miranda. Portuguese poet, born at Coimbra; was professor of law in the university there. He f...
Mistral	Frédéric	Frédéric Mistral Provençal poet, born at Maillane (Bouches-du-Rhône). Together with Roumanille he threw himself into the movement of a Provençal ...
Mitchell	Donald Grant	Donald Grant Mitchell Known as 'Ik Marvel,' American man of letters, born at Norwich, Connecticut; was United States consul to Venice (1853-4). He wro...
Mitford	Mary Russell	Mary Russell Mitford English novelist and dramatist, born at Alresford, Hampshire; was a voluminous contributor to the magazines of the day, especially ...
Moe	Jorgen Ingebrektsen	Jorgen Ingebrektsen Moe Norwegian author, born in Ringerike; acted as tutor, and spent all his spare time in collecting folk-tales in collaboration with...
Molbech	Christian Knud Frederik	Christian Knud Frederik Molbech Danish poet, son of the above, born at Copenhagen. His chief plays include Ambrosius (1878) and Dant...
Molière	%20	%20 Molière Who is to French comedy with Corneille and Racine combined are to tragedy, was born at Paris, his father, Jean Poquelin, being purveyor of f...
Molinier	Guillem	Guillem Molinier Provençal writer, lived in the 14th century, and was chancellor of the literary academy of the Gaya Sciensa at Toulouse. He wrot...
Molza	Francesco Maria	Francesco Maria Molza Italian poet, was born at Modena, and led a loose life at Rome (where he served the cardinals Ippolito de' Medici and Alessandro F...
Monkhouse	William Cosmo	William Cosmo Monkhouse English poet and critic, was born in London. At seventeen he became a clerk in the Board of Trade, and rose to be assista...
Montagu	Elizabeth Robinson	Elizabeth Robinson Montagu English authoress and social leader, was born at York, and married a grandson of the first Earl of Sandwich. Celebrate...
Montaigne	Miguel Eyquem	Miguel Eyquem Montaigne Seigneur De Montaigne. French essayist, born at the Château de Montaigne, near Bordeaux. At the college of Guienne ...
Montanelli	Giuseppe	Giuseppe Montanelli Italian writer and politician, was born at Fucecchio, on the Arno, and became professor of civil and commercial law at Milan in 1840...
Montemayor	Yorge De	Yorge De Montemayor Spanish poet, born at Montemor in Portugal. His pastoral romance, Diana (1558; Eng. trans. 1598), became famous thro...
Montfleury	Antoine Jacob	Antoine Jacob Montfleury French dramatist, born in Paris. Many of his subjects were borrowed from the Spanish. The two most famous of his plays, ...
Montgomerie	Alexander	Alexander Montgomerie Scottish poet, was born at Hazelhead, Ayrshire. He held some office under the Regent Morton and James VI.; was apparently d...
Montgomery	Florence Sophia	Florence Sophia Montgomery English authoress, chiefly of children's books. Whyte-Melville induced her to publish her first book, A Very Simpl...
Montgomery	James	James Montgomery Scottish poet and hymnwriter, was born at Irvine in Ayrshire, and joined the staff of the Sheffield Register (1792), becoming ...
Montgomery	Robert	Robert Montgomery English poet and preacher, was born at Bath. The success of his first poem, The Omnipresence of the Deity (1828), enab...
Monti	Vincenzo	Vincenzo Monti Italian poet, was born at Fusignano, near Ravenna, and went in 1778 to Rome, where he became secretary to Prince Braschi. During t...
Moore	Edward	Edward Moore English dramatist and miscellaneous writer, was born at Abingdon, Berkshire. His chief work is the tragedy of The Gamester (...
Moore	Frank Frankfort	Frank Frankfort Moore British novelist and dramatist, was born in Limerick. He travelled through S. Africa, Burma, W.Indies, and S.America (1876-...
Moore	George	George Moore British novelist, born in Ireland; came, in Paris, under the influence of Flaubert, Maupassant, and especially Zola, whose devoted disciple ...
Moore	John	John Moore Scottish physician and author, was born at Stirling. Settling in London, he published A View of Society and Manners in France, Swit...
Moore	Thomas	Thomas Moore Irish poet, was born in Dublin. Proceeding to London, his personal charm (which, all his life through, was the secret of much of his...
Moratin	Leandro Fernandez De	Leandro Fernandez De Moratin Spanish poet and dramatist, born at Madrid; was a protégé of Jovellanos. Lived much in France and England, ...
More	Hannah	Hannah More English poetical and ethical writer, was born at Stapleton, Gloucestershire. An acquaintance with Garrick led to two plays of hers be...
More	Sir Thomas	Sir Thomas More Lord Chancellor of England, was born in Cheapside, London. At Oxford he was a pupil of Grocyn and Linacre, and above all of Colet...
Moréas	Jean	Jean Moréas French poet, born at Athens, of Greek extraction; settled in Paris in 1877. He published in 1884 Les Syrtes, the first of th...
Moreri	Louis	Louis Moreri French writer, born in Provence; became a noted preacher at Lyons. In 1674 he published his Grand Dictionnaire Historique. ...
Moreto y Cabaña	Agustin	Agustin Moreto y Cabaña Spanish dramatist, born at Madrid. A disciple of Calderon, he equalled his master in stage craft and excelled him in comi...
Morgan	Sidney	Sidney Morgan Irish novelist and patriot, known as 'Glorvina' (her most famous heroine), was born at Dublin. First a governess (1798-1800), she t...
Morier	James Justinian	James Justinian Morier British novelist, was born at Smyrna. He accompanied Jones and Ouseley to Persia (1808-15) as secretary of legation, and w...
Morley	Henry	Henry Morley English author, was born in London. He taught school on Neuwied principles at Manchester and Liverpool, published some verse, attrac...
Morley	John	John Morley English statesman and author, was born at Blackburn. Settling in London 'to try his luck at letters,' he became editor of the Lit...
Morris	Sir Lewis	Sir Lewis Morris British poet, was born at Carmarthen. Becoming a barrister of Lincoln's Inn, he practised as a conveyancing councel (1861-81). H...
Morris	William	William Morris English poet, decorator, and socialist, was born at Walthamstow, Essex. At Oxford he enjoyed the congenial company of Edward Burne-Jones;...
Morrison	Arthur	Arthur Morrison English novelist, was born in Kent. His London East studies, (1894), Tales of Mean Streets, was widely successful, and h...
Morton	John Maddison	John Maddison Morton English dramatist, was born at Pangbourne, Berkshire. He abandoned a Chelsea Hospital clerkship for play-writing (1840), and...
Morton	Thomas	Thomas Morton English dramatist, was born at Whickham, Durham. From 1792 he produced numerous successful plays, perhaps the best known being ...
Moschus	%20	%20 Moschus A Greek bucolic poet, who lived towards the middle of the 2nd century B.C., was a native of Syracuse, and calls himself a pupil of Bion. ...
Motanabbi	Abu' Hosain	Abu' Hosain Motanabbi Abu'- L-Tayyib Ahmed - Ibn - Hosain Motanabbi. Arabic poet, born at Kufa, on the Euphrates. Having played the prop...
Motherwell	William	William Motherwell Scottish poet, born in Glasgow. He became sheriffclerk depute of Renfrewshire (1819-29). He edited the Paisley Magazine
Moulton	Ellen Louise Chandler	Ellen Louise Chandler Moulton American writer, born at Pomfret, Connecticut; married, 1855, William Moulton, publisher, Boston. Mrs. Moulton's wo...
Moultrie	John	John Moultrie English poet, was born in London, of a Scoto-American family. He became rector of Rugby (1828), where he was the close friend of Dr...
Mozley	Anne	Anne Mozley English author, was born at Gainsborough, Lincolnshire. Among her works were: Passages from the Poets (1837), Days and Seaso...
Munch	Andreas	Andreas Munch Norweigian author, born at Christiania; published his first collection of poems, Ephemerer, in 1836; from 1841 to 1846 was editor...
Munch	Peter Andreas	Peter Andreas Munch Norwegian author, born at Christiania, where in 1841 he was appointed professor of history, and in 1861 keeper of the Record Office....
Munday	Anthony	Anthony Munday English and miscellaneous writer was born in London. In 1578 he went to Rome, probably as a spy on the English Jesuit College, and...
Munro	Neill	Neill Munro Scottish author and journalist, was born at Inverary. He began life as a journalist in Glasgow. His first story, The Secret of He...
Muratori	Lodovico Antonio	Lodovico Antonio Muratori Italian scholar, was born at Vignola, near Modena; became prefect of the Ambrosian library at Milan, but was recalled to Moden...
Mure	Sir William	Sir William Mure Scottish poet, was born at Rowallane, Ayrshire. He fought in the civil war, on the parliamentarian side, and was wounded at Marst...
Muret	Marc Antoine	Marc Antoine Muret Muret, or Muretus - French humanist, was born at Muret, near Limoges; spent his life in lecturing and editing the classics, and at Pa...
Murfree	Mary Noail	Mary Noail Murfree American novelist, widely known by her pen-name of 'Charles Egbert Craddock,' was born at Grantlands, near Murfreesboro, Tennessee. ...
Murger	Henri	Henri Murger French novelist and poet, was a native of Paris. His first novel, Scs de la Vie de Boh (1845), was descriptive of his own p...
Murner	Thomas	Thomas Murner German satirist, was born at Oberehnheim in Alsace; became a Franciscan monk, and led the roving life of a scholar and poet in Germany and...
Murphy	Arthur	Arthur Murphy Irish dramatic and miscellaneous writer, was born at Clomquin, Roscommon. He was an actor (1754-6); after that a playwright. He also...
Murray	David Christie	David Christie Murray English novelist, was born at West Bromwich, Staffordshire. He was on the staff of the Birmingham Morning News and...
Musaeus	Johann Karl August	Johann Karl August Musaeus German author, was born at Jena. In 1763 he became professor at Weimar gymnasium. His principal works were Der deu...
Musset	Alfred De	Alfred De Musset French poet, born at Paris; was from early childhood the pet and darling of the most brilliant social circles. At seventeen he be...
Myers	Ernest James	Ernest James Myers English poet, was born at Keswick, Cumberland, brother of Frederick Myers. He was classical lecturer at Wadham and Balliol Col...
Myers	Frederick William Henry	Frederick William Henry Myers English poet and essayist, born at Keswick, Cumberland. He became fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge (1865), and ...
Müller	Wilhelm	Wilhelm Müller German lyric poet, was born at Dessau; became a teacher at the Dessau gymnasium (1819), and librarian of the ducal library. His pr...
Möller	Paul Martin	Paul Martin Möller Danish author, born near Veile; visited China (1819) as a ship's chaplain, and wrote during the voyage his best-known poem, Glæde...
Möller	Peter Ludvig	Peter Ludvig Möller Danish author, born at Aalborg; wrote collection of poems, Lövfald, under the pseudonym of Otto Sommer (1855), and the exce...
Mörike	Eduard	Eduard Mörike German poet of the Swabian school, was born at Ludwigsburg in Würtemberg; and at Tübingen he came under the influence of Uhland. Hi...
Nabbes	Thomas	Thomas Nabbes English dramatist, was born in Worcestershire, and spent the greater part of his life in London. His tragedy, Hannibal and Sci...
Naden	Constance Caroline Woodhill	Constance Caroline Woodhill Naden English poetess and author, born at Edgbaston, Birmingham; was early attracted to the study of science and philosophy....
Nairne	Lady Caroline	Lady Caroline Nairne Scottish poetess, was born at Gask, Perthshire. Her early lyrics were mostly contributed to R.A. Smith's Scottish Minstre...
Nash	Thomas	Thomas Nash English poet and pamphleteer, was the son of a Lowestoft minister. In 1588 he came to London, shared the riotous life of Robert Green...
Neal	John	John Neal American author; established a legal practise at Portland, Maine. During a stay in England (1823-7), he acted as secretary to Jeremy Be...
Nedim		Nedim Turkish poet, acted as custodian of the library founded at Constantinople by Ibrahim Pasha, grand vizier. He exhibits greater originality, grace,...
Negruzzi	Jakob	Jakob Negruzzi Roumanian author, born at Jassy; in 1867 he founded the review Convorbiri Literare, and in 1880 was elected a member of the Roum...
Nekrasoff	Nikolai Alexeievitch	Nikolai Alexeievitch Nekrasoff Russian poet, born in Podolia. His poems, including Russian Women, and For whom is Life worth Living ...
Nelson	Robert	Robert Nelson English religious writer, was born in London, and elected a fellow of the Royal Society in 1680, and was especially interested in the work...
Nennius	%20	%20 Nennius Supposed author of the Historia Britonum. Discrepancies in the dates given for the composition of the history (which, accord...
Nepos	Cornelius	Cornelius Nepos A Roman historian, probably a native of Verona, was a friend and contemporary of Cicero, Atticus, and Catullus. He wrote a colle...
Newbolt	Henry John	Henry John Newbolt English poet and journalist, was born at Bilston, Stafforshire, and practised at the bar until 1899. After the success of his ...
Nicander	Karl August	Karl August Nicander Swedish poet, was born at Strengnäs; he was sent by the Swedish Academy to Italy (1827-9), and the degree to which Italy possessed ...
Nicasio	Alvarez de Cienfuegos	Alvarez de Cienfuegos Nicasio Dramatist and philological writer, born at Madrid. His most popular tragedies were Zoraida, Condes...
Niccolini	Giambattista	Giambattista Niccolini Italian dramatist, was born at S. Giuliano, near Pisa, and came to be professor of history and mythology and secretary at the Flo...
Nicholas of Damascus	%20	%20 Nicholas of Damascus A Greek historian, who lived in the 1st century B.C. He was the friend of Augustus and Herod the Great. Besides an autob...
Nicholson	Edward Williams Byron	Edward Williams Byron Nicholson British author and librarian, born at St. Helier, Jersey; was appointed in 1882 to take charge of the Bodleian Library, ...
Nicoll	William Robertson	William Robertson Nicoll Scottish author and critic, was born at Lumsden, Aberdeenshire. He was minister of the Free Church at Dufftown (1874-7),...
Nizami		Nizami Persian poet, was born at Tafrish, and resided at Genje, or Ganjah. He is one of the seven great poets of Persia, and the author of...
Nodier	Jean Emmanuel Charles	Jean Emmanuel Charles Nodier French writer, was born at Besançon, and was compelled to leave Paris on account of a satire on Napoleon in 1802. He...
Noel	Roden Berkeley Wriothesley	Roden Berkeley Wriothesley Noel English poet and critic, was son of the Earl of Gainsborough. He has published Behind the Veil (1863), <...
Nordau	Max Simon	Max Simon Nordau German author, of Jewish descent, was born at Budapest, and has practised since 1880 as a physician in Paris. His principal boo...
Nordenflycht	Hedvig Charlotte	Hedvig Charlotte Nordenflycht Swedish authoress, born at Stockholm. Her first work was an elegy on the death of her husband, within a year of the...
Norris	Frank	Frank Norris American novelist, born in Chicago. An art student in Paris (1887-9), in 1896 he went to S. Africa as war correspondent for the ...
Norris	John	John Norris English philosophic writer and poet, held a fellowship at All Souls?, Oxford, and spent the last twenty years of his life as rector of Bemer...
Norris	William Edward	William Edward Norris Novelist, forsook law for literature. Heaps of Money (1877) was the first of a series of novels, which includes <...
Norton	Caroline Elizabeth Sarah	Caroline Elizabeth Sarah Norton English poetess, was born in London, a granddaughter of Richard Brinsley Sheridan. Her first book of poems, ...
Norton	Charles Eliot	Charles Eliot Norton American author, was born at Cambridge, Massachusetts; is an authority on Dante, and was professor of the history of art at Harvard...
Norton	Thomas	Thomas Norton English lawyer and poet, was born in London; entered Parliament (1558), and became remembrancer of the city of London (1571). He s...
Nosfradamus	%20	%20 Nosfradamus The name assumed by Michel de Notredame, French astrologer, of Jewish birth, born at St. Remy (Provence). Practising as a physici...
Nota	Alberto	Alberto Nota Italian writer of comedies, was born at Turin, and held various legal posts. He is too fond of imitating others (Molière, Goldoni, I...
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Nuñez de Arce	Gaspar	Gaspar Nuñez de Arce Spanish poet, born at Valladolid, was minister for the colonies in the Sagasta cabinet (1883-4), and in 1888 took charge of commerc...
Nyblom	Carl Rupert	Carl Rupert Nyblom Swedish author, born at Upsala; professor of æsthetics at Upsala (1869), and member of the Academy (1879). His first volume o...
Nye	Edgar Wilson	Edgar Wilson Nye American humourist, was born in Shirley, Maine; admitted to the bar in Wyoming territory (1876), and afterwards settled in New York. ...
Nyerup	Rasmus	Rasmus Nyerup Danish author, born at Nyrup in Fünen; became professor of literary history at the University of Copenhagen (1796), and principal libraria...
N£vius	Gn£us	Gn£us N£vius Poet of ancient Rome, was probably a native of Campania, and served in the first Punic war (264-241 B.C.). For a libel on the Metell...
O'Hara	Theodore	Theodore O'Hara American poet, journalist, and soldier; was admitted to the bar, served with distinction in the Mexican war, and subsequently took part a...
O'Keefe, or O'Keeffe	John	John O'Keefe, or O'Keeffe Irish dramatist, acted for a time in Dublin, but in 1780 settled in London, where he produced light comedies and musical farce...
O'Reilly	John Boyle	John Boyle O'Reilly Irish-American poet and journalist, born at Dowth Castle, near Drogheda. Convicted in 1866 of Fenianism, he was sentenced to ...
O'Shaughnessy	Arthur William Edgar	Arthur William Edgar O'Shaughnessy English poet, born in London, was assistant in the British Museam (1861). He became an authority on herpetolog...
Occleve, or Hoccleve	Thomas	Thomas Occleve, or Hoccleve English poet, obtained a clership in the Privy Seal office, where he worked for some thirty-five years. His chief po...
Oehlenschläger	Adam Gottlob	Adam Gottlob Oehlenschläger Romantic poet of Denmark. Under the influence of Steffens he became acquainted with German romantic literature, and h...
Ohnet	Georges	Georges Ohnet French novelist, born in Paris; devoted himself to the production of the romances of social life which, under the general title of Les...
Oldham	John	John Oldham Poet born at Skipton-Moyne, near Tetbury, Gloucestershire. He was a tutor (1678-81), gained the friendship of Dryden, and was a favou...
Oldmixon	John	John Oldmixon Historian and minor poet, is best known for his histories and pamphlets. The former include The British Empire in America ...
Oliphant	Laurence	Laurence Oliphant Barrister and author, born at Cape Town, was private secretary to the Earl of Elgin in Canada in 1854, and in China in 1857, in the in...
Oliphant	Margaret Oliphant Wilson	Margaret Oliphant Wilson Oliphant Novelist and biographer, was born at Wallyford, near Musselburgh. In 1852 she married her cousin Francis Olipha...
Olivier	Juste Daniel	Juste Daniel Olivier French-Swiss author and poet, born at Eysins (Vaud); was occupied from 1845-71 in teaching in Paris, where Sainte-Beuve was his int...
Ongaro	Francesco Dall'	Francesco Dall' Ongaro Italian writer and patriot, was born in prov. Treviso; settled at Trieste as a journalist (1836). Forced to leave Trieste ...
Oosterzee	Jan Jakob Van	Jan Jakob Van Oosterzee Dutch evangelical theologian, occupied the chair of theology at Utrecht, and was a religious leader. Among his numerous works:...
Opie	Amelia, née Alderson	Amelia, née Alderson Opie English author, married in 1798 to John Opie the painter. Among her novels are : The Dangers of Coquetry, and F...
Opitz	Martin	Martin Opitz German poet, was born at Bunzlau; was made historiographer to the king of Poland. He became, at an early age, the recognized leader ...
Orrery	Roger Boyle	Roger Boyle Orrery Baron Broghill and First Earl Of Orrey British statesman and dramatist; served with the royalists in Ireland in the civil war; ...
Osbourne	Lloyd	Lloyd Osbourne American novelist, was born at San Francisco, and became stepson of Robert Louis Stevenson. From 1887 to 1896 he resided at Samoa...
Ostrovskii	Alexander Nikolaievitch	Alexander Nikolaievitch Ostrovskii Russian dramatist, distinguished for the portrayal of middle-class life, more especially the merchants of Moscow. ...
Ottried	%20	%20 Ottried German poet, a monk in the abbey of Weissenburg in Alsace, is remembered for his Liber Evangeliorum, a poem on the gospel history, wr...
Otway	Thomas	Thomas Otway English dramatist, was born at Trotton, near Midhurst, Sussex. In 1675 he was in London, writing both tragedies and comedies which w...
Ouida		Ouida Ouida - nom de plume of Louise De La Ramée English novelist, born at Bury St. Edmunds, whose first story, Granville de Vigne, <...
Overbury	Sir Thomas	Sir Thomas Overbury English writer, was born at Ilmington, Warwickshire. When Robert Carr became the royal favourite in 1603, Overbury attached h...
Ovid	%20	%20 Ovid Ovid - whose full name was Publius Ovidius Naso, Latin poet, born at Sulmo in the Apennies. He was appointed one of the centumviri...
Owen	John	John Owen Welsh author, was born at Pembroke. In 1870 he was appointed rector of East Anstey, near Dulverton. His works include Evenings with...
Oxenford	John	John Oxenford English author and critic, born at Camberwell, London. Turning naturally to literature, he translated Eckermann's Conversations...
Oxenstjerna	Johan Gabriel	Johan Gabriel Oxenstjerna Count Oxenstjerna. Swedish poet and diplomatist, was for a long time attached to the Swedish embassy at Vienna. ...
Ozanam	Antoine Frédéric	Antoine Frédéric Ozanam French historical writer, born at Milan; became (1840) professor of foreign languages at the Sorbonne in Paris. His work...
Pacuvius	Marcus	Marcus Pacuvius Roman tragic poet, was a native of Brundusium; his mother was a sister of the poet Ennius. He spent the greater part of his life...
Pailleron	Edouard	Edouard Pailleron French dramatist, was born at Paris. Two very able comedies, Le Monde où l'On s'amuse (1868) and Les Faux Ménages ...
Paine	Thomas	Thomas Paine English author, born at Thetford, Norfolk. In 1761 he became a petty government official; then was a shopkeeper, then an artisan, an...
Painter	William	William Painter English author, a native of either Kent or Middlesex, became headmaster of Sevenoaks school (1560) and clerk of the ordnance in the Towe...
Paleario	Aonio or Antonio	Aonio or Antonio Paleario Also called Antonio Dei Pagliarici - Italian author and reformer, spent some years at Siena; wrote his poem De Immortalita...
Paley	William	William Paley English author, was born at Peterborough, and graduated as senior wrangler at Cambridge (1763). He lectured on moral philosophy at ...
Palgrave	Francis Turner	Francis Turner Palgrave English poet and critic, son of the preceding, was born at Great Yarmouth. He was vice-principal of the training college f...
Pallavicino	Sforza	Sforza Pallavicino Jesuit writer, was a native of Rome. His principal work is Istoria del Concilio Trento (1664), written in defence of ...
Palmblad	Wilhelm Fredrik	Wilhelm Fredrik Palmblad Swedish author, born at Liljestad in E. Gothland. In 1807 he founded, with Atterbom, at Upsala, the society Aurora, in th...
Paltock	Robert	Robert Paltock English author, a native of London, trained for the law. He is remembered as the writer of The Life and Adventures of Peter Wi...
Paludan = Müller	Frederik	Frederik Paludan = Müller Danish poet, was born at Kjerteminde in Fünen; attracted attention while still a student by his romantic drama, Kjærlighed...
Panzacchi	Enrico	Enrico Panzacchi Italian writer, was born at Bologna; taught philosophy in his native city till he was appointed to the chair of æsthetics at the univer...
Pardo Bazan	Emilia	Emilia Pardo Bazan The principal Spanish woman writer of the 19th-20th century, was born at Corunna. She writes vividly, but somewhat in the Fren...
Pardoe	Julia	Julia Pardoe English author, born at Beverley, Yorkshire. Travels in Portugal, Hungary, and Turkey furnished material for successful literary effo...
Parini	Giuseppe	Giuseppe Parini Italian poet, was born at Bosisio, near Milan, and taught literature at various schools in Milan. He reformed Italian poetry by i...
Paris	Louis Philippe D'Orléans	Louis Philippe D'Orléans Paris Comte De Paris. Claimant of the French throne, was born in Paris, the eldest son of Ferdinand Duc d'Orléans, son o...
Parker	Sir Gilbert	Sir Gilbert Parker English author, was born in Canada. In 1886 he became jointeditor of the Sydney Morning Herald. Parker has been member...
Parker	Louis N.	Louis N. Parker English dramatist and composer, was born at Calvados in France. After being nineteen years director of music in Sherborne School,...
Parnell	Thomas	Thomas Parnell English poet, was born at Dublin. He took orders, receiving in 1706 the archdeaconry of Clogher, becoming in 1713 prebendary of Dun...
Pascoli	Giovanni	Giovanni Pascoli Italian poet and scholar, was born at S. Marco di Romagna (prov. Forli); became a lecturer in the University of Bologna, and professor ...
Patanjali	%20	%20 Patanjali Indian philosopher of the 2nd century B.C., was the founder of the Yoga school of Hindu philosophy. Patanjali is also accredited by...
Patmore	Conventry Kersey Dighton	Conventry Kersey Dighton Patmore English poet and critic, was born at Woodford in Essex. In 1844 he published a volume of Poems, full of...
Pauw	Cornelius Van	Cornelius Van Pauw Dutch author, uncle of Anacharsis Clootz, was born at Amsterdam. He joined the Fransciscans, and held the cannory of Xanten, i...
Payn	James	James Payn English novelist, born at Cheltenham. In 1858 he became editor of Chambers?s Journal, and in 1883 followed Leslie Stephen on ...
Payne	John Howard	John Howard Payne American dramatist and actor, born in New York; he is chiefly remembered as the author of the lyric 'Home, Sweet Home,' which occurs i...
Peacock	Thomas Love	Thomas Love Peacock English poet and novelist, was born at Weymouth. In 1801 he was put into business in London, but the acquaintanceship of Shel...
Peele	George	George Peele English dramatist, was the son of a clerk of Christ Hospital, London. At Oxford he won a reputation as a poet, and in 1579 began a l...
Pellico	Silvio	Silvio Pellico Italian writer and patriot, was born at Saluzzo. He edited the Conciliatore (with Manzoni and others), which was soon sup...
Pemberton	Max	Max Pemberton English novelist and editor, born in Birmingham. He joined the staff of Vanity Fair (1885), and has been editor of Cas...
Penrose	Elizabeth	Elizabeth Penrose Elizabeth Penrose, or Mrs. 'Markham'. Writer of childern's books, was born at Goadby-Marwood, Leicestershire. In 1823 she ...
Percival	James Gates	James Gates Percival American poet and geologist, was born in Kensington, Connecticut; and practised medicine in Kensington and in Charleston, S. Caroli...
Pereda	José Maria De	José Maria De Pereda Spanish novelist, a strong and virile portrayer of the humorous and foibles of his countrymen, and especially those of his own prov...
Perez de Montalvan	Juan	Juan Perez de Montalvan Spanish dramatist and follower of Lope de Veja, born at Madrid; was a bookseller, who became a priest, and died mad of overwork. ...
Perez Galdos	Benito	Benito Perez Galdos Spanish novelist, born at Las Palmas, Canary Is. He achieved his first success with the historical romance La Fontana de ...
Perrault	Charles	Charles Perrault French writer, born at Paris; was clerk to his brother Pierre, the receiver-general of the finances of Paris, and in 1663 was made by C...
Persius	%20	%20 Persius Roman satirist, was born at Volaterræ in Etruria; his full name was Aulus Persius Flaccus. At Rome he met Stoic Annæus Cornutus, with...
Peter II	%20	%20 Peter II Prince of Montenegro, was one of the greatest poets of Servian literature. Chief works: Luca mikrokosma (1845); Gorski vij...
Petrarch, or Petrarca	Francesco	Francesco Petrarch, or Petrarca Italian poet and humanist, was born at Arezzo. The family eventually settled at Avignon, and in 1326 Petrarch ent...
Petöfi	Sandor	Sandor Petöfi Hungarian poet, born at Kis-Körös, co. Pest; became known as a writer of lyrics unrivalled in the language. His work marked an epoc...
Philemon	%20	%20 Philemon The earliest writer of the Attic new comedy, began to exhibit about 330 B.C., and continued to do so until 262. He wrote nearly one ...
Philetas	%20	%20 Philetas A Greek poet of the Alexandrian school, died about 270 B.C. His poetry was chiefly elegiac; he was ranked next to Callimachus of th...
Philips	Ambrose	Ambrose Philips English poet, was born in Shropshire. He was a fellow of St. John's College, Cambridge, from 1699-1708. Settling in London in 1710...
Philips	John	John Philips English poet, born at Bampton, Oxfordshire. His chief productions were The Splendid Shilling (1701), a burlesque poem in im...
Philips	Katherine	Katherine Philips English poetess, known as 'the matchless Orinda,' was born in London. In 1647 she became the second wife of James Philips of th...
Philips	Edward	Edward Philips English author, nephew of John Milton, was born in London. He published a translation of Milton's Letters of State (c. 16...
Philips	John	John Philips English poet. He was educated by his uncle, the poet Milton, for whom he wrote the Responsio ad Apologiam pro Rege et Populo Angli...
Philips, Stephen		Philips, Stephen English poet, born at Somerton, near Oxford. After six years' experience of the stage with Mr. Frank Benson, he acted as an arm...
Philo Judæus		Philo Judæus Philo Judæus - i.e. the Jew Hellenistic philosopher and theologian, belonged to Alexandria. Though well versed in Greek...
Philostratus	%20	%20 Philostratus A Greek rhetorician, and a native of Lemnos, who spent most of his life at Rome. The most important of his works is his Life...
Phrynichus		Phrynichus (1.) An Attic tragic poet, who flourished between 511 and 476 B.C. He was famous for the beauty of his lyrics in the choruses of his tragedies, a...
Pichler	Karoline Von Greiner	Karoline Von Greiner Pichler Austrian novelist, was born at Vienna, the daughter of a governess of Maria Theresa. She won a great reputation by he...
Pindar		Pindar Greek lyric poet, was a native of Thebes in B?otia, and belonged to one of its noblest and most ancient families. He was influenced by th...
Pindemonte	Ippolito	Ippolito Pindemonte Italian writer, was born at Verona; entered the Maltese Order; travelled in Switzerland, Germany, France, and England (1788-90), and...
Pinkerton	John	John Pinkerton Scottish antiquary and miscellaneous writer, was born in Edinburgh, but afterwards settled in London. There he edited (with severa...
Pioug	Parmo Carl	Parmo Carl Pioug Danish poet and politician, born at Kolding, was a warm advocate of Scandinavian political union, which he promoted as editor of Fæ...
Piozzi	Hester Lynch	Hester Lynch Piozzi Welsh author, was born at Bodvel, Carnarvonshire. She is better known as Mrs. Thrale, the friend of Dr. Johnson, who for eigh...
Pisemsky	Alexei Feofilac Tovitch	Alexei Feofilac Tovitch Pisemsky Russian novelist, a native of Kostroma; was in the civil service until 1872. The publication of his first novel, ...
Pitcairne	Archibald	Archibald Pitcairne Scottish poet and psysician, born in Edinburgh. He took up medicine, commencing practice in Edinburgh. His treatise, Solu...
Planché	James Robinson	James Robinson Planché English playwright and Somerset herald, born in London. He helped to form the British Archæological Association (1843), wa...
Platon	Karl August Gustavus	Karl August Gustavus Platon Count Von Hallermund-Plates. German poet, born at Anspach. By the finish of his Ghaselen and other lyri...
Plautus	Titus Maccius	Titus Maccius Plautus Comic poet of ancient Rome, was a native of Sarsina in Umbria. In early life he was a servant to actors, and then gained hi...
Plumptre	Edward Hayes	Edward Hayes Plumptre Dean of Wells, born in London; was chaplain at King's College, London (1847-68), professor of pastoral theology (1853-63), and pro...
Poe	Edgar Allan	Edgar Allan Poe American poet and prose writer, born in Boston. He was adopted by John Allan of Richmond, Virginia, with whom he visited England ...
Poliziano, or Politian	Angelo	Angelo Poliziano, or Politian Italian poet and humanist, whose real family name was Ambrogini, was born at Montepulciano. He was tutor to Lorenzo...
Polonski	Jakob Petrovitch	Jakob Petrovitch Polonski Russian lyric poet, born at Riazan. He published lyrical Poems, marked by grace and elegance of versification....
Ponce de Leon	Luis	Luis Ponce de Leon Spanish poet and mystic, born at Belmonte del Tajo. An Augustine friar and professor of theology at Salamanca University, whic...
Ponsard	François	François Ponsard French dramatist, born at Vienne; became famous through a series of plays in which he had the good fortune exactly to suit the temperam...
Pontano	Giovanni	Giovanni Pontano Italian poet, historian, and statesman, was born near Cerreto; entered the service of King Alfonso of Naples (1447), and rose to be sec...
Pontoppidan	Erik	Erik Pontoppidan Erik Pontoppidan, The Younger. Danish author, was born at Aarhus; in 1738 was appointed professor of theology at Copenhagen, and i...
Pontoppidan	Henrik	Henrik Pontoppidan Danish novelist, winner of the 1917 Nobel Prize in Literature, was born at Fredericia, and first excited attention by his Stækked...
Poole	John	John Poole English writer and playwright, author of numerous successful comedies and farces, including Paul Pry, 'Twixt the cup and the Lip, Turning...
Pope	Alexander	Alexander Pope English poet, born in London. The boy claimed to have taught himself Latin, French, and Greek; but he relied chiefly on translatio...
Porphyrius		Porphyrius A Greek philosopher of the Neo-Platonic school, was a native probably of Batanea in Syria. His name was originally Malchus, a Grecize...
Porter	Jane	Jane Porter English novelist, was born at Durham. In 1803 she published Thaddeus of Warsav, following it in 1810 with The Scottish C...
Potgieter	Everhardus Johannes	Everhardus Johannes Potgieter Dutch critic and poet, born at Zwolle; founded in Amsterdam a journal, De Muzen. This was superseded by De Gi...
Praed	Winthrop Mackworth	Winthrop Mackworth Praed Poet, born in London. He was called to the bar (1829), but relinquished his legal career to enter Parliament as M.P. for ...
Prati	Giovanni	Giovanni Prati Italian poet, born at Dasindo, near Trent, Austria. His Edmenegarda (1841), a short blank-verse epic, is probably the bes...
Prévost	Marcel	Marcel Prévost French novelist and dramatist, born in Paris. Till 1890 he was civil engineer. His first success as a novelist was with Le Sco...
Prévost = Paradol	Lucien Anatole	Lucien Anatole Prévost = Paradol French author and journalist, born at Paris; was appointed professor of French literature at Aix (1855), and in 1856 wa...
Price	Richard	Richard Price Welsh philosopher and author, born at Tynton, Glamorgan; became a preacher in London - Stoke Newington Green, and Hackney. His ...
Pringle	Thomas	Thomas Pringle Scottish poet, born at Blaiklaw, Roxburghshire. Lame from infancy, he entered the Public Record department of the Register House, ...
Prinsep	Valentine Cameron	Valentine Cameron Prinsep English artist and author; first exhibited in 1862, and was elected A.R.A. (1879), and R.A. (1894). He was professor of...
Prior	Matthew	Matthew Prior English poet, born probably at Wimborne, E. Dorset; was educated at Westminster School and St. John's College, Cambridge. He entere...
Procter	Bryan Waller	Bryan Waller Procter English poet and biographer, born at Leeds. An early contributor to the Literary Gazette, he was enabled to devote ...
Propertius	Sextus	Sextus Propertius Roman elegiac poet, was born probably about 50 B.C. at Asisium, now Assissi, in Umbria. He is known to have been alive in 16 B....
Protagoras		Protagoras Greek sophist of the 5th century B.C., was a native of Abdera in Thrace, and was born probably before 480 B.C., dying about 411 B.C. ...
Prothero	George Walter	George Walter Prothero English man of letters, was born in Wiltshire, and was professor of history at Edinburgh University (1894-9) and editor of the
Prothero	Rowland Edmund	Rowland Edmund Prothero English man of letters, brother of the preceding, was born at Clifton-on-Teme, Worcestershire; was editor of the Quarterly R...
Prudentius	%20	%20 Prudentius Prudentius, or Clemens Prudentius Aurelius. Spanish Latin poet, born at Saragossa. He was patronized by the Emperor Honoriu...
Pulci	Luigi	Luigi Pulci Italian poet, was born at Florence; enjoyed the favour of Lorenzo de' Medici, and was sent by him on various embassies. His Il Mo...
Pulszky	Franz Aurel	Franz Aurel Pulszky Hungarian politician and writer, born at Eperies. He wrote Extracts from the Diary of a Hungarian Traveller in Great Brit...
Purchas	Samuel	Samuel Purchas English author, native of Essex; became curate of Purleigh (1601), and vicar of Eastwood, both in Essex (1604-13), and was rector of St. ...
Pushkin	Alexander Sergeievitch	Alexander Sergeievitch Pushkin Russian poet, dramatist, novelist, and historian, was born at Moscow. His descent was a curious mingling of contras...
Pyle	Howard	Howard Pyle American artist and author, born at Wilmington, Delaware, and studied at the Art Students' League, New York. He was written and illustrate...
Quarles	Francis	Francis Quarles English versifier, was born probably at Romford. In 1613 he became cup-bearer to Elizabeth of Bohemia. In 1629 he was at Dublin a...
Quevedo y Villegas	Francisco	Francisco Quevedo y Villegas Francisco Gomez De Quevedo y Villegas. Spanish poet and satirist, born in Madrid. His brilliancy, his honesty, ...
Quinault	Philippe	Philippe Quinault French dramatist, and the first celebrated writer of French lyric tragedy, born in Paris; had produced seventeen pieces - tragedies an...
Quinet	Edgar	Edgar Quinet French man of letters, was born at Bourg (Ain dep.). Cousin was attracted to him by his translation of Herder's Philosophie der ...
Quintana	Manuel José	Manuel José Quintana Spanish poet and man of letters, born at Madrid. Altough he wrote criticism, politics, history, drama, and verse of all kind...
Racine	Jean	Jean Racine French dramatist, was born at La Ferté-Milon (Aisne dept.), and was sent to the college at Beauvais (1649) - an institution with pronounced ...
Radcliffe	Mrs. Ann	Mrs. Ann Radcliffe English novelist, was born in London. She published in 1789 The Castles of Athlin and Dunbayne, a slight mediæval rom...
Rahbek	Knud Lyne	Knud Lyne Rahbek Danish author, born at Copenhagen; began in 1785 to edit the critical review Minerva; professor of æsthetics (1790); foun...
Raleigh	Cecil	Cecil Raleigh Cecil Raleigh - assumed dramatic name of the second son of J.F. Rowlands, M.D. -, dramatic author, was born in Monmouthshire. Taking...
Ramsay	Allan	Allan Ramsay Scottish writer, was born at Leadhills, Lanarkshire. He made his name in 1716 by publishing a continuation of Christ's Kirk on th...
Randolph	Thomas	Thomas Randolph English poet and dramatist, was born at Newnham-cum-Badby, Northants. He had a reputation as a wit, both in Cambridge and in Lond...
Rands	William Brighty	William Brighty Rands English miscellaneous writer, under the pseudonyms of Henry Holbeach and Matthew Browne, was the son of a Chelsea shopkeeper, andb...
Raoul de Houdenc		Raoul de Houdenc A French poet of the 12th century, the most original and successful of the many imitators of Chrétien de Troyes. Three works of ...
Rapisardi	Mario	Mario Rapisardi Italian poet, was born at Catania, and has since 1875 been professor of Italian literature in the university of his native town. I...
Ravenscroft	Edward	Edward Ravenscroft British dramatist. His first play was Mamamouchi; or, The Citizen turned Gentleman (1671), and other successful piece...
Raynouard	François Juste Marie	François Juste Marie Raynouard Provençal scholar, was born at Brignolles (Provence), became a lawyer, and was elected to the legislature on several occa...
Reade	Charles	Charles Reade English novelist and dramatist, was born at Ipsden House, Oxfordshire. Settling in London as a man of letters in 1843, he steadily ...
Rees	Abraham	Abraham Rees Welsh author, born at Llanbrynmair, Montgomeryshire. He was nonconformist minister at the Old Jewry, London (1783-1825), and publish...
Reeve	Clara	Clara Reeve English novelist, born at Ipswich. Her first literary effort, The Phœnix (1772), a translation from the Latin Argenis
Reeve	Henry	Henry Reeve English man of letters, born at Norwich. He was appointed clerk of appeal to the judicial committee of the privy council (1837), and ...
Regnard	Jean François	Jean François Regnard French dramatist, born at Paris, was one of Molière’s most brilliant disciples in comedy. He wrote no plays until more than...
Regnier	Mathurin	Mathurin Regnier French satirical poet, was born at Chartres. Although noted for his licentious habits, he obtained canonry at Chartres in 1604, ...
Reid	Mayne	Mayne Reid Irish novelist, originally Thomas Mayne Reid, born at Ballyroney, Co. Down. He emigrated to America (1840), and after a roving life joi...
Reid	Sir Thomas Wemyss	Sir Thomas Wemyss Reid English man of letters, was born at Newcastle-on-Tyne. He became a journalist, and in 1864 was appointed editor of the ...
Rémusat	Charles François Marie	Charles François Marie Rémusat Count De Rémusat - French author and statesman, was born at Paris. He was under secretary for the interior in 1836...
Renan	Ernest	Ernest Renan French writer. The beauty and clearness of the French language have seldom been better displayed that in Renan’s crystal sentences. T...
Repplier	Agnes	Agnes Repplier American essayist, a native of Philadelphia, where she is a lecturer on literature. She has written: Books and Men (1888), Point...
Reumont	Alfred Von	Alfred Von Reumont German writer, was a native of Aix-la-Chapelle. From 1829 he was engaged in the German diplomatic service in Florence, Rome, L...
Reuter	Henrich Ludwig Christian Friedrich	Henrich Ludwig Christian Friedrich Reuter German humorist, always known as Fritz, was born at Stavenhagen in Mecklenburg-Schwerin. At Jena he beca...
Reybaud	Marie Roch Louis	Marie Roch Louis Reybaud French author, was born at Marseilles. He made a number of voyages to the Levant and India; became in 1829 a Liberal pub...
Rhys	Ernest	Ernest Rhys English author, was born in London, and practised as a mining engineer from 1877 to 1885, when he adopted literature as a profession. ...
Rice	James	James Rice English novelist, born at Northampton. He became editor and proprietor of Once a Week (1868), in which appeared Ready Mon...
Richardson	Samuel	Samuel Richardson English novelist, was born in Derbyshire. Apprenticed to a London printer, he printed the Journals of the House of Com...
Richepin	Jean	Jean Richepin French poet, novelist, and dramatist, was born at Médéa (Algiers), and a somewhat adventures youth as a soldier, actor, and sailor was acc...
Richl	Wilhelm Heinrich Von	Wilhelm Heinrich Von Richl German novelist, born at Biebrich on the Rhine; became a journalist, and founded the Nassauische Allgemeine Zeitung ...
Richmond	Legh	Legh Richmond English author and divine, born at Liverpool. He was rector of Turvey, Bedfordshire (1805-27), being noted for his strong evangelic...
Richter	Johann Paul Friedrich	Johann Paul Friedrich Richter Generally known as Jean Paul, German humorist, was born at Wunsiedel, near Bayreuth. Although the son of a poor pas...
Rimbaud	Jean Arthur	Jean Arthur Rimbaud French poet and adventurer, was born at Charleville in the Ardennes. He ran away from school to Paris, where he formed an acq...
Rita	%20	%20 Rita Rita - pen-name of Mrs. Desmond Humphreys. Novelist, was born in Inverness, Scotland, but passed her youth in Australia. Her works...
Rives	Amélie	Amélie Rives American novelist, was born in Richmond, Virginia. In 1888 she married J.A. Chanler, from whom she was divorced, afterwards marrying...
Robert Of Gloucester	%20	%20 Robert Of Gloucester Author of a rhymed Chronicle of English history, written posterior to 1297 - Hearne’s edition (1724), or Aldis Wright’...
Roberts	Charles George Douglas	Charles George Douglas Roberts Canadian poet, was born in New Brunswick. He assumed the editorship of the Toronto Week in 1883, and was ...
Roberts	Morley	Morley Roberts English novelist, was born in London. In 1874 he went to Australia, where he worked in the bush. Returning to England in 1879, he ...
Robertson	John Mackinnon	John Mackinnon Robertson Scottish author, born at Brodick, Isle of Arron. He became leader-writer for the Edinburgh Evening News (1878),...
Robertson	Thomas William	Thomas William Robertson English actor and dramatist, brother of Mrs. Kendal, was born at Newark-on-Trent. His first success was made in 1864 wit...
Robertson	William Bruce	William Bruce Robertson Best known as 'Robertson of Irvine,'’Scottish preacher and poet, was born near St. Ninians, Stirlingshire, and became minister o...
Rochester	John	John Rochester English poet and Second Earl Of Rochester. His wit, and still more his taste for libertinage, gained him great favour with Charles ...
Rod - Edouard	%20	%20 Rod - Edouard Swiss novelist and critic, was born at Nyon; went to Paris, where he became editor of La Revue Contemporaine in 1887 he was a...
Rodd	Sir James Rennell	Sir James Rennell Rodd British diplomatist and poet, became English attaché at Berlin (1884) and Athens (1888), British agent at Zanzibar (1893), special...
Rodenberg		Rodenberg Rodenberg (originally Levy Julius) - German author, was born at Rodenberg, Prussia. After travelling in England, Denmark, Italy, and Hol...
Rogers	Henry	Henry Rogers English essayist, born at St. Albans. He was professor of literature at University College, London (1836-9); professor of literature...
Rogers	Samuel	Samuel Rogers English poet, born at Stoke-Newington. He was a London banker, but contributed to the Gentleman's Magazine (1781), and wrot...
Rohlfs	Anna Katharine Green	Anna Katharine Green Rohlfs American novelist, was born at Brooklyn, New York. She has written a large number of novels, among them The Leave...
Rojas = Zorilla	Francisco De	Francisco De Rojas = Zorilla Spanish dramatist, a native of Toledo, lived at Madrid, and about 1641 was made about 1641 was made a knight of Santiago. ...
Rolle	Richard of Hampole	Richard of Hampole Rolle English poet, was born at Thornton in Yorkshire, and devoted himself from his niniteenth year to the life of a hermit, living a...
Ronsard	Pierre De	Pierre De Ronsard French poet, was born near Vendôme, and was a page first at the French court and afterwards at that of James V. of Scotland; but from ...
Roquette	Otto	Otto Roquette German poet, born at Krotoschin, Posen. He was a teacher in Dresden and in Berlin. In 1869 he became professor of German language and l...
Rosa - Salvator		Rosa - Salvator Italian painter, etcher, and poet, born at Arenella, near Naples; studied at Naples under Ribera and went to Rome in 1634, where his gr...
Roscius	Quintus	Quintus Roscius The most famous comic actor of ancient Rome, was a native of Solonium, near Lanuvium. His excellence was the result of careful stu...
Rose	Roman de La	Roman de La Rose A French poetico-satirical allegory of the 13th century, which for three hundred years coloured all literary work from lyric to drama, ...
Rosegger	Peter Kettenfeier	Peter Kettenfeier Rosegger Austrian novelist, born at Alppel, near Krieglach, Styria. He was the originator of the sentimental ‘story in dialect’...
Rossetti	Christina Georgina	Christina Georgina Rossetti English poet, was born in London, the daughter of Gabriele Rossetti, the Italian poet-patriot. Her poetry is distinguished b...
Rossetti	Dante Gabriel	Dante Gabriel Rossetti English poet and painter, whose real name was Gabriel Charles Dante Rossetti, was born in London, the son of Gabriele Rossetti. ...
Rossetti	Gabriele	Gabriele Rossetti Italian writer and patriot, was born at Vasto in Abruzzo Citeriore. Having joined the Carbonari, he was forced to leave Italy, ...
Rossetti	William Michael	William Michael Rossetti English man of letters, born at London, son of Gabriele Rossetti; entered the Excise Office, whence he was transferred to the B...
Rostand	Edmond	Edmond Rostand French dramatist, born at Marseilles, has restored the poetic drama to the French stage. In 1894 his verse comedy Les Romanesqu...
Rouget de Lisle	Claude Joseph	Claude Joseph Rouget de Lisle French poet, was born at Lons-le-Saulnier. While serving as a captain of engineers at Straussburg, he in a burst of...
Roumanille	Joseph	Joseph Roumanille Provençal poet, was born at St. Remy, Bouches-du-Rhône, and became a publisher at Avignon. Along with Mistral he devoted his li...
Rousseau	Jean Baptiste	Jean Baptiste Rousseau French poet and dramatist, was born in Paris. Being banished from France for a series of libellous epigrams, he fled to Sw...
Rousseau	Jean Jacques	Jean Jacques Rousseau French philosophic writer, was the son of a watchmaker at Geneva. His chief qualities were a susceptibility to emotion, alm...
Rousseau	Pierre Etienne Théodore	Pierre Etienne Théodore Rousseau 'The father of modern French landscape,'’ born in Paris; exhibited his first work in the Salon of 1834 - Lisière d’u...
Rowe	Nicholas	Nicholas Rowe English poet-laureate and dramatist, was born at Little Barford, Bedfordshire. From 1708-11 he was secretary to the Duke of Queensb...
Rowley	William	William Rowley English dramatist, appeared as leading comedian in the Prince of Wales Company (1613), and left the stage (c. 1627). He collaborat...
Ruccellai	Giovanni	Giovanni Ruccellai Italian poet, born at Florence; was sent by his cousin, Pope Leo X., as a ambassador to France (1522), and was then appointed by Clem...
Rudbeck	Olof	Olof Rudbeck Swedish author and scientist, born at Westerås; in his twenty-first year he discovered the lymphatic glands; was professor of practical med...
Rueda	Lope De	Lope De Rueda Spanish actor and dramatist, and one of the founders of the Spanish secular stage, born at Seville. He first popularized the true d...
Ruiz	Juan	Juan Ruiz Spanish poet, sometimes called the Spanish Rabelais, but more commonly known as the archpriest of Hita, was a type of the free-living, coarse-...
Runeberg	Johan Ludvig	Johan Ludvig Runeberg The greatest Swedish poet of Finland, and one of the greatest of Scandinavian, was born at Jacobstadt; was professor at Borgå from...
Ruskin	John	John Ruskin English writer; came into general notice with Modern Painters and other treatises on the fine arts; in later life he was best know...
Russell	William Clark	William Clark Russell English author, son of Henry Russell (1812-1900), was born in New York, and became a sailor in the British merchant service, but a...
Rückert	Friedrich	Friedrich Rückert German poet and Orientalist, was born at Schweinfurt. In 1815 he settled in Stuttgart as a journalist, but left in 1817 for a t...
Rydberg	Abraham Viktor	Abraham Viktor Rydberg Swedish poet, novelist, and archælogist, was born at Jönköping; edited (1855-77) the Handelstidning of Gothenburg; was a...
Rydqvist	Johan Eric	Johan Eric Rydqvist Swedish author, was born at Gothenburg; edited (1828-32) the literary journal Heimdall (1838); won the Academy of Antiquiti...
Sa'di		Sa'di Sa'di, or Mushariff-Ud-Dinibn-Muslih-Ud-Din - Persian poet, born at Shiraz. Whilst studying at Bagdad he wrote many of his finest odes, whi...
Saavedra y Fajardo	Diego	Diego Saavedra y Fajardo Spanish prose writer, born at Algezares in Murcia; was a diplomatist who passed most of hos life at Rome, Naples, Venice, and i...
Sacchetti	Franco	Franco Sacchetti Italian writer, born at Florence, was legate of the republic to Bologna and Milan, and one of the priors in 1834. Between 1386 a...
Sachs	Hans	Hans Sachs German writer, was born at Nuremberg, where nearly all his life was spent, he being a cobbler or shoemaker. He was by far the most imp...
Sade	Donatien	Donatien Sade Marquis De Sade - French novelist, born at Paris, added the word sadisme to the lanfuage, and some infamous works to the literatur...
Sadoleto	Jacopo	Jacopo Sadoleto Italian scholar and writer, was born at Modena, and owed his bishoppric of Carpentras to Leo X., who kept him at Rome as one of his secr...
Saint = Just	Louis Antoine Léon Florelle De	Louis Antoine Léon Florelle De Saint = Just Louis Antoine Léon Florelle De Just - French revolutionist, was born at Décize, near Nevers. In 1791 h...
Saint = Lambert	Jean François	Jean François Saint = Lambert Marquis De Lambert - Poet, encyclopedist, and philosopher, born at Nancy; served under Stanislas of Poland, and later in t...
Saint = Marc Girardin	François Auguste	François Auguste Saint = Marc Girardin Properly François Auguste Marc Girardin - French politician and man of letters, born at Paris, began (1828) to co...
Saint = Pierre	Jacques Henri Bernardin De	Jacques Henri Bernardin De Saint = Pierre Jacques Henri Bernardin De Saint - French critic and novelist, was born at Havre. After spending three ye...
Saint = Simon	Claude Henri	Claude Henri Saint = Simon Comte De Simon - French socialist, was of aristocrate origin, and born at Paris. He served in the American war of inde...
Saint = Victor	Paul De	Paul De Saint = Victor French prose writer, born at Paris, and contributed successively to the Pays, Presse, Liberté, and Moniteur Universe...
Sainte - Beuve	Charles Augustin	Charles Augustin Sainte - Beuve French critic, born at Boulogne-sur-Mer; went to Paris in 1824, and embarked on a literary career. In 1827 he wro...
Saintsbury	George Edward Bateman	George Edward Bateman Saintsbury English author and critic, was born at Southampton. In 1868 he became senior classical master in Elizabeth Colle...
Saltus	Edgar Evertson	Edgar Evertson Saltus American writer, born in New York City. He published a life of Balzac (1884); expounded the pessimistic ideas of Schopenhau...
Samain	Albert	Albert Samain French poet, born at Lille, is the author of elegiac verse at once sweet, tender, and subtile. In 1893 he published Le Jardin d...
Sanchuniathon	%20	%20 Sanchuniathon A reputed Phœnician writer, a native of Berytus, who lived about 1220 B.C., and whose work on Phœnician theology and history was profe...
Sand	George	George Sand The nom de plume of Armandine Lucile Aurore Dudevant, French novelist, was born in Paris. Her earlier years were spent at Noh...
Sandeau	Léonard Sylvain Jules	Léonard Sylvain Jules Sandeau French dramatist and novelist, born at Aubusson. In collaboration with him George Sand wrote her first book, and he...
Sannazaro	Jacopo	Jacopo Sannazaro Italian poet, was born at Naples, and entered the service first of the Duke of Calabria and then of Frederick of Naples. In Ital...
Santillana	Iñigo Lopez De Mendonza	Iñigo Lopez De Mendonza Santillana Marques De Santillana - Spanish poet and statesman, was born at Carrion in Valencia. A poet of the Italian sch...
Sappho	%20	%20 Sappho Poetess of ancient Greece, was a native of Mitylene in Lesbos, and lived about 600 B.C. She was a contemporary and friend of the poet ...
Sardou	Victorien	Victorien Sardou French dramatist, was born in Paris. His first sucess was the excellent comedy Les Pattes de Mouche (Eng. A Scrap o...
Saunders	John	John Saunders English novelist and dramatist, was born at Barnstaple; went to London in 1840, and began the life of a journalist and man of letters. ...
Saunders	Katherine	Katherine Saunders Daughter of the novelist John Saunders, published a large number of works of fiction, of which the more notable were Gideon's Roc...
Savage	Richard	Richard Savage English poet, claimed to be the illegitimate son of Richard Savage, fourth Earl of Rivers, and the Countess of Macclesfield. His f...
Savage	Richard Henry	Richard Henry Savage American author, was born at Utica; served in the United States Engineers (1868-71) and in the Egyptian army (1871-74), also fought...
Saxe	Johm Gofrey	Johm Gofrey Saxe American poet, born in Highgate, Vermont; edited the Sentinel at Burlington; was state attorney and deputy-collector of custom...
Scarron	Paul	Paul Scarron French dramatist, poet, and novelist, born in Paris. He became an abbé, and received a benefice at Le Mans, but lived at Rome (1634) ...
Scartazzini	Giovanni Andrea	Giovanni Andrea Scartazzini Swiss author and Dante scholar, was born at Bondo in canton Grisons, and laboured as a pastor at various places. Amongst h...
Schandorph	Sophus	Sophus Schandorph Sophus Schandorph, whose proper name was Skamdrup, Danish novelist, was born at Ringsted. Begining as a writer of the romantic ...
Scheffel	Joseph Viktor Von	Joseph Viktor Von Scheffel German poet, born at Karlsruhe. His first volume, written in Italy, was Der Trompeter von Säckingen (1854), a ...
Schelling	Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Von	Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Von Schelling Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Von Schelling, Gerrman post-Kantian philosopher, born at Leonberg in Würtemberg, and beca...
Scherer	Edmond Henri Adolphe	Edmond Henri Adolphe Scherer French man of letters, born at Paris. He had an excellent knowledge of the English language and literature. Having en...
Schiller	Johann Christoph Friedrich Von	Johann Christoph Friedrich Von Schiller German poet, was born at Marbach in Würtemberg. He wished to study for the church; but the Duke of Würtem...
Schimmel	Hendrik Jan	Hendrik Jan Schimmel Dutch poet, and novelist, born at’s Graveland, N. Holland; entered the Dutch Treasury at Amsterdam, and finally became a director ...
Schlegel	August Wilhelm Von	August Wilhelm Von Schlegel German critic, translator, and authorm, was born at Hanover. He studied at Göttingen, where Heyne persuaded him to ta...
Schlegel	Friedrich Von	Friedrich Von Schlegel German romantic writer, brother of the above, was born at Hanover. He wrote several articles on Greek poetry and kindred s...
Schopenhauer	Arthur	Arthur Schopenhauer German philosopher, was born at Danzig. His first work, The Fourfold Root of the Principle of Sufficient Reason, was...
Schreiner	Olive	Olive Schreiner Also Mrs. S.C. Cronwright Schreiner, South African novelist, born in Basutoland. In her books life on the veld and the peculiariti...
Schubart	Christian Friedrich Daniel	Christian Friedrich Daniel Schubart German poet and musician, was born at Obersontheim in Swabia, where, through indiscreet attacks on the Jesuits, he l...
Schwab	Gustav	Gustav Schwab German poet, born at Stuttgart, where he became professor of ancient literature (1817); he also held various ecclesiastical appointments. ...
Scott	Alexander	Alexander Scott Scottish poet, who probably spent most of his time in Edinburgh. None of his productions are of later date than 1568, but he was ...
Scott	Sir Walter	Sir Walter Scott Scottish novelist and poet, was born at Edinburgh. By paternal descent Scott was a cadet of the house of Harden, while the Harden...
Scott	William Bell	William Bell Scott Artist and poet, was born at St. Leonard's Edinburgh, and in 1837 settled in London as etcher, engraver, and painter. From 184...
Scribe	Augustin Eugène	Augustin Eugène Scribe French dramatist, was born and died in Paris. In spite of the comparative failure of a number of his earliest plays, he pr...
Scudder	Horace Elisha	Horace Elisha Scudder American author, was born in Boston, and after employment as a publisher’s reader was editor of The Riverside Magazine (1...
Scudéry	Madeleinede	Madeleinede Scudéry French writer of romances, born at Havre, who wrote among other works Ibrahim ou l'Illustre Bassa (1641); Artamène, ou ...
Sébillot	Paul	Paul Sébillot French writer on folklore, born at Matignon (Côtes-du-Nord dep.). He abandoned law and art suceessively for the study of folklore. ...
Sedaine	Michel Jean	Michel Jean Sedaine French dramatist, born at Paris; whilst apprenticed to an architect he wrote plays, particularly in the department of opéra comi...
Sedley, or Sidley	Sir Charles	Sir Charles Sedley, or Sidley English wit and dramatic author, born at Aylesford, Kent; had great repute in his own day both as a rake and as a poet. Dr...
Seebohm	Frederic	Frederic Seebohm English writer, born at Bradford, Yorkshire; became partner in a banking firm at Hitchin. His works include: The Oxford Reformers...
Seeley	Sir John Robert	Sir John Robert Seeley English historian and essayist, born in London. In 1863 he was appointed professor of Latin in University College, London,...
Ségur	Louis Philippe	Louis Philippe Ségur Comte De Ségur. French diplomatist writer, son of the Marquis de Ségur, born in Paris, and, in the cause of American independ...
Seldon	John	John Seldon English lawyer and man of letters, was born at Salvington in Sussesx. At the age of twenty-two he made a reputation by his treatise t...
Senaca	Marcus Annæus	Marcus Annæus Senaca Rhetorician, was a native of Corduba in Spain. He spent some time at Rome early in the reign of Augustus, and afterwards ret...
Senaca	Lucius Annæus	Lucius Annæus Senaca Philosopher and statesman, was the son of the above, and was born at Corduba. By the reign of Caligula (37-41 A.D.) he had w...
Serao	Matilde	Matilde Serao Italian novelist, was born at Patras; settled at Rome; married E. Scarfoglio, and worked with him on several papers until 1905, when she j...
Sergeant	Adeline	Adeline Sergeant Whose full name was Emily Frances Adeline Sergeant, English novelist, was born at Ashbourne in Derbyshire. She was educated as a teache...
Serpa Pinto	Alexandre Alberto Da Rocha	Alexandre Alberto Da Rocha Serpa Pinto Portuguese Explorer, born at the castle of Polchras on the Douro. Being entrusted with the command of a sc...
Settembrini	Luigi	Luigi Settembrini Italian writer and patriot, was born at Naples, and in 1835 became professor of rhetoric at Catanzaro; but between 1839 and 1860 he sp...
Sévigné	Marie De Rabutinchatai	Marie De Rabutinchatai Sévigné Marquise De Sévigné. French writer, the descendent of an old Burgundian family was born at Paris. Her girlho...
Sewell	Elizabeth Missing	Elizabeth Missing Sewell English novelist, was born at Newport, Isle of Wight. In early life she was engaged in teaching at Bonchurch. She wrot...
Shadwell	Thomas	Thomas Shadwell Dramatist and poet-laureate, born at Weeting, Norfolk. His plays give valuable pictures of the life of the time, but they lack li...
Shaftesbury	Anthony Ashley Cooper	Anthony Ashley Cooper Shaftesbury Third Earl of Shaftesbury. English author, grandson of the first earl, was born in London. He attributes ...
Shakespeare	William	William Shakespeare English dramatist and poet, was the descendant of a good stock of Warwickshire yeomen. His father, John Shakespeare, was a nat...
Sharp	William	William Sharp 'Fiona Macleod' - Scottish poet, novelist, and critic, was a native of Paisley. He held a post in a London bank for three days, but...
Shaw	George Bernard	George Bernard Shaw Irish critic and dramatist, was born in Dublin, and went to London in 1876, when he became a socialist leader and a dramatic and fin...
Shaw	Henry Wheeler	Henry Wheeler Shaw American humorist, known as 'Josh Billings,' born at Lanesborough, Massachusetts; settled in Proghkeepsie as a land agent (1858); too...
Sheil	Richard Lalor	Richard Lalor Sheil Irish dramatist and politician, was born at Drumdowney, Kilkenny Co. Among his tragedies and adaptations were The Emigran...
Shelley	Mary Wollstonecraft	Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley English authoress, second wife of Percy Bysshe Shelley, and the daughter of William Godwin (author of Caleb Williams
Shelley	Percy Bysshe	Percy Bysshe Shelley English poet, was born at Field Place, Warnham, near Horsham in Sussex. He is no longer regarded as the anarchist of literat...
Shenstone	William	William Shenstone English poet, was born at the Leasowes, parish of Halesowen, Worcestershire, and was a contemporary of Samuel Johnson’s at Pembroke Co...
Sheridon	Richard Brinsley	Richard Brinsley Sheridon Irish dramatist, politician, and wit, born in Dublin. He married secretly the singer Elizabeth Linley, and for her foug...
Sherwood	Mary Martha	Mary Martha Sherwood Writer of religious stories for the young, was born at Stanford in Worcestershire, and went out to India, where she found herself i...
Shipley	Orby	Orby Shipley English Roman Catholic writer, born in Hampshire, worked for twenty-three years as a clergyman of the Church of England, but joined the Rom...
Shirley	James	James Shirley English poet and dramatist, was born in London. In 1623 he was master of St. Albans Grammar School, and in 1625 he returned to Lond...
Shorter	Clement King	Clement King Shorter English author and journalist, born in London. In 1891 he joined the staff of the Illustrated London News, of which...
Shorthouse	Joseph Henry	Joseph Henry Shorthouse English novelist, was born in Birmingham, where he became a manufacturer of chemicals. In 1881 he published his romance, ...
Sibbern	Frederik Christian	Frederik Christian Sibbern Danish philosopher and writer, born at Copenhagen; was professor of Philosophy at the University of Copenhagen (1813-66). H...
Sidney	Sidney Philip	Sidney Philip Sidney English soldier, and poet, was born at Penshurst, Kent. He was with Walsingham at Paris during the massacre of St. Bartholom...
Sienkiewicz	Henryk	Henryk Sienkiewicz Polish novelist, is of Lithuanian stock, and was born in gov. Siedlce. He began to write in 1872, his short stories and studie...
Sieyès	Emmanuel Joseph	Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès Comte de Sieyès - French revolutionist, was born at Fréjus, and after becoming (1775) canon at Tréguier, was appointed chancellor...
Sigerson	Dora	Dora Sigerson Mrs. Clement Shorter - Irish poetess, is a native in Dublin. Her published poems, which are more remarkable for a beauty of ideas th...
Sigourney	Lydia Howard Huntley	Lydia Howard Huntley Sigourney American authoress, born in Connecticut, Huntley was her maiden name, and she married Sigourney in 1819. She is chiefly...
Sigurdsson	Jón	Jón Sigurdsson Icelandic statesman and author, born in the west of Iceland; became secretary to the bishop of Iceland (1830). It was mainly throu...
Silius		Silius Silus, whose full name was Gaius Silius Italicus, won distinction as an advocate, and became a member of the judicial board of the centumviri; i...
Sill	Edward Rowland	Edward Rowland Sill American poet and essayist, born at Windsor, Connecticut. After a period spent in bussiness in California, he divided his att...
Silva	Antonio José Da	Antonio José Da Silva Portuguese dramatist, born at Rio de Janeiro; went to Lisbon, where he became one of the earliest writers of libretos for comic op...
Silvestre	Paul Armand	Paul Armand Silvestre French littérateur, born in Paris; entered the ministry of finance (1869), afterwards becoming inspector of finance and d...
Simms	William Gilmore	William Gilmore Simms American author, born at Charleston, S. Carolina. He became editor and part proprietor (1828) of the Charleston City Ga...
Simonides	%20	%20 Simonides Two ancient Greek poets. (1.) Simonides Of Amorgos, iambic poet, flourished about 650 B.C., and was a native of Samos, but led a colony to Amo...
Simrock	Karl	Karl Simrock German scholar and poet, born at Bonn. He entered the Prussian government service (1823), from which he was dismissed seven years later f...
Sims	George Robert	George Robert Sims English journalist and dramatist, was born in London. He was first attached to Fun (1874), and also associated with t...
Sinclair	Catherine	Catherine Sinclair Scottish novelist, born in Edinburgh, was the daughter of Sir John Sinclair, for whom she acted as secretary till his death in 1835. ...
Skelton	John	John Skelton English poet and satirist, born in Nortfolk. He was appointed tutor to Prince Henry, afterwards Henry VIII. Having entered the churc...
Skelton	Sir John	Sir John Skelton Scottish essayist and historical writer, who wrote under the name of Shirley, was born in Edinburgh. He contributed to Frase...
Skram	Amalie	Amalie Skram Norwegian novelist, born at Bergen, married (1884) for her second husband the Danish journalist Erik Skram. In 1885 appeared her nov...
Sladen	Douglas	Douglas Sladen 'Brooke Wheelton' - English author and critic, born in London. He was for a time professor of history in the University of Sydney, N...
Smart	Christopher	Christopher Smart English poet, born at Shipbourne, Kent, became fellow of Pembroke College, Cambridge, in 1745. When debt and dissipation drove ...
Smedley	Francis Edward	Francis Edward Smedley English novelist (known as Frank Smedley), was born at Great Marlow, and was a cripple. In 1850 he published Frank Fai...
Smith	Albert Richard	Albert Richard Smith English author and public entertainer, was born at Chertsey, near London. His first drama, Blanche Heriot, appeared...
Smith	Alexander	Alexander Smith Scottish poet, was born in Kilmarnock. In 1851 several of his poems appeared in the Critic and Electic Review. Life ...
Smith	Horatio	Horatio Smith Horatio Smith, known as Horace. English novelist and parodist. He leaped suddendly into fame as one of the authors of the ...
Smith	James	James Smith English poet and parodist, elder brother of Horace Smith was born in London, and succeeded his father as solicitor to the Board of Ordnance ...
Smith	Sydney	Sydney Smith English author and wit, born at Woodford, Essex. In 1794 he was ordained to the curacy of Netherhaven, Salisbury Plain, and in 1797 ...
Smith	Walter Chalmers	Walter Chalmers Smith Scottish poet and preacher, born at Aberdeen; became minister successively of a Presbyterian church in London, of the Free Church ...
Smollett	Tobias George	Tobias George Smollett Scottish novelist, was born at Dalquhurn, near Dumbarton, and was apprenticed to a doctor. In 1739 he made for London - a journey...
Snoilsky	Carl Johan Gustaf	Carl Johan Gustaf Snoilsky Count Snoilsky. Swedish lyric poet, born at Stockholm. He published his first collection of poems, Små Dickt...
Socrates	%20	%20 Socrates The greatest of the Greek philosophers, was born at Athens. He served on several campaigns in the Athenian army, and distinguished ...
Solis y Ribadeneira	Antonio De	Antonio De Solis y Ribadeneira Spanish dramatist and historian, born at Alcala de Henares. He began writing plays whilst a student at Salamanca (...
Somerville	Mary	Mary Somerville Scottish writer, popularizer of physical science, was born at Jedburgh. At first in Edinburgh, and after 1816 in London, she live...
Somerville	William	William Somerville English poet, was born at Colwich, Staffordshire, and became a typical hunting squire. He was a poetical correspondent of Allan Ramsa...
Sophocles		Sophocles Athenian tragedian, was a native of Colonus, Athens. He was famous for his personal beauty, his amiable character, his political qual...
Sordello	%20	%20 Sordello Italian troubadour, who wrote in Provençal, was born at Goito, near Mantua, and entered the service of Ezzelino III. and Alberico da Roman...
Soulary	Joséphin	Joséphin Soulary Properly Joseph Marie. French poet, born and died at Lyons, where his Genoese ancestors, the Solari, introduced a velvet industry...
Southerne	Thomas	Thomas Southerne English dramatist, was born at Oxmantown, near dublin. In 1862 was produced his play The Loyal Brother, or the Persian Princ...
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